Alternating deposition multilayer films of dendrimers／poly（4-vinylpyridine） based on hydrogen bonding

Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique has been an important method for constructing layered nanostrucrural materials. Although the electrostatic interaction is the primary driving force for building LbL multilayers,our group and other group have reported early that hydrogen bonding interaction can be also used as the driving force.     

Epitaxial growth of ultrathin ZrO2（111） films on Pt（111）

Ordered epitaxial ZrO2 films were grown on Pt(111) and characterized by low energy electron diffraction (LEED), synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The films were prepared by vapor deposition of zirconium in an O2 atmosphere followed by annealing under ultra high vacuum. At low coverages, the films grew as discontinuous two-dimentional islands with ordered structures. The size and structure of these islands were dependent on the coverage of Zr...     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of （Ti,AI,Zr）N/（Ti,AI,Zr,Cr）N films on cemented carbide substrates

（Ti,Al,Zr）N/（Ti,Al,Zr,Cr）N bilayer films were deposited on cemented carbide （WC-8%Co） substrates by multi-arc ion plating （MAIP） using two Ti-AI-Zr alloy targets and one pure Cr target. To investigate the composition, morphology, and crystalline structure of the bilayer films, a number of complementary methods of elemental and structural analysis were used, namely, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Adhesive strength and mechanical properties of the films were evaluated by scratch testing and Vickers microindentation, respectively. It is shown that the resulting films have a TiN-type face-centered cubic （FCC） structure. The films exhibit fully dense, uniform, and columnar morphology. Furthermore, as the bias voltages vary from -50 to -200 V, the microhardness （max. Hv001 4100） and adhesive strength （max. 〉 200 N） of the bilayer films are superior to those of the （Ti,Al,Zr）N and （Ti,Al,Zr, Cr）N monolayer films.     

Si（111）表面离子束辅助沉积对类金刚石薄膜结构影响的计算机模拟

本文选C2分子和Ar离子作为沉积源和辅助沉积粒子,采用分子动力学（MD）方法在Si（111）面上模拟研究了离子束辅助沉积（IBAD）类金刚石（DLC）膜的物理过程.重点讨论了C2分子和Ar离子的入射能量及到达比（Ar/C）对平均密度和sp^3键含量的影响,并与Si（001）-（2×1）表面生长类金刚石膜的结果进行比较.结果表明,到达比和入射能的改变,对薄膜结构的影响不同;Si（111）面上生长类金刚石膜,薄膜在衬底的附着力更强.     

Synthesis of LiFePO4 in situ vapor-grown carbon fiber （VGCF） composite cathode material via microwave pyrolysis chemical vapor deposition

One of the most important factors that limits the use of LiFePO 4 as cathode material for lithium ion batteries is its low electronic conductivity.In order to solve this problem,LiFePO 4 in situ vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF) composite cathode material has been prepared in a single step through microwave pyrolysis chemical vapor deposition.The phase,microstructure,and electrochemical performance of the composites were investigated.Compared with the cathodes without in situ VGCF,the initial discharge capacity of the composite electrode increases from 109 to 144 mA h g-1 at a 0.5-C rate,and the total electric resistance decreases from 538 to 66.The possible reasons for these effects are proposed.     

A study on the double melting behavior of poly（trimethylene terephthalate）

Double melting behavior of poly（trimethylene terephthalate） （PTT） was studied in detail by means of differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and optical microscopy. The results indicate that the low-temperature melting peak of PTT at ca. 218℃ for the samples crystallized isothermally at 203℃ is associated with the melting of crystals produced by secondary crystallization, while the high-temperature melting peak of it at about 227℃ is related to the melting of the crystals produced by primary crystallization. The results further demonstrate that the PTT crystals growing non-isothermally during cooling process are thermodynamically unstable and can undergo structure reorganization during the DSC heating scan. The reorganized crystals melt at temperature higher than the crystals produced by secondary crystallization at 203℃. Consequently, for the non-fully crystallized samples, the crystals grown during cooling also exhibit contribution to the high-temperature melting peak.     

Toxicity of the brominated flame retardant tris-（2,3-dibromopropyl） isocyanurate in zebrafish （Danio rerio）

Tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) is a heterocyclic brominated flame retardant that was recently detected in the environment in China. TBC is semi-volatile and can accumulate in the lipid of some species, but little is known about its effect on aquatic organisms. We exposed adult zebrafish to 0, 0.25, 1 and 4 mg/L TBC for 28 d and measured the effect on survival, growth, histopathology, hormone levels, enzyme activity, and gene expression. TBC exposure had no effect on survival or growth. We observed significant damage to the liver and gill, including hepatocellular swelling and fatty degeneration in the liver as well as proliferation and edema of epithelial cells in the gills. In addition, exposure to 4 mg/L TBC induced proliferation of goblet cells in the intestine of both sexes, acellular areas in the testis, and thinly scattered vitellogenic granules in vitellogenic oocytes. TBC exposure had no effect on the levels of thyroid hormones, testosterone, estradiol, liver superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde content, and brain cholinesterase activity. By contrast, hepatic vitellogenin and cytochrome P4501A gene expression was significantly down-regulated in both male and female zebrafish in response to TBC exposure. Our results suggest that exposure to TBC causes a variety of potential reproductive and endocrine toxic effects.     

A theoretical study of the proton transfer process in the spin-forbidden reaction ^1HNO（^1A＇） ＋ OH^-→^ 3NO^-（^3∑^-） ＋ H2O

The spin-forbidden reaction 1HNO（^1A＋OH^-→3NO^-（^3∑^-）＋H2O has been extensively explored using vari- ous CASSCF active spaces with MP2 corrections in several basis sets. Natural bond orbital （NBO） analysis, together with the NBO energetic （deletion） analysis, indicates that the two isomers have nearly equal total energy and could compete with each other in the title reaction. More significantly, the singlet/triplet surface crossing regions have been examined and the spin-orbit coupling （SOC） and energetics have been computed. The computational results indicate that the SOC is very large at the crossing point T1/S0 trans （ca. 40.9 cm^-1）. Moreover, the T1/S0 trans has a low energy of 10.67 kcal/mol relative to that of trans-So. Therefore, the surface crossing to the triplet state seems much more efficient at the T1/S0 trans region along the minimum energy path （MEP）, However, The values of single （P1^ISC） and double （P2^ISC） passes estimated at T1/S0 trans show that the ISC occurs with a little probability.     

Effect of thickness on structures of ultrathin diamond-like carbon films

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films with different thickness were deposited by filtered cathode vacuum arc (FCVA). Vis-Raman and spectroscopic ellipsometry were employed to analyze the structure of DLC films. The wavelength of Vis-Raman is 514.5 nm. Experimental results show that structures of DLC films are affected by film thicknesses. When the film thickness increases from 2 to 30 nm, the G-peak position (G-pos) shifts to higher wavelength, the intensity ratio I_D/I_G and the extinction coefficient Ks decrease. It is indicated that the content of sp3 bond increases with film thickness. However, when the film thickness increases from 30 nm to 50 nm, I_D/I_G and Ks increase. The content of sp³ bonds decreases with film thickness.     

V掺杂对类金刚石薄膜性能的影响

通过磁控溅射的方法,使用石墨靶、V靶复合拼接靶,以氩气作为辅助气体,成功制备了不同原子分数的V掺杂类金刚石薄膜。采用拉曼光谱仪、电子探针X射线显微分析仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、原子力显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、纳米压痕仪、薄膜应力仪、往复摩擦磨损试验机等设备研究了V掺杂对类金刚石薄膜微观结构、力学性能、摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明,V掺杂提高了类金刚石薄膜的力学性能,当薄膜中V的原子分数为54.28%时,薄膜的硬度和弹性模量分别为14.1 GPa和147.6 GPa。掺杂V后,薄膜中生成了V₂O₅,降低了薄膜的耐磨性能。这主要是因为V促进了sp³杂化C数量的增加,并且在摩擦过程中,薄膜中的sp³杂化C的数量进一步增加,导致其硬度升高,耐磨性能下降。     

水溶液中石墨烯剥离的分子动力学模拟

通过分子动力学模拟方法研究柔性石墨烯在水溶液中剥离的热力学机制。为了表征石墨烯与水溶剂之间的相互作用,研究了石墨烯周围水溶剂的结构性质;通过施加外力的方法剥离石墨模型中最外层的石墨烯,计算剥离过程中体系自由能的变化,并对剥离过程中微观结构变化以及石墨烯周围水溶剂结构性质进行分析。结果表明:石墨烯与水之间的相互作用较小;剥离石墨烯需要克服一定的能垒;石墨烯之间的相互作用决定了自由能能垒的大小,溶剂诱导的贡献对剥离起到促进作用;受限区域内的水溶剂分子对剥离起到重要的作用。     

烷烃油滴在超临界二氧化碳中溶解的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟方法研究5种正构烷烃油滴在超临界CO2(sc CO2)中的溶解过程及其微观作用机制。结果表明:烷烃在sc CO2中的溶解能力随其链长的增加而逐渐降低。链长小于18时,烷烃易溶于sc CO2;链长大于18时,sc CO2对烷烃的溶解能力较弱。色散作用在sc CO2溶解烷烃的过程中起主要作用。色散作用随烷烃链长的增加而减弱,其强弱导致了不同链长的烷烃在sc CO2中的溶解能力不同。短链烷烃分子与CO2接触的概率较大,同时烷烃分子在sc CO2中的伸展程度随其链长的增加而减弱,导致烷烃与CO2间色散作用强弱不同。     

镁合金表面制备硅掺杂类金刚石膜的性能研究

将无铬化学转化新工艺与射频等离子化学气相沉积（PECVD）技术相结合,先在镁合金表面生成一层多孔结构、附着力高的化学转化膜作为过渡层,再采用PECVD技术低温沉积一层硅掺杂类金刚石（Si-DLC）薄膜复合涂层。扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱图分析证实,获得的薄膜由sp2和sp3键杂化的碳硅氢化合物呈层状堆积而成,薄膜均匀、平整致密;制备的薄膜为典型的类金刚石结构。原子力显微镜直观地观察到,掺杂硅的类金刚石薄膜比未掺杂的平整致密。当硅含量达到20%时,得到的DLC薄膜最为平整致密,无铬化学转化膜层均被含硅的DLC薄膜覆盖。性能测试实验表明,将化学转化膜作为中间过渡层并采用PECVD沉积含硅的DLC薄膜明显提高了镁合金基体与其的结合强度,同时也大幅度提高了镁合金的耐磨、耐高温和耐蚀性。     

碳纳米管阵列储氢的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学方法,模拟了常温和不同压强下,氢在不同管径和管间距的单壁碳纳米管阵列(SWCNTA—S ingle-walled Carbon Nanotube Arrays)中的物理吸附过程.重点研究了压强、管径和管间距对SWCNTA(管内和管间隙)物理吸附储氢的影响.发现氢分子主要储存在SWCNTA的管壁附近,适当地增大管径和管间距可有效增加SWCNTA的物理吸附储氢量,使其在常温下具有较高的储氢能力,并给出了相应的理论解释.计算结果表明,在常温和中等压强下,SWCNTA的物理吸附总储氢量(重量百分比)可达4.2%,从而为同等条件下SWCNTA具有较高储氢能力的实验结果提供了直接的理论支持.     

纳米尺度水薄膜液-气相变分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟,研究了纳米尺度水薄膜厚度和系统温度对液-气相变蒸发率的影响.模拟了水薄膜厚度为2nm时,温度(375~425K)对相变蒸发率的影响;同时模拟了温度400K条件下,水薄膜厚度(2、3、4nm)对相变蒸发率的影响.结果表明:相同水薄膜厚度下蒸发率随着温度的升高而增大,相同温度下蒸发率随水薄膜厚度的增大而增大,蒸发率随时间呈指数形式递减.相关结果可为微热管及其他依靠内部液体相变传热的散热器件设计提供参考.     

DLC膜用于解决MEMS黏附问题研究

介绍了微机电系统（MEMS）中存在的黏附问题,对引起黏附的原因和如何解决黏附问题进行了分析．采用牺牲层腐蚀技术在多晶硅悬臂梁下表面制备类金刚石（DLC）膜,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征未发生黏附的悬臂梁最长长度．发现村底上有DLC膜时,未发生黏附的悬臂梁最长长度平均约为145μm;而无DLC膜时,平均不到80μm．利用原子力显微镜（AFM）测得DLC膜表面的黏附力在7nN左右,而硅衬底表面的黏附力大约为20nN．实验结果表明DLC膜降低了悬臂梁与衬底之间的毛细引力和固体间黏附力,减轻了多晶硅悬臂梁的黏附．     

超薄润滑膜界面滑移现象的分子动力学研究

为研究超薄润滑膜的流变和滑移特性 ,采用了分子动力学模拟方法。模拟系统由 2个固体壁面和介于壁面间的润滑剂分子构成 ,分子模型为正癸烷。结果表明 :薄膜中粒子密度沿膜厚方向呈周期性变化 ,存在某种有序结构 ;薄膜中润滑剂分子的平均速度仍大体呈线性分布 ,但在固液界面和液体层间可以观察到滑移现象 ;壁面滑移率随着剪切率的增加而上升 ,并在高剪切率区迅速增大 ;分子级薄膜中一个重要现象是滑移可能在较低的剪切率下发生 ;薄膜中润滑剂经历着向固态转化的相变过程 ,低剪切率下的滑移率可作为衡量薄膜固化程度的定量判据     

二氧化硅薄膜比热容分子动力学模拟

针对纳米量级薄膜比热容测定的困难,根据实验值建立了SiO2(100)薄膜物理模型.选取可靠的势能函数描述了分子间的相互作用,采用分子动力学模拟了它的比热容变化规律,在100～600K下给出了厚度在1～5nm的薄膜比热容对温度和厚度的依赖关系.计算结果表明,SiO2薄膜在300K下比热容明显低于相同条件下常规体材料的比热容,且随薄膜厚度的增加而增大;随温度升高,比热容变大,这同体材料是一致的.模拟结果揭示了SiO2薄膜比热容的微尺度效应,与理论分析基本吻合,可为半导体微器件的设计提供资料.