提高初中数学课堂教学的有效性

教师的课堂教学管理能力对课堂教学的有效性产生重要影响，新时期对教师的课堂教学管理能力提出了新的要求。一个具有较强课堂教学管理能力的教师，往往能够更好的提升课堂教学的有效性。     

加强教学反思 促进教师成长

当前，教学改革普遍认同的两个观点是：教师是教学改革的关键；教学改革最终发生在课堂上。因此，加强教师培训、促进教师成长，改革课堂教学、让课堂教学充满生机与活力就成为教学改革与发展的主题。教学反思为教师的成长提供了一条极为重要的途径。其实，教师的成长过程就是在课堂教学实践中不断总结经验、捕捉问题、反思实践的过程。当前，教学改革普遍认同的两个观点是：教师是教学改革的关键；教学改革最终发生在课堂上。因此，加强教师培训、促进教师成长，改革课堂教学、让课堂教学充满生机与活力就成为教学改革与发展的主题。教学反思为教师的成长提供了一条极为重要的途径。其实，教师的成长过程就是在课堂教学实践中不断总结经验、捕捉问题、反思实践的过程。     

合理运用教师话语培养学生交际能力

外语课堂教学是学习者习得第二语言的重要环节，教师话语是组织课堂教学、培养学生交际能力的关键。通过探讨教师话语在外语课堂教学中的重要作用，分析教师话语使用的现状，进而提出改进教师话语的对策思路。     

高职课堂教学刍议

课堂教学的两个核心要素是教师和学生，教师决定着课堂教学质量、学生决定着课堂教学效果．本文探讨如何提高课堂教学质量以取得较好的教学效果。     

对课堂教学风格的再认识

课堂教学风格是教师在长期的课堂教学实践中逐步形成，并通过较完善的课堂教学活动在课堂教学的技能与技巧、方式与方法及作风等方面稳定地、综合地表现出来的课堂教学特点与风貌，它体现着教师个人一贯的教学心理品质，是教师劳动个性化的最高境界。本文从课堂教学风格的基本要素、类型、形成以及对教学工作的影响等方面作了：系统的分析。     

有效课堂教学管理策略刍议

课堂作为教学的基本场所，其蕴藏着复杂多变的结构、情境与互动。有效的课堂教学不在于教师教了多少，而在于学生学到多少。要实现有效课堂教学，就需要有效的课堂教学管理。课堂教学管理主要的目的是协调、控制、整合各种教学因素及其关系，使之形成一个有序的整体，从而保证课堂教学活动的顺利进行。有效课堂教学管理是提高教师课堂教学效率与育人质量的重要保证。     

定性与定量相结合,科学地进行课堂教学评价

课堂教学是教学工作的主渠道，课堂教学的质量直接影响着教学质量。因此，各级各类学校均对教师的课堂教学给予足够的重视。“优质课评选”、“青年教师课堂教学优秀奖”等活动频繁地出现在大学校园，也是学校改革中引入竞争机制、优化环境、培养和选拔优秀人才的良好举措。科学地评价课堂教学，可以评价教学质量，促进课程建设，促进教学管理的改进；可以促进教与学双方的提高和进步，为教师提供教学反馈信息，促使教师教学观念和教学方法的改革，增加教师对教学工作的投入，迅速地提高教学质量，如何科学地进行课堂教学评价，自然成为教学…     

因势利“导” 优化教学

正确认识教师的主导作用、有效发挥教师的主导作用，是优化课堂教学，提高教学质量的一个重要关键。那么课堂教学中，教师究竟在何处，应如何有效地施导？结合实践谈谈我的作法和体会。     

小学语文课堂教学评价标准的重构

“小学语文课堂教学评价标准”，以《全日制义务教育小学语文新课程标准》为准则，用建构主义教育思想为理论支撑，将课堂教学分为教师教学设计、课堂教学活动、教师反思三大方面十一个要素，捕捉课堂动态信息，采取定性和定量相结合的方法，通过评价者、教师、学生的多元评价实现对课堂教学客观、科学、准确的评价。     

课堂教学中教师情绪的自我调控

教师的情绪是否饱满，奠定了课堂教学是否成功的基调。一节高效的课堂，教师必须要有平和的心境，有爱护、包容学生的态度以及稳妥处理生成的睿智。但由于环境、事物的影响，教育对象的复杂多变，难免给教师带来惊慌、烦躁、抑郁、兴奋等种种消极情绪反应。如果把这种消极情绪带入课堂，将严重影响课堂教学的效果，降低课堂教学质量。因此教师需要克服消极情绪，培养自我调控能力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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