德国机械传动教材简析

为促进我国高校机械传动教材的建设，文章就德国机械传动教材的历史沿革，在从其内容范围、教材名称及主要特点进行分析的基础上，指出德国机械传动教材的内涵主要是解决机械中有关运动的问题；其共同特点是强调系统讲授并重视图解法，强调工程应用，使用简单有效的数学和计算机语言工具来解决问题；教材中很少含有习题,一般另配习题教材或各校自编的习题讲义；在授课时，理论课与习题课在时间上可达到1：1配置。德国没有统一的该课程教学大纲，所以各种教材在内容配置和编排方面有较大的区别，体现出教材的系统性与灵活性。     

基于SEC模型的初中数学教材习题与课程标准的一致性研究——以人教版和北师大版的“方程与不等式”内容为例

采用SEC一致性分析模型，以人教版、北师大版初中数学教材中“方程与不等式”内容的习题和《义务教育数学课程标准(2022年版)》为研究对象进行一致性分析.研究发现：人教版和北师大版的“方程与不等式”习题与数学课程标准“方程与不等式”内容的一致性较弱；在内容主题上，两版教材习题关于“方程与不等式的相关性质”的题量都较少；在认知水平上，两版教材习题考查水平均高于课程标准的要求.基于此，建议教材习题编写过程中应加强教材习题与课程标准的一致性，以使教材习题与课程标准更加契合，精准把控方向，落实“双减”政策要求.     

结合教材特点,灵活运用启发式教学

１　现行初中数学教材的特点现行初中数学教材与传统教材相比有显著的特点－在体例上每章开头都有引言,每节开头都用方框显著地标出本节的教学目标与具体要求,每章后面都配有一套自测题,书后还附有部分习题的答案－在内容上这套教材的知识结构依次为“入门”、“重点知识”、“综合知识”－知识由浅入深,内容安排重点突出层次分明,鲜明地体现了义务教育的性质－是一部适应全体初中学生使用的好教材－一部好教材必须辅之恰当的教学方法,才能取得良好的教学效果,达到预期的教学目的－课堂教学是现阶段班级授课制的主要形式,应该用什么…     

高中数学复习应注重的两种方法

一、系统复习高三教材及总结数学思想与方法 系统复习教材。教师归纳知识体系是单元复习的重点。要提高复习效果，掌握复习教材的方法。对教材要有正确认识，万丈高楼平地起，学会把教材“由厚变薄”，强调“给知识演电影”，建立学科知识体系，漫无边际地看教材意义不大，复习教材的方法是“看目录—想内容—去翻书—作练习”，尤其是教材中“总复习参考题”的内容，经常有高考题的基础题，是它们的引伸、变形、拓宽；挖掘典型例题、练习题，把握学科思想方法；学习“由厚变薄”到“由薄变厚”是质的飞跃。     

编写教材《数字逻辑与数字系统实验》过程中的几点改革尝试与体会

介绍了编写《数字逻辑与数字系统实验》教材过程中的指导思想、内容尝试和主要特点.强调在不增加课时的前提下,数字电子技术可以兼顾传统中小规模器件和可编程逻辑器件的学习;强调用原理图方法代替硬件描述语言方法,可以提高学习电子系统设计的时效性;强调实现完整数字系统设计的学习在培养学生工程素质过程中的重要意义.     

香港与内地高中化学教材的比较——以“原子结构”内容为例

通过香港现行高中化学教材和内地高中选修教材关于“原子结构”相关内容的比较，从教材的内容组织，牲目设置，图表成分、课后习题等方面分析了两地教材各自的煽写特点，为两地的课程教材改革和创新提供借鉴和参考。     

中、日高中数学教材“统计”习题难度比较研究

通过构建统计习题难度测量模型,对中国和日本两个国家现行高中数学教材中"统计"习题进行比较研究.研究发现:日本教材统计部分的习题在"运算"水平上显著高于我国,在"知识综合"因素上略占优势;我国教材则在"习题背景""与例题关联程度"这两个难度影响因素上远高于日本教材;在"习题类型"因素上,二者差别不很明显.     

初高中物理教学衔接初探(摘要)

1初、高中物理教学台阶的种种表现（1）教材台阶：初中教材难度小，趣味浓，定性分析多，形象具体易于接受；高中教材内容多，难度大，重视理论分析，定量研究多，数学知识的应用明显加强与提高。（2）教学方法台阶：初中教材内容浅，难度小，教学进度相对较慢，习题类型少，变化也不多；高中在实行会考制度后，必修教材在内容和难度上虽然有所删减，但教学时间缩短一年，故教学进行相对加快，习题多，且复杂多变。（3）学习方法台阶：初中学生跟着教师转的较多，死记硬背教师布置的内容。高中强调独立思考、分析推理、综合应用。（4）思维…     

加拿大10年级物理课程与人教版高一物理必修1内容的比较研究

教材作为教学内容的载体,是教与学的重要依据,故教材的内容直接影响教师的教学效果。该文采用案例分析、对比分析等方法,对人教版高中物理必修1和加拿大10年级高中物理教材在插图、栏目、习题等方面进行比较。希望通过对比两套教科书能够对国内教材改革有一定的参考价值。     

上好解析几何习题课 培养学生创新能力

本文在精讲教材的基础上,让学生进行复习巩固,布置习题,要求课后复习,提出复习要求,在批改作业之后,针对问题进行讲评习题,讲评的重点是：1、纠正由概念理解的错误而引起的解题错误;2、点名推荐学生中好的解法,以调动学生的积极性;3、介绍解题技巧;4、对本章内容进行小结,并通过具体的实例加以说明,加深同学对所学内容的掌握和理解,培养同学们分析问题和解决问题的能力,以启发同学们的创新能力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that