面向微博情感评测任务的多方法对比研究

主要对COAE 2014评测中采用的算法进行描述,并结合评测结果进行分析比较。本次评测共有5个任务,本文重点描述与微博相关的3个任务。在微博情感新词发现和判断的任务中,方法核心是利用谷歌翻译算法的对齐操作来获得候选新词,之后使用平均点互信息筛选高频词语。在微博倾向性分析任务中采用两种方法,一种是传统的基于情感词典的极性判断方法,另一种是结合情感词标注的基于条件随机场CRFs的极性判断方法。在微博观点句要素抽取任务中,首先利用名词在复杂网络中的中介性和趋近性提取候选产品名和属性名,然后分别采用3种方法完成对产品属性名的抽取,其中,第一种方法是基于简单规则的滑动窗口抽取策略,后面两种方法都是基于CRFs的有监督抽取策略。     

中文微博句子倾向性分类中特征抽取研究

针对中文微博句子倾向性分类问题,在充分降低由于情感词典的扩充工作带来系统开销的基础上,抽取了中文微博句子中标点符号、情感词权重、词汇级和句法级等新型平面和结构化特征,探索了有效的特征选择方法.在基准COAE和NLP&CC中文微博语料上进行双向交叉和独立实验,并研究了有效的不平衡性语料的处理方法.实验结果表明:采用该文提出的特征后,中文微博句子倾向性分类的性能得到显著提升.     

基于主体句和句法依赖的微博情感倾向性分析

情感倾向性分析是近年来中文信息处理领域的热点问题.通过对新浪微博进行情感的分析与研究,提出了一种基于主体句和句法依赖关系的微博情感倾向性分析方法.首先利用自定义规则和条件随机场模型进行主体句及主体评价对象的抽取;然后使用句法分析器对主体句进行依赖关系分析,可以准确的获得修饰评价对象的评价词;最后利用情感词典计算出句子的情感倾向.实验结果表明在精确获取评价对象的基础上再进行情感倾向性判别效果要优于对微博直接进行情感倾向性分析.     

基于中文微博语料的情感倾向性分析

微博的兴起与传播使得短文本情感分类成为目前的热门研究领域。通过对中文微博语料的情感倾向性分析进行研究,提出了一种新的情感分类方法。首先构建了两级情感词典,并对不同级别情感词作不同增强;然后在情感特征方面使用N-Gram方法,尽量获取有限长度博文中的未登录情感词和情感信息。经实验验证与传统方式相比较,该方法的准确率和召回率都有所提高,在COAE2014微博情感倾向性评测任务中也取得了较好的成绩。     

基于半监督学习的微博情感倾向性分析

微博情感倾向性分析通常指对中文微博中每个句子褒义、贬义或者中性的情感进行自动分类。针对微博碎片化和情感类别失衡的特点,在半监督学习reserved self-training方法的框架基础上提取了适用于微博情感分类的文本特征,并提出了针对情感倾向性分析通过训练度阈值设定的方法来优化reserved self-training迭代终止的条件,在保留reserved self-training能有效处理微博语料中语料情感不平衡问题的优点基础上,防止了训练过度情况的发生。COAE 2014微博情感倾向性评测结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于依存句法的评论情感极性分析

以评论文本作为研究对象,结合评论文本情感表达清晰、评论对象明确的特点,提出一种基于依存句法的文本特征抽取方法,以提高评论文本情感极性分析中的准确率。抽取评论文本中依存情感单元(Emotional dependency unit,EDU)作为情感表达的基本特征,使用支持向量机(SVM)训练情感极性分类器,对评论文本进行情感极性分类,同时分析否定词、程度副词、关联词对文本情感极性的影响。实验结果表明采用依存情感元组特征的情感极性分类器准确度达到73%左右,当加入否定词、程度副词、关联词特征时情感分类结果的准确率可达到80%左右,从而既提高了情感极性分类准确率又论证了否定词、程度副词、关联词特征分析在情感分析中的重要性。     

基于情感依存元组的新闻文本主题情感分析

以情感依存元组(EDT)作为中文情感表达的基本结构,把新闻文本主题情感倾向性判别任务分成主题识别、情感倾向性分析和主客观分类三个逐层递进的子任务。在主题识别前先对TF-IDF方法进行改进,再结合基于交叉熵方法提取主题特征词,同时考虑了新闻文章标题的主题表征作用,将标题词纳入主题特征集;然后基于空间向量模型计算句子与主题特征向量的相似度,在此基础上考虑句子位置、长度及句子与标题的相似度,计算句子的主题相关度以抽取主题句;最后建立情感依存元组判别模型计算主题句的情感,采用主、客观分类规则筛选出新闻倾向关键句。本方法在COAE 2014评测中各项指标皆逼近最好成绩,表明基于情感依存元组的分类方法具有较高的分类性能。     

一种基于联合深度学习模型的情感分类方法

针对情感分析问题中长句和短句进行情感分类时不同的建模特点,提出了一种基于联合深度学习模型的情感分类方法。该方法融合长短期记忆模型(LSTM)与卷积神经网络(CNN)对影视评论数据进行情感极性判别,该方法采用LSTM模型对上下文进行建模,通过逐词迭代得到上下文的特征向量,采用CNN模型从词向量序列中自动发现特征,并从局部抽取特征后将局部特征整合成全局特征来提高分类效果。所提出的方法在COAE2016评测的任务2的情感极性分类任务中,其系统准确率获得最好结果。     

中文微博情感倾向性分析特征工程

情感倾向性分析是情感分析的重要组成部分,是一种按照情感倾向对文本进行分类的任务。微博与传统的评论文本相比更加口语化与符号化,因此对微博进行情感倾向性分析是一个非常有挑战性的任务。基于机器学习的方法是情感倾向性分析最经典的算法,核心是要进行特征的分析和选择,例如词袋特征等。然而,由于中文语言的独特性,前人很多有效的特征都是语言相关的,将其直接用于中文微博效果不佳。在中文微博语料上,还没有学者进行细致的特征工程建设。基于此,文章综合国内外诸多特征,并考虑到中文的独特性,对中文微博的褒贬中倾向性判别特征工程的词、词组、数值和句法特征分别进行了研究,并提出了基于词典规则的情感评分的新特征。最后经过大量实验与分析,得出了可靠的特征组合。实验结果表明,此方法能够明显提高情感倾向性分析的结果。     

微博情感分析综述

大数据时代下,微博作为一个开放性的信息传播平台吸引了众多的网民参与其中,与之相关的研究也得到了广泛的开展。本文将微博情感分析任务分为3步:微博语料的获取与预处理、情感特征的标注与选择、主观文本的情感分类。在主观文本分类中,将情感分类分为基于规则的方法和基于机器学习的方法。最后对当前中文微博的情感分析现状做了总结,并阐述了当前微博情感分类还需亟待解决的一些问题。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that