TiC/TiN/Al2O3复合陶瓷的研究进展

文章综述了TiC/TiN/Al2O3复合陶瓷的研究进展,介绍了复合陶瓷的制备工艺、组织与性能,探讨了材料成分对组织和力学性能的影响,总结了复合陶瓷的增韧机制及在刀具上的应用情况,指出纳米复合陶瓷是进一步改善强韧性的主要发展方向,为氧化铝陶瓷的广泛应用丰富了科学内涵.     

Al2O3粉末对ZrO2-TiB2-Al2O3纳米复合陶瓷材料力学性能的影响

为了改善ZrO2陶瓷材料的综合力学性能,探讨了添加不同粒径和含量的Al2O3粉末对ZrO2-TiB2-Al2O3纳米复合陶瓷材料微观结构和力学性能的影响.采用真空热压烧结工艺制备了ZrO2纳米复合陶瓷材料,烧结温度为1 450℃,热压压力为30MPa,保温1h.结果表明:微米Al2O3粉末的体积分数为10%时,ZrO2-TiB2-Al2O3纳米复合陶瓷材料的抗弯强度最高,可达743MPa;添加纳米Al2O3粉末对材料的韧性提高明显,最高可达11.37MPa.m1/2,但不同粒径的Al2O3粉末对材料的硬度影响则不明显,材料的硬度随Al2O3含量的增加而增加.     

纳米Al_2O_3对氧化铝陶瓷力学性能及微观结构的影响

研究不同含量的纳米Al2O3对氧化铝陶瓷力学性能的影响;利用SEM观察材料的微观组织结构.实验结果表明:氧化铝陶瓷的相对密度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性随着纳米Al2O3粉含量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势.当纳米Al2O3粉的质量分数为30%,烧结温度为1450℃时,氧化铝陶瓷微观组织细化均匀,氧化铝陶瓷的相对密度达到96.98%,抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别达到了412.61MPa和3.96MPa·m1/2.     

淬硬钢的金属陶瓷刀具车削加工

利用热压烧结法制备了微米/纳米复合Ti(C,N)/Al2O3陶瓷刀具,采用CA6140车床、电子显微镜和扫描电镜研究了微米/纳米复合Ti(C,N)金属陶瓷刀具(编号为:JT1-JT3)切削45淬硬钢的切削性能和显微结构,和硬质合金刀具YT14及陶瓷刀具LT55、SG-4进行了对比.结果表明,所研制的刀具适合于切削45淬硬钢,切削性能优于YT14.分析了刀具的磨损形貌和磨损机理,新型Ti(C,N)金属陶瓷刀具的主要磨损机理为后刀面磨粒磨损和氧化磨损.采用金属陶瓷刀具车削工件,可以实现以车代磨,不但质量得以保证,而且可以降低成本.     

金属粘接Al_2O_3-TiC系陶瓷的退火热处理强化研究

针对被用作刀具材料的金属粘接AI2O3－TiC系陶瓷的组成特点，采用近火处理的方法可使其强度得到改善。实验结果表明：经800CX3h大气中退大处理后，金属粘接Al2O3－TiC系陶瓷材料的强度提高了10％，硬度也同时提高。扫描电镜和透射电镜的观察与分析表明：该材料强度和硬度的提高是材料表面微氧化机制、内部缺陷钝化机制以及晶界强化机制共同作用的结果。     

Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2金属陶瓷的制备与性能

以WC-10Co纳米复合粉末、YSZ纳米粉末与Al2O3亚微粉末为原料,采用热压烧结制备了性能优良的Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2金属陶瓷.分别在1380,1450和1500℃烧结温度下制备Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2金属陶瓷,通过考察烧结体的断裂韧性、洛氏硬度、密度、磁滞回线和断口形貌,研究了烧结温度对WC-10Co纳米复合粉末、YSZ纳米陶瓷粉末与Al2O3亚微粉末的复合粉末烧结性能的影响.确定合理的Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2金属陶瓷烧结温度为1450℃.结果表明,质量分数为50%的WC-10Co纳米复合粉末、10%的YSZ纳米陶瓷粉末与和40%的亚微Al2O3粉末的复合粉末经过48h的高能球磨后,再经过1450℃热压烧结,可以得到晶粒尺寸小于1μm的整体性能较好的亚微Al2O3/WC-10Co/ZrO2金属陶瓷,其相对密度为97.5%,断裂韧性为7.4468MPa·m1/2,硬度为HRA 94.0.     

纳米级TiO2添加剂对Al2O3陶瓷微观结构与烧结性能的影响

用微米级和纳米级两种不同的TiO2作为烧结助剂加入Al2O3陶瓷中,研究其对Al2O3陶瓷微观结构和烧结性能的影响.结果表明,纳米TiO2能更好的提高Al2O3陶瓷的烧结活性,降低烧结温度,Al2O3陶瓷在1 600 ℃以下就可致密烧结.另外,纳米TiO2的加入,对Al2O3陶瓷的微观结构也产生影响,加入纳米TiO2的试样其晶粒尺寸比加入微米TiO2的大,TiO2与Al2O3形成固溶体.     

Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的制备及其力学性能

以Al和B2O3为原料,采用高频感应加热方法制备出纯的Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉体,然后在N2保护下1600℃热压烧结2h制备出Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷。采用XRD和SEM技术分别表征了Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉的相和形貌以及Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的相和断口形貌。采用三点弯曲法和压痕法分别测试了Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性。研究结果表明：由于室温下Al-B2O3体系的绝热温度大于1800K,因此可以采用高频感应加热方法点燃Al-B2O3体系,并制备出纯的Al2O3/AlB12/Al复合陶瓷粉体;Al2O3相和AlB12相是分别通过液-液反应机制和液-固反应机制生成;Al2O3/AlB12/AlN复相陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为549.48MPa和5.96MPa·m1/2,分别比纯Al2O3陶瓷的350MPa和4MPa·m1/2高56.99%和49%,这可能是原位反应生成的细小AlN颗粒增强增韧了Al2O3基陶瓷。     

甘氨酸-硝酸盐法合成La1-xSrxCr1-yMnyO3-δ阳极材料及性能研究

用甘氨酸-硝酸盐法合成了La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-δ(LSCM7355)阳极材料。LSCM7355前驱体在1200℃下烧结5h后得到了单一钙钛矿型材料,材料中各元素摩尔比例与设计值吻合较好。1000℃和1200℃烧结5h后,LSCM7355粉体分别为纳米和微米结构。在250～850℃范围内,空气气氛下,LSCM7355的电导率符合小极化子绝热导电机理,其在850℃时为25S/cm。LSCM7355材料在还原气氛下电导率比氧化气氛下低。     

纳米级TiO2添加剂对Al2O3陶瓷微观结构与烧结性能的影响

用微米级和纳米级两种不同的TiO2作为烧结助剂加入Al2O3陶瓷中，研究其对Al2O3陶瓷微观结构和烧结性能的影响。结果表明，纳米TiO2能更好的提高Al2O3陶瓷的烧结活性，降低烧结温度，Al2O3陶瓷在1600℃以下就可致密烧结。另外，纳米TiO2的加入，对Al2O3陶瓷的微观结构也产生影响，加入纳米TiO2的试样其晶粒尺寸比加入微米TiO2的大，TiO2与A12O3形成固溶体。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that