混沌理论在会计学中的运用

混沌理论是自然科学在非线性系统研究方面取得的重大理论突破，任何事物都是外在的混乱与内在的有序的统一，在混沌中隐含了一种有序。介绍了混沌理论的含义和特征，运用混沌理论对会计学中的某些现象进行了分析。     

复合材料层合板表面椭圆形分层非线性屈曲分析

基于修正型Ｈａｈｎ－Ｔｓａｉ非线性本构模型，利用Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ－Ｒｉｔｚ法，研究了复合材料层合板表面椭圆形分层非线性屈曲性态．采用阻尼因子法有效地克服了非线性迭代过程中屈曲应变的振荡现象．数值结果表明：某些层合板椭圆形分层非线性临界应变与线性临界应变有明显差别．     

Cu—Zn—Al合金表达非线性振荡花样

应用透射电镜进行原位晶体结构分析，证实该类合金中密排六方结构相有两类晶胞，它们会发生长大、缩小的变化，应用薛罗根模型及其非线性学方程分析了这种固态相变中的自组织现象，从理论上证明了该现象是固态合金中的一种耗散结构，这种结构的产生与系统和环境的交互作用密切相关。     

Cu-Zn-Al 合金表面非线性振荡花样——自组织现象

应用透射电镜进行原位晶体结构分析，证实该类合金中密排六方结构相有两类晶胞，它们会发生长大、缩小的变化．应用薛罗根（Ｓｃｈｌｏｇｌ）模型及其非线性动力学方程分析了这种固态相变中的自组织现象，从理论上证明了该现象是固态合金中的一种耗散结构，这种结构的产生与系统和环境的交互作用密切相关．     

功率变换器中的混沌及控制方法

功率变换器由于其开关工作特性,变换器的拓扑结构不断变化.功率开关变换器被认为是一个固有开关非线性系统,因此其运行过程中必然存在着丰富的非线性现象,如分岔和混沌等.主要表现为诸如转速、转矩的间歇振荡,运行状态的突然崩溃,不明的电磁噪声等.针对功率变换器中的混沌现象,介绍了混沌的基本概念和基本特征,混沌的判别方法;综述了DC-DC功率变换器和电气传动系统中的混沌现象及控制方法;提出了如何利用混沌的某些特性,研究电气传动系统新的控制方法,设计新型的软开关变换器;最后,给出了新型混沌软开关变换器的工作原理及设计方法.指出功率变换器中的混沌研究是一很有发展前景的研究方向.     

影响机床颤振的几个非线性因素及其数学模型

本文研究了机床结构中的非线性刚度、切削过程中的后角限制、刀刃轨迹部分地越出工件材料和非线性切削力等几种非线性因素对于机床颤振过程的影响,及其相应的数学模型;同时评述了某些研究者过去所进行的工作及其结论.本文还分析了机床的非线性颤振理论的研究中所面临的一个重大困难——现今在线性理论的研究中用得十分成熟的一套电磁激振技术,根本无法揭示机床结构的非线性特征,并指出了解决这一困难的可能途径.     

BUCK变换器中的混沌现象与输出电压稳定的研究

由于存在非线性开关元件,BUCK型DC-DC功率转换器的拓扑结构不断变化,因此在电路实际运行过程中必然蕴涵着十分丰富的非线性现象如分岔、混沌。本文以BUCK电路为例,通过典型电路模型建立电路数学模型,分析电路中的非线性现象与输出电压的关系。通过MATLAB/SUMILINK仿真验证了BUCK电路数学模型和数学分析的正确性,最后从混沌现象用MULTISIM分析探讨输出电压稳定性。     

经济混沌的动因与预测

经济混沌是非线性经济系统中呈现的一种貌似随机不确定现象．本文通过对经济混沌的动因分析，指出温沌是经济系统的本质特性；根据混沌的有序性，提出经济混沌预测的基本原理；给出一个甚于混沌吸引子的时间序列预测方法，指出影响预测效果的主要因素．     

脆性断层形成的递进连通模型

发育于地壳浅层中的脆性断层常常由一系列次级小断层形成，在结合岩石力学试验“微” 观特征和地质学野外观测“宏”观现象的基础上，建立了脆性断层形成由微裂纹→缝合线状裂缝→宏观断层→超大断裂的递进连通模型，并分析了裂缝递进连通的机制，解释了模型中断裂呈波状弯曲，连接分支及断裂逐渐与在主应力夹角变小的现象。     

陀螺稳定平台的非线性失稳与抖振

本文的目的在于指出高精度陀螺稳定平台可能出现非线性失稳及抖振等非线性现象并说明其发生的规律。在评论了已有资料讨论此类非线性现象时的缺陷之后,针对陀螺稳定平台某些具体的因素抽象出非线性系统模型。使用了谐波线性化的描述函数方法来研究这些非线性系统,特别着重考察了出现非线性失稳和抖振的可能性。给出了典型参数下的计算结果,并提出了既能保证平台精度又能避免非线性失稳的可能技术方案。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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