光谱法研究加替沙星与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱法研究牛血清白蛋白与加替沙星的相互作用机制.由荧光光谱可知加替沙星对牛血清白蛋白有猝灭作用;用Stern-Volmer方程求得在17℃和25℃温度下它们的结合常数分别为1.14×107L·mol-1和6.30×106L·mol-1,结合位点数分别为1.46和1.44;用热力学方程处理实验数据得到结合反应的相关参数(25℃):△H=53.46 kJ·mol-1,△G=-38.79 kJ·mol-1,△S=49.24 J·K-1·mol-1;并用三维荧光光谱和同步荧光光谱探讨加替沙星对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响.实验结果表明,加替沙星对牛血清白蛋白的猝灭方式为静态猝灭,它们间的主要作用力为静电作用.     

荧光光谱法研究茜素红S与壳聚糖的结合反应

研究生物探针茜素红S和壳聚糖溶液的荧光光谱特征,用荧光光度法、分光光度法研究茜素红S与壳聚糖分子之间的结合反应,结果表明:其能量转移机制为非辐射能量转移,论证了茜素红S与壳聚糖结合作用为静态猝灭过程(Kq=2.958 1×1011L.mol-1.s-1).测定了其结合常数(KA=3.26×103)和结合位点数(n=102).     

荧光法研究芦丁-Zn~(2+)-牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱、紫外光谱技术研究了芦丁与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在金属离子Zn2+共存时的相互作用.结果表明,芦丁对BSA有荧光静态猝灭作用;Zn2+存在时,不改变芦丁对BSA内源荧光的猝灭类型,但使芦丁与BSA的表观结合常数KLB增大;由热力学数据可知芦丁和BSA分子间以疏水作用为主,Zn2+的参与不改变BSA-芦丁分子间作用的类型.     

光谱法研究呋塞米与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱、紫外光谱技术,研究了呋塞米与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.研究结果表明,呋塞米与牛血清白蛋白的荧光猝灭机理属于静态猝灭;呋塞米与BSA在298K和308K时的结合常数和结合位点数分别为6.498×104L.mol-1、0.9197,2.985×104L.mol-1、0.8611;通过热力学计算所得到的反应热力学参数表明,二者是通过范德华力和氢键相结合的自发反应过程;应用同步荧光光谱技术考察了呋塞米对BSA构象的影响.     

分子光谱法研究恩替卡韦和牛血清白蛋白之间的相互作用

利用分子光谱技术研究了恩替卡韦和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用.恩替卡韦对牛血清白蛋白荧光的猝灭机制属于静态猝灭.在25,35和45℃下,恩替卡韦和牛血清白蛋白之间的结合常数分别为9.13×103,7.96×103,5.46×102L/mol,相应的结合位点数n分别为0.781,0.780,0.751.三个温度下的热力学参数变化值(ΔH,ΔG和ΔS)以及园二色谱的研究表明:结合反应的主要作用力类型为疏水作用力,熵变化驱动该结合反应而焓变化不利于该结合反应.根据Forster非辐射能量转移理论,测得恩替卡韦与BSA之间的结合距离为2.7 nm.根据同步荧光光谱证明牛血清白蛋白与恩替卡韦结合位点接近牛血清白蛋白的Thr色氨酸残基.     

N,N-双(2-羟基-5-氯苄基)-正丁胺与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

在不同温度下,研究了N,N-双(2-羟基-5-氯苄基)-正丁胺(HN)作用于牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的荧光猝灭光谱,同步荧光光谱.结果表明:HN可以形成HN-BSA复合物,还可以对牛血清白蛋白的荧光强度进行强烈猝灭,它的荧光猝灭的机理是动态猝灭.在此基础上计算了二者相互作用的结合常数、结合位点数及ΔH,ΔG,ΔS等热力学参数.结果表明HN与BSA以1:1结合,其反应主要是熵驱动的疏水作用力.     

荧光光谱法研究尼麦角林与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

目的:模拟正常人体生理条件下,采用荧光光谱技术研究尼麦角林与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的机制.方法:通过荧光光谱法确定尼麦角林对BSA荧光淬灭的机制,采用Stern-volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程计算反应的猝灭常数和形成常数,采用双对数方程计算两者结合常数和结合位点数,热力学公式计算反应前后焓变和熵变确定两者结合的主要作用力类型.结果:尼麦角林在0.25×l0-4~2.25×l0-4 mol·L-1浓度范围内,对BSA的内源荧光有较强的淬灭作用,淬灭类型属于静态荧光淬灭.在温度25℃和37℃时,尼麦角林与BSA的结合常数分别为3.499×104 L·mol-1和5.213×104 L·mol-1,结合位点数分别为1.21和1.25.由热力学参数焓变(ΔH=11.05 KJ·mol-1)大于零和熵变(ΔS=74.87J·mol-1·K-1)大于零,确定尼麦角林与BSA之间的作用力以疏水作用力为主.结论:尼麦角林与BSA通过疏水作用形成复合物,经静态猝灭机制引起BSA内源性荧光猝灭.     

嘧霉胺与牛血清白蛋白结合作用的热力学特征研究

在模拟动物体生理条件下,用荧光猝灭光谱、同步荧光光谱、三维荧光光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱等研究了不同温度下嘧霉胺(Pyrimethanil,简称PMT)与牛血清白蛋白(bovine serum albu-min,简称BSA)结合作用的光谱行为.实验表明,PMT对BsA有较强的荧光猝灭作用.用Stern-Volmer方程、Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程和热力学方程等处理实验数据,得到了在25～44℃温度范围内,结合反应的生成常数K_(LB)(平均值:3.512×104 L·mol~(-1))、热力学参数(平均值:△H~θ、△G~θ和△S~θ分别为一1.534 kJ·mol(-1)、-26.77 kJ·mol~(-1)和82.01 J·K~(-1))和结合位点数(平均值:1.030);发现PMT与BSA可结合形成具有一定结构的复合物,其荧光猝灭作用更符合静态猝灭作用特征,作用力可能主要是静电力;同时探讨了嘧霉胺对BSA构象的影响.这为研究嘧霉胺的毒理作用、生态环境效应和生物学效应等提供了重要信息.     

荧光光谱法研究槲皮素与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱法、分光光度法研究了水溶液中中草药的有效成分槲皮素(Quercetin,QCT)与牛血清白蛋白(Bovine Serum A lbum in,BSA)的相互结合反应.实验表明,槲皮素与牛血清白蛋白的相互结合作用为单一的静态猝灭过程.在水溶液中槲皮素与蛋白质牢固结合,其结合常数KB=1.12×106L/mol.根据F rster非辐射能量转移机理,求算了给体(BSA)与受体(QCT)间距离r=3.69 nm和能量转移效率E=0.317,并根据热力学参数推测了槲皮素与牛血清白蛋白的作用力类型.     

新型除草剂(ZJ0777)与牛血清蛋白结合作用的荧光光谱研究

该实验用荧光猝灭光谱和同步荧光光谱研究了在不同温度下,新型除草剂N-(2-溴苯基)-2-(4,6-二甲氧基-2-嘧啶氧基)苄胺[ZJ0777][C19H18BrN3O3]与牛血清蛋白(BSA)结合反应的光谱行为.发现BSA与ZJ0777发生反应生成了新的复合物,属于静态荧光猝灭,由Lineweaver-Burk双倒数方程求出了不同温度下反应时复合物的形成常数KLB(287 K:1.955×103 L·mol-1;298 K:2.441×103L·mol-1;308 K:3.041×103 L·mol-1)及对应温度下结合反应的热力学参数(△H=15.566 kJ·mol-1;△S=117.24,117.08,117.22 J·K-1;△G=-18.082,-19.325,-20.537 kJ·mol-1),证明二者主要靠疏水作用力结合,结合点位为1.同时利用同步荧光光谱,考察了ZJ0777对BSA构象的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.