分散染料在染色涤纶上固着状态的探讨

利用X-射线衍射、DSC热分析和光学行为的测量,对三个分散染料(C.I.分散红225、167,C.I.分散蓝73)在染色涤纶纤维上的固着状态进行了研究。结果表明:这些染料均不以晶体状态固着在纤维上,所以染色纤维的色光与这些染料晶型的颜色没有关系。     

两种多晶型的分散染料在水中和染浴中的溶解行为

对a、b晶型的C.I.分散红225和C.I.分散红167的溶解度测试及溶解热计算,发现,它们在染浴中的溶解行为不同于在水中的溶解行为。造成两者有差别的主要因素如下: 1.颗粒大小的不同; 2.界面能对体相化学位的影响; 3.染料晶型对溶解度的影响。     

C.I.分散红60及其同系列染料在不同pH染浴中的染色性能

在不同ｐＨ染浴中测试了Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红６０及其相关品种（Ｃ。Ｉ。分散红１２７、１４６及１９１）对涤纶织物的染色性能。结果表明,染浴ｐＨ不影响Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红６０、１９１对涤纶织物染色的提升力。中性、碱性染浴下Ｃ。Ｉ。分散红１４６对涤纶织物的染色性能优于酸性染浴。Ｃ．Ｉ．分散红１２７在碱性染浴下对涤纶织物染色的提升力小于中性染浴,在酸性条件下能获得最佳提升力。染浴ｐＨ对上述染料的而晒、耐升华牢度没有影响     

不同晶型分散染料受热凝聚性能研究

本文用圆盘离心式微粒粒径测定仪测定了分散深蓝H-GL,分散大红S-BWFL不同晶型染料悬浮液在模拟染色条件下染料颗粒粒径的变化,发现染料的不同晶型有不同的受热凝聚性能,而且悬浮液内所用的分散剂对受热凝聚性能也有较大的影响。     

分散染料氨纶染色机理的探讨

以一个染色模型模拟分散染料的氨纶染色,在此基础上得到分散染料与氨纶纤维大分子的结合发生在硬链段区表面上的结论。并从上染速率曲线、吸附等温线这两方面对分散染料氨纶染色的染色机理作了初步的探讨。     

Dyeing Properties of Basofil Fiber

The structures and properties of Basofil fiber were studied using X-rays small angle diffraction analysis, differential-scanning calorimeter and scanning electron microscopy. Disperse dyes, acid dyes and reactive dyes had been tried for dyeing Basofil fiber. It was shown disperse dyes were superior to other ones. The two series of high temperature dyes and low temperature dyes were compared for their suitability for Basofil fiber, and their dyeing behaviors were determined.     

Study on Dyeing of a Novel,Pro-environment Polylactic Acid （PLA） Fiber Yarn

Seventeen disperse dyes including anthraquinone, azo, methine, nitro, and quinoline dyes were applied to dye the Polylactic Acid （PLA） yarns at different conditions, and the dyebath exhaustion was determined. The result shows that C.I. disperse red 167, C.I. disperse orange 30, and C.I. disperse blue 284 have dye-uptakes greater than 80%. Therefore, they can be used as the three principal dyes for PLA yams. The experiment discovered that the dyes, because of their Monoazo and ester group contents, have a higher dye-uptake for the PLA fiber. The research on the optimization of dyeing techniques suggests that PLA yarn can obtain a high level of dyeing effectiveness at the following conditions： pH 4- 5, dyeing temperture 110℃ for 30- 40 min. Color fastness to perspiration, and waterwashing fastness increased 1 - 1.5 by the addition of the abstergent FB during the reduction clearing.     

Dyeing PET Textile with C.I. Disperse Red 60 and C.I. Disperse Orange 25 in Supercritical CO2

For a better understanding of the feasibility of supercritieal fluid dyeing （SFD） and more available information for the process development, the experiments of dyeing PET textile with C.I. disperse red 60 （anthraquinone type） and C. I. disperse orange 25 （azo type） in supercritieal CO2 were carried out with a high-pressure dyeing apparatus at temperatures from 80 to 130℃ and pressure up to 31 MPa. The effect of operating conditions on color yield （K/S） was investigated in SFD experiment, and the optimum operating conditions for the above two disperse dyes were obtained as follows： the temperature 120℃, the pressure 25 MPa and the dyeing time 100 min. As compared with SFD, the conventional water dyeing （CWD） was carried out with the same dyes and textile. The results show that the better fastness, levelness and apparent color can be achieved in SFD and the SFD process has many significant advantages over the CWD process.     

低品位硅藻土对有机染料的吸附性能

考察低品位硅藻土对两种有机染料碱性桃红和直接墨绿的吸附性能,通过对吸附平衡时间、吸附剂质量浓度、温度、pH值等对硅藻土吸附性能影响的研究,建立了硅藻土对上述两种有机染料进行静态吸附的吸附等温式.实验结果表明:硅藻土对碱性桃红和直接墨绿的吸附均较迅速,两种染料在硅藻土上的吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程;温度对吸附的影响不大;酸性条件更有利于硅藻土对碱性桃红和直接墨绿的吸附;Freundlich和Langmuir吸附等温式均能较好地描述两种染料在硅藻土上的吸附,碱性桃红的理论饱和吸附量为104.1mg/g,直接墨绿的理论饱和吸附量为14.98mg/g.     

颗粒活性炭负载锰氧化物对染料的吸附

本研究以亚甲基蓝和刚果红两种不同种类的染料作为吸附质,通过静态吸附实验,考察了载锰颗粒活性炭对它们的吸附行为。与传统活性炭相比,载锰后的颗粒活性炭显著提高了对亚甲基蓝和刚果红两种染料的吸附容量,具有更优异的吸附性能,Langmuir方程对吸附等温线进行了较好的拟合。     

铁活化天然斜发沸石吸附水中氟的研究

用2%N aOH预处理,再经5%F eC l3静态热浸渍和动态热浸渍的铁活化斜发沸石矿样(3#和4#),对水中氟离子的吸附能力有了明显提高,饱和吸附量分别达到664、788 m g/kg,其吸附行为分别属指数型和S型等温线.用D-R方程线性拟合发现3#矿样化学吸附为主,4#矿样化学吸附和物理吸附兼有.吸附机理的差异主要来自铁活化引起的矿样比表面积、孔分布以及表面极性的不同.     

热处理对多壁碳纳米管储氢性能的影响

文章采用容量法测量在常温下压力升高到10 MPa时,多壁碳纳米管的吸附储氢性能,分析了热处理对碳纳米管的结构和吸附储氢量的影响。采用透射电镜(TEM)、激光拉曼光谱(Raman)和低温N2吸附(BET)对碳纳米管的微观结构进行表征。结果发现,热处理能明显地提高碳纳米管的石墨化程度,热处理后碳纳米管的质量储氢容量从原来的1.90%升高到2.17%。     

B掺杂介孔C/SiO2复合材料的自组装法合成及其CO2吸附性能

采用溶胶-凝胶结合协同自组装法,以三嵌段共聚物F127为模板剂,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,以酚醛树脂为碳源,改变硼酸三异丙酯硼源的投料量,制备了一系列具有丰富介孔结构的新型B掺杂介孔C/SiO₂复合材料(BC/SiO₂),研究B的掺杂量对BC/SiO₂复合材料CO₂吸附性能的影响,采用3种等温吸附模型(Langmuir、Freundlich和DSL)分别对CO₂等温吸附曲线进行拟合分析。结果表明:BC/SiO₂复合材料呈球形,且具有较高的比表面积和均一的孔径分布;在BC/SiO₂复合材料中,大部分B原子已被均匀掺入到碳骨架中,从而产生极性位点;BC/SiO₂复合材料对CO₂的吸附能力不仅与材料比表面积大小有关,同时也与B掺杂所产生极性位点数量相关;B掺杂的BC/SiO₂复合材料对CO₂分子存在2种不同强弱的吸附位点,CO₂吸附等温线符合DSL等温吸附模型。     

鸡内金活性炭对酸碱性染料的吸附

以鸡内金(ECGG)为原料,在氩气保护下,先在450℃下高温炭化,后添加KOH作为活化剂,分别选取800、900、1 000℃作为活化温度,制备出3种类型活性炭(ECGG-800、EGGG-900和EGGG-1000).对3种类型活性炭表征分析,并选取ECGG-900做酸性品红和亚甲基蓝的吸附饱和,进行2种最常用的吸附模型Freundlich和Langmuir的拟合.结果表明,用Freundlich吸附等温线模型能解释鸡内金活性炭对酸性染料的吸附;而对于碱性染料的吸附,则Langmuir吸附等温线模型更有说服力;且该活性炭对酸性品红、亚甲基蓝的吸附量分别可达1.682 g/g和2.045 g/g.随着吸附时间的延长,3种活性炭对染料的去除率也随即增大.鸡内金活性炭对处理酸性和碱性染料效果均佳,是一种具有发展潜力的吸附剂.     

Determination of Absorbable Organic Halogen (AOX) Concentration in Wool Dyeing Effluent of Lanasol Dyes

In this paper, the absorbable organic halogen (AOX) amounts in the effluents from Lanasol reactive wool dyeing were determined using DIN 38409 H14 methods and compared with the remaining chromophore concentratlons which were determined spectrophotometrically. It was found that the dyes remaining in the dyeing effluents did result in AOX concentratiom. By measuring the adsorption rates of Lanasol dyes on activated charcoal at different temperatures and pH values, the maximum adsorption on activated charcoal and optimum adsorption conditions of the Lanasol reactive dyes were determined. The experiments showed that the AOX values of the dyes measured by these two methods were not in agreement.he reasons for this observation are discussed.     

Preparation and Application of Microencapsulated Disperse Dyes

Microcapsules containing disperse dyes were prepared by means of in-situ polymerization. Polyester fabrics were multiple-transfer printed and color-mix printed using those microencapsulated dyes under different process conditions. By color measurement instrument, it can be seen that the times of multiple-transfer printing are up to ten while under appropriate conditions, especially when the transfer printing time is 50 seconds and the transfer printing temperature is 180° C. On the other hand, the K/S value of each transfer printing can keep almost constant. Meanwhile, the visual effect of color-mix printing with microencapsulated disperse dyes is special in the varicolored exhibiting if compared with conventional disperse dyes.     

聚氨酯复合物对鲍鱼多糖中重金属离子的吸附

为了脱除鲍鱼多糖中的Hg(II)、Pb(II)、Cd(II),利用廉价、易得的贝壳粉（oyster shell,OS）功能化聚氨酯泡沫（polyurethane,PU）,得到吸附重金属离子的复合材料PU/OS;利用火焰原子吸收光谱法,研究OS添加量、pH值、吸附时间对PU/OS吸附重金属离子的影响,并结合吸附动力学和吸附等温曲线探讨了吸附机理。结果表明,在温度为45 ℃、pH=5.0、平衡时间为180 min的吸附条件下,PU/OS对Hg(II)、Pb(II)、Cd(II)的最大吸附容量分别达到54.62,57.80,82.64 mg/g,吸附遵循准一级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附过程为单分子层吸附。利用PU/OS处理鲍鱼多糖后,PU/OS对Hg(II)、Pb(II)、Cd(II)的脱除率分别为59.61%,73.17%,85.71%,对其中的多糖、氨基态氮、蛋白质的保存率分别为83.66%,72.50%,83.21%。结果说明,PU/OS可有效降低鲍鱼多糖中Hg(II)、Pb(II)、Cd(II)的残留量,保障鲍鱼多糖的食用安全性。     

鱿鱼墨黑色素对Pb2+、Cr6+吸附的影响

以鱿鱼墨黑色素为吸附剂,分别研究鱿鱼墨黑色素添加量、吸附时间、吸附温度和溶液pH对Pb2+、Cr6+清除率的影响,并测定静态吸附等温线方程。结果表明:在水溶液中添加鱿鱼墨黑色素能有效吸附Pb2+和Cr6+,吸附15 min时,鱿鱼墨黑色素对Pb2+和Cr6+的清除率均大于85.00%。鱿鱼墨黑色素对Pb2+清除率随温度的升高而降低,但是对Cr6+的吸附作用在35℃最强。当溶液pH 5.0时,Pb2+的清除率低,溶液pH 4.0～6.0时,鱿鱼墨黑色素能有效地吸附Cr6+。鱿鱼墨黑色素对Cr6+吸附作用符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温线方程,而对Pb2+的吸附仅与Langmuir等温线方程相关性高。     

Loading and releasing behavior of carboxymethyl cellulose and chitosan complex beads

The complex beads of carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC) and chitosan(CHI) that are fabricated by interfacial complexation have a core-shell structure composed of a thin skin layer and a 3D entangled internal structure,which endows the beads with adsorption possibilities toward anionic and cationic molecules via electrostatic interaction.However,the loading and releasing behavior of such a system is essential and fundamental for their application yet has not been studied systematically.In this work,the...     

Controlled-release Properties of Microencapsulated Disperse Dyes

Some disperse dyes were microencapsulated by means of in-situ polymerization. These microencapsulated disperse dyes was extracted respectively by ethanol under certain conditions. The controlled-release properties of disperse dyes through the shell of microcapsules were measured by spectrophotometer. According to the results, it was drawn that the type of disperse dyes, the auxiliaries contained in disperse dyes, the quantity of system controlling medium used and the core/shell ratio of microcapsules play important roles in controlling the release properties of microcapsules. The different controlled-release properties of microcapsules, which were prepared under given conditions, however, would in turn influence the performance of microcapsules in multiple-transfer printing.