利用断前γ射线多重性提取核耗散的形变关系

在动力学加统计模型的框架内,采用两种不同坐标关系的核摩擦,对3个热核的断前γ射线多重性进行模拟,在裂变两阶段内通过对γ射线多重性大小的比较,来提取核耗散的形变关系.研究表明,裂变驱动力和核摩擦间的竞争控制断前γ射线的发射,而鞍点的位置则直接影响断前γ射线多重性在两阶段的分布.与断前中子多重性相比,断前γ射线多重性对核摩擦的形变关系更敏感,更适合用来作为提取核耗散形变关系的探针.     

快中子核次临界的多群蒙特卡罗计算

给出了用多群蒙特卡罗方法计算核裂变系统有效增殖因子、中子通量能谱和啊子泄漏谱等的方法,对球快中子核裂变系统进行了多群蒙特卡罗次临界计算。以连续光滑曲线的形式给出了中子通量能谱和泄漏谱,谱图清晰地显示了符合中子输运规律的精细情况。     

非谐位垒对核裂变速率的影响

用试验粒子多次通过位垒方法计算重核在鞍点处的裂变速率,其结果明显低于以往所用首次通过位垒方法计算的值,更接近于断点处的裂变速率.给出了这两种量的正确描述,并进一步应用多次通过位垒的方法讨论了鞍点后势垒的非谐形式对于核裂变速率的影响.研究表明,鞍点后的动力学过程对于裂变速率的影响是不容忽视的.     

耦合试验粒子反复多次通过位垒方法研究重核裂变

近年来,Langevin方程在合理解释复合核裂变几率方面得到了广泛的应用,定义在鞍点处的试验粒子反复多次通过位垒的数值模拟方法可以较好地描述热位垒通过问题,对鞍点的裂变速率给出的结果更合理。可以更好的描述原子核的裂变现象。在以往的工作中,人们都是利用一个试验粒子反复多次通过鞍点的过程来模拟热核裂变,而实际的裂变是极其复杂的过程,会有很多的影响因素,为了考虑复合核形变等问题的影响,利用耦合的试验粒子反复多次通过鞍点模拟热核裂变,以期考虑较多因素对核裂变的影响,并且和之前的计算结果进行比较,给出更为合理可信的复合核裂变速率。     

中子诱发锕系元素裂变的宏观-微观理论研究

宏观-微观模型是核裂变机制理论研究的主要途径之一,是有希望可以很好诠释实验并与实验结果进行定量比较的理论方法.本文综述了在中子诱发锕系元素裂变的宏观-微观理论研究的主要进展.通过开展宏观-微观模型研究,实现了基于五维形变参量的势能曲面的真实计算,利用先进的搜索算法研究获得了核裂变路径、鞍点构型等势能曲面结构信息.基于五维势能曲面上的裂变动力学研究,实现了对主要锕系元素的裂变碎片质量分布数据的理论描述.     

T(d,n)~4He反应的中子能谱的测量和模拟计算

本文描述用飞行时间谱仪对T(d,n)~4He反应的α关联中子能谱和角分布的测量,以及介绍对这些中子能谱的蒙特卡罗模拟。在计算中考虑了氘在氚-钛靶的多次散射。对发射中子谱自寺和关联中子平均能量的计算结果分别与Pavlik等人的计算结果和我们的实验结果很好地符合。     

在中子诱导的核反应中5He发射的可能性

目前在广泛应用的核反应统计理论模型计算程序中从来没有考虑到非稳定核⁵He的发射, 这些程序是用来解释实验数据和评价核数据的有用工具. 然而, 对从轻核到重核所计算的⁵He发射阈能结果可以看出, 在大多数情况下, 入射中子形成的复合核发射⁵He比发射³He要容易. 由于⁵He是非稳定核, 它自发分裂为一个中子和一个α粒子, 因此, 在⁵He的发射过程中总是伴随中子的产生. 建立了⁵He发射后两体崩裂过程中产生的中子和α粒子的双微分截面计算公式表示. 因为⁵He发射存在比较强的核反冲效应, 为满足核工程需要, 核反应能量平衡被严格考虑. 提出了对于统计理论模型计算程序在该方面的改进建议. 另外, 期待同时测量5He发射中产生的中子和α粒子的关联测量实验的实现, 以证实⁵He发射机制的存在.     

250MeV以下能区中重核能谱和双微分截面的计算方法

给出了在中能区(≤250 MeV)多次粒子发射过程中计算6种出射轻粒子(n,P,a,d,t,3He)及各种 反冲核之能谱和双微分截面的方法.对p+208Pb反应给出了发射中子能谱和双微分截面的部分计算结果与实验数据的比较.     

位垒构形改变对带电轻粒子发射的影响

将曲率能和压缩能引入到裂变位垒的计算中,结合考虑了曲率能贡献的能级密度参数,我们得到了改进的动力学加统计模型.相比于原模型,裂变位垒构形发生了改变.从这个角度,笔者研究了引入曲率能和压缩能影响断前粒子发射的效应,与发射位垒降低增强断前粒子发射的效应相作用,使断前质子和断前α粒子在基态到鞍点间出现了不同的发射规律.两种效应同时增强了鞍点到断点间的断前粒子发射.     

天然锡中子反应数据的评价和理论计算

对天然锡中子反应的实验数据进行评价，并用光学模型（ＯＰＭ）、带宽度涨落修正的豪泽－费许巴哈理论（ＷＨＦ）以及平衡前发射的蒸发模型（ＰＥＭ），计算了入射能量为１～２０ＭｅＶ的中子与锡核相互作用的反应数据．计算结果与评价实验值符合较好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-