基于ANSYS的桥梁结构颤振时域重启动迭代法

为了简化桥梁结构颤振时域分析、提高计算效率,以结构自激力脉冲响应函数表达式为基础,基于ANSYS软件的重启动技术,提出了桥梁结构颤振时域计算的重启动迭代方法.分别对具有理想平板截面的简支梁和半漂浮体系斜拉桥灌河大桥进行颤振时域分析来验证该方法的有效性.结果表明:重启动迭代计算方法所获得的结构颤振临界响应与理论解吻合良好,且计算结果对于时间步长的选取没有依赖性,该方法能够真实反应所有参与模态的振动响应,可应用于实桥的颤振时域分析中.     

桥梁三维颤振分析的状态空间法

本文将结构-气流作为一个系统处理,建立了桥梁三维颤振分析的状态空间法。这一方法,克服了以往理论的局限性,适用于各种复杂的桥梁结构与各种非均匀的风速场,不仅计算工作量较少,而且能够提供在整个亚临界区直至临界区结构动力特性随风速而变化的信息及其颤振形态。这一方法的建立,解决了各种复杂桥梁的颤振分析问题,对桥梁颤振特性与抗风设计方法的研究提供了有效的工具。     

大跨自锚式悬索桥颤振稳定性的敏感性分析

基于桥梁多振型耦合的气弹性理论,建立了基于特征值问题的气动参数敏感性分析方法,并结合目前国内最大跨度的独塔和双塔自锚式悬索桥的风洞试验资料,分别探讨截面形状、气动阻尼、模态耦合、颤振导数等对桥梁气动性能的影响.分析结果表明:对于具有扁平流线型钢箱梁的自锚式悬索桥,其颤振临界风速的计算结果比较接近于薄平板,且绝大部分能量都集中到扭转振型上,表明对颤振发生起主导作用的是扭转模态;结构阻尼的增加在一定范围内对抑制结构响应所起的作用明显.以上特点表明自锚式悬索桥的空气动力性能与斜拉桥更为接近.     

桥梁结构颤振稳定的概率性评价

在对现有桥梁颤振检验方法简要评述的基础上,提出了以我国抗风设计指南为基础的设计风速效应模型、临界风速抗力模型和颤振稳定极限状态,运用一次二阶矩理论的中心点法和验算点法建立了基于实验加理论方法的桥梁颤振稳定的概率性分析方法,并对上海杨浦大桥和江阴长江大桥进行了颤振稳定的概率性评价桥梁结构颤振稳定的概率性评价@葛耀君@项海帆     

考虑几何非线性的桥梁后颤振极限环特性

根据桥梁断面的试验颤振导数,采用阶跃函数模拟了自激力的时域表达式,并推导了便于时域分析的自激力递推公式.采用APDL语言编制了颤振时域分析的程序并在ANSYS中实现.时域分析表明,几何非线性效应对桥梁颤振临界状态影响甚微,而对其后颤振性能影响很大.线性理论揭示的后颤振响应是一种典型的发散现象,而计入几何非线性效应后,后颤振响应最终演变为小振幅的极限环振动(LCO).此外,能量分析表明,线性发散振动的结构储能不断增加,而考虑几何非线性时,结构储能维持在一个较低水平(LCO状态).相比线性发散造成的灾难性毁灭而言,LCO只会对结构产生累积损伤;鉴于此,还需要综合考虑材料的强度及疲劳特性等因素,才能进一步评估桥梁结构的安全性与稳定性.     

基于TMDI的大跨度桥梁颤振控制理论研究

为解决传统调谐质量阻尼器（Tuned Mass Dampers， TMD）在低频大跨度桥梁中静位移过大的问题，提出采用调谐质量惯容阻尼器（Tuned Mass Damper Inerter， TMDI）提高大跨度桥梁的颤振临界风速. 提出了一种适用于桥梁颤振控制的TMDI布置形式，并基于二维耦合颤振理论，建立桥梁-TMDI系统运动微分方程，进而导出系数多项式特征方程. 根据劳斯-赫尔维茨稳定性判据，计算颤振临界风速. 以具有理想平板断面的简支梁为例，分析TMDI在桥梁颤振控制方面的有效性，并探讨了TMDI各参数设置对颤振控制的影响. 研究结果表明，TMDI可以有效提高桥梁颤振临界风速. 与传统TMD相比，虽然引入惯容可能会稍微削弱其控制效果，但却可以大幅降低质量块静位移，从而在实际工程中具有更高的实用价值.     

静风效应对千米级悬索桥颤振的影响

在状态空间法的基础上,提出考虑静风效应的三维颤振分析方法.以驸马大桥为工程背景,采用自由振动法识别攻角从0°到6°主梁断面的颤振导数,在考虑非线性静风引起的主梁附加攻角效应以及结构动力特性变化的基础上,运用状态空间法对大桥进行三维颤振分析.结果表明:附加攻角对颤振导数有明显的影响;在颤振临界点,静风效应会使主梁附加攻角增大、结构动力特性降低;3°攻角下考虑静风效应,桥梁的颤振临界风速会降低14%.     

大跨度流线型箱梁悬索桥颤振稳定性气动优化

以主跨为1 660 m流线型箱梁悬索桥为工程依托,采用风洞试验和CFD数值模拟相结合的方法对影响大跨度悬索桥颤振稳定性的主要因素(主缆空间形式、主梁气动外形和中央稳定板高度)进行了研究,并对气动控制措施机理进行了探讨.结果表明:主缆布置形式对桥梁结构颤振临界风速的影响主要表现为主缆布置形式导致桥梁结构扭转频率的改变,从而影响桥梁结构颤振临界风速;适当增加主梁断面宽高比可有效提高桥梁结构颤振临界风速;设置合适高度的中央稳定板可有效提高带水平分离板的流线型箱梁断面颤振临界风速.中央稳定板附近产生的涡会引起主梁断面竖向气动力增加,导致主梁断面竖向运动参与程度提高,抑制了主梁断面扭转运动,从而提高了流线型箱梁断面颤振稳定性.     

间断型三向TMD桥梁颤振控制

为了控制桥梁结构风致振动,提出了间断型三向调谐质量阻尼器(TMD)的概念,旨在提高桥梁结构的颤振临界风速,并提出了间断型三向TMD控制系统及其相应的理论和计算方法.间断型三向TMD能同时控制桥梁结构横向、竖向和扭转三个方向的风致振动.通过最优控制理论计算得出系统的最优参数,通过风洞试验和Ansys软件模拟计算,得到重要结论:参数合理的间断型三向TMD系统能显著提高桥梁结构颤振临界风速.     

大跨径自锚式悬索桥气动参数的敏感性分析

基于桥梁多振型耦合的气弹性理论,建立了基于特征值问题的气动参数敏感性分析方法,并结合目前国内最大跨度的独塔和双塔自锚式悬索桥的风洞试验资料,分别探讨截面形状、气动阻尼、模态耦合、颤振导数、施工过程等对桥梁气动性能的影响.主要的分析结果表明:对于具有扁平流线型钢箱梁的自锚式悬索桥,其颤振临界风速的计算结果比较接近于薄平板,且绝大部分能量都集中到扭转振型上,表明对颤振发生时起主导作用的是扭转模态;结构阻尼的增加在一定范围内对抑制结构响应所起的作用明显;加劲梁的侧向摇摆运动对其竖向响应的影响非常显著.这些特点均表明此类自锚式悬索桥的空气动力性能与斜拉桥更为接近.图3,表4,参9.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-