芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗328例晚期癌症重度疼痛

目的:观察芬太尼透皮贴剂 (多瑞吉) 在晚期重度癌痛病人中的镇痛疗效,不良反应及对生活质量的影响.方法:选择 328 例晚期重度癌痛患者,给予芬太尼透皮贴剂,每3天更换一次贴剂,根据病情酌情调整剂量,记录治疗前后的疼痛强度、生活质量评分和用药中的不良反应.结果:芬太尼贴剂使用后,疼痛缓解有效率达89.3%,不良反应发生率32.3%,大多数患者能耐受,患者生活质量明显改善.结论:芬太尼治疗晚期癌症患者重度疼痛的止痛作用强,不良反应轻微,应用方便,且可明显改善癌痛患者生活质量.     

癌痛及其处理对癌症患者生存质量的影响

目的 :探讨癌痛及其处理对癌症患者生存质量的影响。方法 :对 4 8例癌痛患者采用线段分级法(VAS)和 KPS评分法于治疗前后进行评估。结果 :无论是轻度、中度还是重度疼痛 ,均严重影响患者的日常生活、情绪、行走能力、工作、睡眠 ,且随着疼痛程度的加重 ,影响也逐渐加深 ;经三阶梯止痛法治疗后生存质量明显提高 ,治疗前后比较有显著的差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :疼痛是影响癌症患者生存质量的一个重要因素 ,对癌痛患者应给予必要的止痛治疗 ,以提高患者的生存质量     

我国癌症疼痛现状及治疗进展

为了全面、客观的掌握目前我国癌症患者疼痛现状,进一步贯彻和落实“癌症病人三级止痛阶梯治疗”工作,提高癌症患者生存质量,卫生部于１９９７年在全国范围内开展了一次癌症患者疼痛现状调查,我省也列在其中。１调查内容癌症患者疼痛情况及疼痛严重程度;临床癌痛治疗方法与治疗效果的评价;目前临床上未能有效贯彻“癌症三级止痛治疗”的可能因素。２调查结果在１５５５份问卷中,发生过与癌症相关疼痛者９５８例,癌痛发生率占６１．６０％。在癌痛原因的调查中,肿瘤的进行性发展（如压迫、浸润和转移）占８５．１％（８２３／９６７…     

射频热凝毁损丘脑中央中核治疗73例癌性顽痛及护理体会

目的:探讨立体定向射频热凝毁损丘脑中央中核治疗癌性顽痛的镇痛效果及围手术期护理措施。方法:收集73例癌痛患者治疗前后的疼痛评分和Hamilton抑郁(HAMD)评分,并进行统计学分析;回顾总结护理注意事项。结果:本组患者术后立即取得止痛效果,停用止痛药物,有25例患者术后3个月内疼痛有不同程度的复发。治疗前疼痛评分平均为7.96±0.97(重度疼痛),治疗后疼痛评分平均为1.81±0.59(轻度疼痛),两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前HAMD评分平均为25.03±4.15(重度抑郁),治疗后HAMD评分平均为12.16±4.28(轻度抑郁),两者差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:立体定向射频热凝治疗癌痛镇痛效果肯定;完善的护理对患者顺利完成治疗非常重要。     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗126例癌痛临床观察

目的:观察芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗癌痛的疗效、不良反应。方法:对126例癌痛患者分为中度疼痛组和重度疼痛组,均用芬太尼贴剂进行止痛治疗,观察疗效、不良反应、生活质量评分变化,进行记录归纳。结果:126例癌痛均有不同程度的缓解,其中中度疼痛组的CR率为57.0%,重度疼痛组的CR率为54.5%,差异具有统计学意义。不良反应有头晕、便秘、恶心、嗜睡、皮肤瘙痒等,未出现严重不良反应。结论:芬太尼透皮贴剂在临床应用中,使用方便、效果明显、不良反应小。     

全程优质护理在重离子放射治疗胰腺癌患者中的应用效果

探究与分析全程优质护理在重离子放射治疗胰腺癌患者中的临床应用。对2020年1月—2021年1月期间武威肿瘤医院重离子中心住院的23例胰腺癌患者重离子放疗期间实施全程优质护理,采用数字疼痛程度分级法（NRS）比较重离子治疗前后癌性疼痛程度,采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）及抑郁自评量表（SDS）对患者护理前后的负性情绪进行评价,采用身体状况评分（KPS）和EORTC生命质量测定量表（EORTC QLQ-C30）比较入院时和出院时生活质量。本组患者平均住院21.2 d,治疗后患者NRS评分显著减低,癌痛症状较治疗前明显改善（P<0.05）。入院后经过护理人员心理干预及健康宣教,焦虑、抑郁、烦躁、失眠等负性情绪和心理负担好转。焦虑和抑郁自评评分较入院显著降低(P<0.05),身体状况和生活质量各评分高于入院时(P<0.05)。将全程优质护理应用于重离子治疗胰腺癌中可明显改善患者焦虑抑郁情绪,提高生活质量,有效缓解患者癌痛,值得临床推广应用。     

程序化疼痛护理对改善鼻咽癌放疗患者疼痛程度及生活质量的效果观察

观察程序化疼痛护理对改善鼻咽癌放疗患者疼痛程度及生活质量的临床效果。选取甘肃省天水市第四人民医院收治鼻咽癌放疗患者84例,运用随机数字表法划分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组采用程序化疼痛护理方法,比较两组患者的疼痛程度及生活质量评分。经护理后,观察组不同放疗阶段疼痛评分显著低于对照组(P0.05);观察组在生理健康,社会/家庭健康,情绪稳定,功能健全,头颈肿瘤附加以及总评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。程序化疼痛护理可以减轻鼻咽癌放疗患者疼痛感,提高生活质量。     

Orem自理理论在颈椎骨折患者手术术后护理中的应用

探讨Orem自理理论在颈椎骨折患者手术术后护理中的应用及对患者QOL评分的影响。选取2016年1月～2019年1月在院接受治疗的100例颈椎骨折手术患者,作为研究对象。将患者分为A组与B组,其中A组49例患者接受骨折手术后,采用常规护理方法;B组51患者骨折手术后在A组常规护理基础之上应用Orem自理理论。A组患者术后治疗前QOL生活质量评分(16.15±1.13分)与B组治疗前QOL生活质量评分(16.29±3.94分)比较,无明显差异(P0.05)。A组患者术后治疗6个月后QOL生活质量评分(38.17±0.66分)显著低于B组患者6个月QOL生活质量评分(58.11±0.87分),组间比较存在显著差异(P0.05),统计有学意义。A组患者总的并发症发生率为18.37%显著高于B组总的并发症发生率1.96%,组间比较存在差异(P0.05),统计学有意义。A组术后10 d VAS疼痛评分轻度1例、中度42例、重度6例与B组术后10 d VAS疼痛评分轻度45例、中度6例、重度0例相比,组间比较存在差异(P0.05),统计学有意义。A组患者护理满意度(69.39%)显著低于B组护理满意度(98.04%),组间比较存在显著差异(P0.05),统计学有意义。Orem自理理论在颈椎骨折患者手术术后护理中的应用,能够提高患者QOL评分,降低患者身体疼痛程度,增强患者自护能力,提高患者的满意度,临床相关领域,值得广泛推广与应用。     

癌痛的评估及护理

癌痛是癌症患者最常见的伴随症状之一,晚期癌症患者中有60%～90%有不同程度的疼痛,这不仅给癌症患者的生理带来不适,并且对精神、心理等方面也产生了不同程度的影响,进而影响了患者的生命和生存质量。为了减轻癌症患者的疼痛,提高对癌病的治疗效果,对癌症患者的疼痛评估及止痛护理尤为重要。     

桃红四物汤加味治疗骨转移癌痛的临床研究

观察了桃红四物汤减轻骨转移癌痛患者疼痛的疗效。将50例骨转移癌痛患者随机分为试验组及对照组各25例,试验组应用桃红四物汤加味联合氨酚羟考酮片,对照组应用氨酚羟考酮片。治疗7 d后采用NRS、Kps和PSQI量表进行评分。结果试验组治疗前NRS、Kps和PSQI量表评分分别为6.80±1.35、53.20±9.67、15.92±1.91;治疗后NRS、Kps和PSQI量表评分分别为2.60±1.26、85.00±7.91、5.92±1.98;对照组治疗前NRS、Kps和PSQI量表评分分别为6.88±1.39、52.60±9.59、15.84±1.72;治疗后NRS、Kps和PSQI量表评分分别为3.52±1.12、76.40±7.97、8.04±1.74,治疗后两组有显著性差异。说明桃红四物汤加味治疗骨转移癌痛疗效确切,能提高患者的生活质量,显著改善患者睡眠。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with