用火焰原子吸收法测定染发剂中的微量铅

本文采用火焰原子吸收法测定染发剂中微量铅，并对染发剂消解方法进行了研究，在测定时加入增敏剂，回收率在95％-105%之间。利用此方法快捷方便，精密度和准确度高，结果令人满意。     

Main pollution sources of central Arctic revealed by lead and its isotopic ratios recorded in snow

The spatial distribution and environmental significance of Pb and its stable isotope ratios in central Arctic snow are discussed. The shear zone is a dividing line. The concentration of Pb in the south section is higher than that of the north section, and in the shear zone it is close to that of sea salt. Anthropogenic Pb by calculation is larger than 99%. Its main sources are polluted air masses origi nation from Europe and the midpart of Russia, as well as the western North America and far east Russia. This is also conformed by 206Pb/ 207Pb.     

越南铜鼓样品铅的富集与铅同位素测定

在对越南80个铜鼓样品和相关铜器以及若干矿样进行成份分析的基础上,对样品进行了铅同位素测定,得出了一批可供进一步研究的实验数据     

中国大鲵(Andrias davidianus)二十四种组织器官的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)初步分析

用酶的原位复性电泳方法分析了中国大鲵二十四种组织器官的碱性磷酸酶。结果表明,二十四种组织器官中都有碱性磷酸酶存在,其中230和200 KD的碱性磷酸酶占优势;不同组织器官的碱性磷酸酶活性有差异,心脏中活性最强,眼球中活性最弱;在同一组织中,230和200 KD的碱性磷酸酶活性也有差异。另外,在肾脏和心脏中还含有一种250 KD的碱性磷酸酶,推测与器官的功能有关。     

牦牛绒衫的缩绒工艺与其服用性能的关系

研究了牦牛绒衫的缩绒工艺与其服用性能的关系 .测试了经不同缩绒工艺处理后的 1 8块小样的面积缩率、顶破强力、保暖率和拉伸弹性恢复率等指标 .统计分析了缩绒工艺参数间关系 ,得到了一些规律 .     

柱面玻碳电极和微型电解池的研制及在血铅测量中的应用

溶出分析的微型电解池是一种具有新型柱面的玻碳旋转电极(CGCRE).通过采用三维定位器调节电解池与电极之间的相对位置,测定了血液中Pb2 的含量.结果表明:该方法具有抗氢波干扰、不受微管路中微小气泡影响,且死体积小,传质速率高;测量精度高(cPb2 =2.0μg/L,n=9);样品用量少,血铅测量仅用10μL血样.     

Nd isotopic disequilibrium between minerals and Rb-Sr age of the secondary phengite in eclogite from the Yangkou area, Qingdao, eastern China

There are two generations of white micas in retrograded coesite-bearing eclogite from the Yangkou area near Qingdao, eastern China. The secondary phengite developed along the folliations in eclogite is the majority of the white micas. Nd and Sr isotopic disequilibriums between garnet and retrograded omphacite as well as secondary phengite have been observed. Consequently, the Rb-Sr ages ((193 ± 4) Ma―(195 ± 4) Ma) given by the tie lines of the secondary phengite + garnet or whole rock may predate the formation time of the phengite. The Rb-Sr age of (183 ± 4) Ma given by the secondary phengite + retrograde omphacite is much closer to the formation time of the phengite indicating the retrograde age of eclogite instead of a cooling age of eclogite at 500℃.     

Noble gas abundances and isotopic compositions in mantle-derived xenoliths, NE China

Following the researches of helium isotopic compositions in mantle-derived xenoliths in eastern China,this study reported noble gas abundances and isotopic compositions of mantle-derived xenoliths from Kuandian of Liaoning Province, Huinan of Jilin Province and Hannuoba of Hebei Province. Compared with the middle ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and other continental areas, mantle-derived xenoliths in NE China are characterized by slightly low noble gas abundances, 3He/4He equivalent to or lower than that of MORB, 40Ar/36Ar lower than that of MORB, 38Ar/36Ar and Ne-Kr-Xe isotopic ratios equivalent to those of atmosphere. These results indicate the heterogeneity of subcontinentai lithospheric mantle beneath northeastern China, that is, a MORB reservoir-like mantle beneath Kuandian and an enriched/metasomatized mantle beneath Huinan. Low 40Ar/36Ar ratios in the three studied areas may imply that a subducted atmospheric component has been preserved in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle.``     

矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷对重金属铅致大鼠肝、肾损伤的保护作用研究

探讨矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷对铅致大鼠肝肾损伤的保护作用。20只雄性SD大鼠随机分成4组,不同剂量花色苷灌服同时腹腔注射铅溶液,连续5 d,末次给药12 h后称重,收集样本。检测血清肝肾功能指标:谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、尿素和肌酐,部分肝肾行常规石蜡包埋、切片,病理学检测。结果表明:Pb暴露造成大鼠肝、肾损伤明显,脏器系数表现明显(P0.05)。保护各组血清ALT、AST、尿素、肌酐呈下降趋势,肝脏水变性、脂肪样变,肝细胞空泡化及肾小管管腔变窄、蛋白管型等病变均有不同程度的好转。研究结果显示矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷对Pb造成的肝肾损伤具有明显的保护作用,具体的机制还有待进一步的研究。     

MtROP8 is involved in root hair development and the establishment of symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti

Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ROP GTPases play important roles in symbiosis, but the molecular mechanisms on their regulation in symbiosis are largely unknown. In this study, we showed that MtROP8 is involved in the symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti. Expression analyses showed that MtROP8 was down-regulated in the early infected roots, but significantly up-regulated in nodules compared to the roots. Phenotypic analysis of RNA inter- ference （RNAi）-mediated silencing of MtROP8 revealed that knock-down of MtROP8 expression resulted in various developmental defects of root hairs, including branched hairs, short bulbous root hairs, and even root hairs with apparent swollen bases, which were caused by the modi- fication of the distribution and the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Moreover, infection events were increased in transgenic roots harboring the MtROP8 RNAi construct in response to S. meliloti inoculation, concomitant with enhanced nodulation. These results indicate that MtROP8 participates in root hair development and the establishmentof the symbiotic interaction by regulating ROS production and distribution.     

白藜芦醇对卵巢切除大鼠动脉血压及升压反应的影响

选用雌性Wistar大鼠,体重214.07±4.85 g,于双侧卵巢切除后分别皮下注射白藜芦醇RES(0.4 mg/kg)和17β-雌二醇EST(1 mg/kg)或等量溶媒芝麻油,以假手术大鼠作为对照.处理21天后,观察去势鼠及RES或EST替代治疗大鼠对血管紧张素Ⅱ、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素的升压反应以及压力感受性反射敏感性的变化.结果发现去势大鼠收缩压(SP)、舒张压(DP)和平均动脉压(MAP)明显升高,但皮下分别注射RES或EST后,SP,DP和MAP明显降低.去势鼠对AngⅡ,NA和Adr升压反应明显减弱,MAP的升高值明显减小.皮下注射RES或EST后,去势鼠对AngⅡ和NA敏感性均有不同程度的恢复,但皮下注射RES后,去势鼠对Adr的反应无明显改善.去势鼠颈动脉窦压力感受性反射的敏感性明显减弱,表现为其升压反射中MAP的升高明显低于假手术大鼠.结果表明去势鼠静息动脉血压升高,对升压剂AngⅡ,NA,Adr和颈动脉窦压力感受性反射的升压反应明显减弱.皮下分别注射EST结构类似物,即植物雌激素RES后,去势鼠对AngⅡ,NA和颈动脉窦压力感受性反射的升压反应与EST相似均有不同程度的恢复.     

CaO-SiO_2-FeO-Cl体系中Zn、Pb挥发物的热力学研究

应用FactSage热力学软件对不同温度下的FeO-CaO-SiO2-Cl体系中Zn、Pb挥发行为进行分析,采用气流携带法对FeO-CaO-SiO2-Cl体系中Zn、Pb挥发物的饱和蒸气压进行测定,并通过试验分析了温度对其体系中Zn、Pb挥发率的影响.结果表明,温度为970～1 030 K条件下FeO-CaO-SiO2-Cl体系中Zn、Pb主要以氯化物形式存在,氯化物的饱和蒸气压均随着温度的升高而增加,且lnP～1/T呈较好的线性关系,其体系中Zn、Pb挥发率亦随着温度的升高而增加.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定鱼腥草西洋参和茯苓中的铅

用硝酸-高氟酸混合酸（4＋1）消化鱼腥草、西洋参和茯芩,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定鱼腥草、西洋参和茯苓中的铅．在选定实验条件下,铅的检出限为0．113ng／mL,相对标准偏差为0．2％．该方法简便、快速、灵敏,对于实际中药样品鱼腥草、西洋参和茯苓的测定得到了满意的结果．     

Nd isotopic characteristics of Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks and constraints on their provenance in the eastern segment of Central Tianshan Belt, Xinjiang

Sm-Nd isotopic characteristics, εNd(t) values and Nd model ages (TDM) of Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the eastern segment of Central Tianshan Belt (ESCTB), Xinjiang, are used to constrain the sedimentary provenance as well as to evaluate their tectonic implications. εNd(t) and TDM values of these samples range from -4.00 to +6.36 and from 1.29 to 2.29 Ga, respectively. These feature values are distinguished from those of Archean Tarim Craton. Their average εNd(t) values of the Weiya, the Kumishi and the south to the Dikar samples are -2.46, +2.06 and +1.37, respectively. Nd model ages of the Weiya samples vary between 1.86 and 2.29 Ga, but those of the Kumishi and the south to the Dikar samples show a significant concentration at 1.6～1.9 Ga and the youngest Nd model age is 1.29 Ga. Those Nd isotopic characteristics suggest that these metasedimentary rocks could be derived from a significant proportion of Paleoproterozoic crustal source and a participation of young arc materials, rather than Archean Tarim Craton. Furthermore, the data also indicate that these two sources were paleogeographically separated. Thus we can deduce that the Kumishi and the south to the Dikar metasedimentary rocks were formed proximal to the arc side of the back-arc basin, but the Weiya metasedimentary rocks were closer to the continental side of the back-arc basin.     

四川乌依铅矿床锗镉元素赋存规律研究及意义

乌依铅矿床矿石矿物以方铅矿为主,含闪锌矿和黄铁矿,偶见黝铜矿,以脉状和网脉状构造为主,以重晶石化和碳酸盐化为主的围岩蚀变。电子探针微区分析表明,镉锗元素主要以类质同象形式赋存于闪锌矿中,闪锌矿中Zn与Cd成正相关,而Zn与Fe呈负消长关系;Cu元素富集在方铅矿中(0.001×10~(-2)~0.083×10~(-2)),而黝铜矿中富集Ag高达1.1%。单矿物方铅矿化学分析表明Pb元素平均含量为84.56%,S元素平均含量为14.24%,Ag含量达到53.3~76.3 g/t,但Ge、Cd含量较低。闪锌矿Zn/Cd500及方铅矿500Zn/Cd50,暗示乌依铅矿床形成于低温环境,与包裹体测温结果基本一致。综合硫、铅同位素,该矿床为典型的密西西比河型铅锌矿床,为该地区寻找相似矿床和元素综合利用提供指导作用。     

Glycerol ether biomarkers and their carbon isotopic compositions in a cold seep carbonate chimney from the Shenhu area,northern South China Sea

At modern cold seeps,the anaerobic oxidation of methane(AOM)is the dominant pathway for methane consumption in marine sediments.AOM,which is mediated by a consortium of methane oxidizing archaea and sulfate reducing bacteria,is proposed to be responsible for authigenic carbonate formation.A methane-derived carbonate chimney was collected from the Shenhu area, northern South China Sea.The membrane lipids and their very low carbon isotopic compositions(?115‰to?104‰)in the Shenhu chimney suggest the presence of an AOM process.Three specific archaeal and bacterial biomarkers were detected,including Ar,DAGE 1f,and monocyclic MDGD.Their strongly depleted??13C values(?115‰to?104‰),which are lower than those of the normal marine lipids in sediments,reveal biogenic methane as their origin.The carbonate deposits exhibiting a chimney structure indicate that a vigorous methane-rich fluid expulsion may have occurred at the seafloor.We propose that the decomposition of gas hydrates at depth is the likely cause of seepage and cold seep carbonate formation in the Shenhu area.     

长期有氧运动对肥胖大鼠血液及肝脏糖脂代谢的影响

将15月龄SD雄性大鼠分为正常对照组(CON)、高脂饮食组(HFD)和高脂饮食运动组(HFD+CE)。实验结束处死后取材,测定各组大鼠空腹血糖(PBG)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、肝脏TG、游离脂肪酸(FFA)及肝糖原(LG)浓度,空腹胰岛素水平(FINS)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果显示:与CON组相比,HFD组大鼠HDL-C、LG显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),PBG无显著性变化(P>0.05),TG、FINS、HOMA-IR均显著升高(P<0.05),血清TC、LDL-C、L-TG、L-FFA升高极显著(P<0.01);与HFD组相比,HFD+CE组大鼠HDL-C升高极显著(P<0.01),TC、PBG无显著变化(P>0.05),LG、L-TG、FINS、HOMA-IR均显著下降(P<0.05),LDL-C、L-FFA降低极显著(P<0.01)。结论:长期有氧运动对高脂诱导的肥胖大鼠具有明显降脂作用,并能降低血清胰岛素水平,改善胰岛素抵抗和肝脏糖脂代谢紊乱。     

也论恩格斯与马克思哲学思想的差异——读《提纲》、《终结》和俞吾金的《差异》

俞吾金先生的《论恩格斯与马克思哲学思想的差异—从<终结>和<提纲>的比较看》一文实际上将马恩的哲学思想对立起来,该文认为这种对立有待商榷。由于所要解决的问题等的不同,《提纲》和《终结》在形式和内容等方面有差异是理所当然的,二者的根本观点是一致的。     

冀北赤城红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩的黑云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

探讨冀北赤城红旗营子群是否经历了印支期的构造热事件。通过对冀北赤城红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩样品进行的黑云母40 Ar/39 Ar年龄测定,获得其坪年龄和等时线年龄分别为(238.63±1.44)Ma和(238.77±1.71)Ma,两者基本一致。此年龄数据是黑云斜长片麻岩在晚古生代角闪岩相区域变质作用之后所经历印支期构造热事件的记录。综合分析冀北岩浆作用及其地质年代学特征,认为它可能与区域上同时期的酸性岩浆活动有关,是后者为此次构造热事件提供了必要的热源。