Template-imprinted nanostructured surfaces for protein recognition

Synthetic materials capable of selectively recognizing proteins are important in separations, biosensors and the development of biomedical materials. The technique of molecular imprinting creates specific recognition sites in polymers by using template molecules. Molecular recognition is attributed to binding sites that complement molecules in size, shape and chemical functionality. But attempts to imprint proteins have met with only limited success. Here we report a method for imprinting surfaces with protein-recognition sites. We use radio-frequency glow-discharge plasma deposition to form polymeric thin films around proteins coated with disaccharide molecules. The disaccharides become covalently attached to the polymer film, creating polysaccharide-like cavities that exhibit highly selective recognition for a variety of template proteins, including albumin, immunoglobulin G, lysozyme, ribonuclease and streptavidin. Direct imaging of template recognition is achieved by patterning a surface at the micrometre scale with imprinted regions.     

同义密码子用语与蛋白质二级结构信息

对人体117个蛋白质和大肠杆菌的185个蛋白质的各二级结构相对应的mRNA序列中的同义密码子与氨基酸上下文关联熵、蛋白质序列中氨基酸与氨基酸上下文关联熵作了统计分析，发现密码子关联确实比氨基酸关联对蛋白质二级结构提供的信息量大，而且人蛋白质中同义密码子提供的二级结构信息比大肠杆菌中多．同时，证明了在相对信息剩余大于等于30％的情况下，Adzhubei给出的九种氨基酸中的八种其同义密码子在某些二级结构中明显的携带结构信息；此外A，N，D，R，H，C，Y这几种氨基酸的同义密码子在某些二级结构中也明显地携带结构信息．     

加权合成的嵌入式隐Markov模型人脸识别

嵌入式隐Markov模型能提取人脸的二维主要特征并对姿态和环境的变化具有较好鲁棒性，讨论了嵌入式隐Markov模型的进一步改进及其实现，首先分析了形成观察向量的采样窗大小和其二维DCT系数项数的不同对人脸识别结果的影响，然后确定最优的采样窗大小和其二维DCT系数项数，鉴于不同角度的照片包含信息量的不同，提出了一种加权合成的模型参数重估算法，重估模型参数时，首先计算每幅脸像相对应的模型参数，然后进行加权合并，权值由迭代公式求得，训练结束后用一个合成 的模型来表示一个对象。采用基于该方法的原型系统对ORL人脸库进行测试，识别正确率达到了99.5%。     

基于假设检验的SAR图像机场跑道自动识别

针对复杂条件下合成孔径雷达图像中机场目标自动检测识别问题,提出了一种基于假设检验的机场跑道自动识别算法,利用雷达图像中跑道灰度特性和结构知识,通过迭代分割和形态学滤波提取感兴趣区域,抑制具有类似灰度特性的水域对跑道线检测的影响,并结合Hough变换和线段跟踪连接提取候选跑道,最后采用假设检验方法对机场跑道进行识别.试验结果表明该方法可快速有效地检测识别复杂背景下低分辨率、低信噪比合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像中的机场跑道.     

The synthesis of a fluorescent chemosensor containing two thiourea groups and its recognition behavior for dicarboxylate anions

A novel anion receptor 2 bearing anthracene flurophore and thiourea was synthesized and identified by ^1H NMR,MS,IR and elemental analysis. The interaction between receptor 2 and various α,ω-dicarboxylate anions was studied by fluorescence spectrum. The obtained fluorescence data indicate that 1：1 stoichiometry complex is formed between receptor 2 with diferent dicarboxylate anions through a hydrogen-bonging interaction. The selectivity of 2 for recognition of different dicarboxylates deponds on chain length of the anionic species.     

Visualization of release factor 3 on the ribosome during termination of protein synthesis

Termination of protein synthesis by the ribosome requires two release factor (RF) classes. The class II RF3 is a GTPase that removes class I RFs (RF1 or RF2) from the ribosome after release of the nascent polypeptide. RF3 in the GDP state binds to the ribosomal class I RF complex, followed by an exchange of GDP for GTP and release of the class I RF. As GTP hydrolysis triggers release of RF3 (ref. 4), we trapped RF3 on Escherichia coli ribosomes using a nonhydrolysable GTP analogue. Here we show by cryo-electron microscopy that the complex can adopt two different conformational states. In 'state 1', RF3 is pre-bound to the ribosome, whereas in 'state 2' RF3 contacts the ribosome GTPase centre. The transfer RNA molecule translocates from the peptidyl site in state 1 to the exit site in state 2. This translocation is associated with a large conformational rearrangement of the ribosome. Because state 1 seems able to accommodate simultaneously both RF3 and RF2, whose position is known from previous studies, we can infer the release mechanism of class I RFs.     

1,2,3-三唑猪去氧胆酸衍生物的合成及其对汞离子的识别性能研究

通过点击化学合成方法, 合成了一系列对金属离子具有识别作用的新型含1,2,3-三唑结构的猪去氧胆酸类人工受体. 其化学结构均经核磁共振氢谱, 核磁共振碳谱, 红外光谱, 质谱和元素分析所确证. 利用紫外可见光考察了这类型人工受体的结合性能. 结果表明, 这类分子钳对汞离子有很高的选择性和亲和性能力.     

关于分布卷积的假设检验

讨论了依赖于经验分布函数统计量概率分布上界的估计,建立了对P(xy)形式的非参数假设检验方法。同时,在半参数密度函数比模型下建立半参数的假设检验方法。最后,从统计模拟角度比较了非参数方法和半参数方法。     

Requirement of a 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein for leukotriene synthesis

Leukotrienes, the biologically active metabolites of arachidonic acid, have been implicated in a variety of inflammatory responses, including asthma, arthritis and psoriasis. Recently a compound, MK-886, has been described that blocks the synthesis of leukotrienes in intact activated leukocytes, but has little or no effect on enzymes involved in leukotriene synthesis, including 5-lipoxygenase, in cell-free systems. A membrane protein with a high affinity for MK-886 and possibly representing the cellular target for MK-886 has been isolated from rat and human leukocytes. Here, we report the isolation of a complementary DNA clone encoding the MK-886-binding protein. We also demonstrate that the expression of both the MK-886-binding protein and 5-lipoxygenase is necessary for leukotriene synthesis in intact cells. Because the MK-886-binding protein seems to play a part in activating this enzyme in cells, it is termed the five-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP).