脉冲激光线源热弹激励的圆柱表面波声场

将脉冲激光线源的热弹激励等效为一横 (S)波源的切变效应 ,导出了光激圆柱声场的积分表达式 ,采用留数理论进一步得出了圆柱表面Rayleigh波声场的表达式 ,用数值求导和快速傅立叶变换 (FFT)技术数值计算了铝圆柱Rayleigh波的瞬态位移波形 .计算结果表明 ,圆柱Rayleigh波在传播距离较小时 ,与平界面Rayleigh波相似 ,随传播距离的增加 ,由于频散加剧 ,Rayleigh波形状、相位逐渐发生变化 .     

激光声表面波检测黏弹性平板裂痕有限元模拟

基于平面应变理论和频域动力学平衡方程,在频域中建立黏弹性平板表面激光激发声表面波的有限元数值模型.在分析材料的黏性特征对Rayleigh波传播特征影响的基础上,模拟了Ray-leigh波在黏弹性平板表面裂痕处发生的声波反射及模态转换的过程,进而计算了表面裂痕的位置及深度.模拟结果表明,激光Rayleigh波通过表面裂痕发生了明显的反射,并相继产生了两个反射Rayleigh波RR及RS,通过研究反射Rayleigh波RR及RS产生的物理机理,可以判定其表面裂痕的位置及深度,从而为定量检测黏弹性材料表面的缺陷提供理论依据.     

海洋场地Rayleigh波传播特性及其影响因素分析

为研究饱和弹性半空间中Rayleigh波在不规则海床的传播与衰减特性及其对海床的影响,结合Zienkiewicz给出的土动力学基本方程,建立了简化的不规则海底场地动力模型. 通过改变边界条件,推导了水-土接触界面为平整界面时,有无上覆海水两个退化模型的Rayleigh方程,推演出了渗透系数、孔隙率、泊松比、界面条件等因素影响下不同场地条件中Rayleigh波的频散和衰减曲线,基于复杂海床模型,分析了各因素在Rayleigh波传播时对海床的孔压、变形等参数的动力响应影响规律. 结果表明：土体参数、弹性模量、渗透系数、孔隙率,以及上覆水、水土交界面等因素均会影响海床的动力响应. 不同Rayleigh波波速对土体力学参数沿土层深度的影响范围和影响程度不同;弹性模量和泊松比是决定土体性质的重要参数,是讨论Rayleigh波传播特性和土体动力响应的先决条件,它们的改变会改变渗透系数、孔隙率等参数的影响规律;在两个简化模型中,岩石地层E=6.017×1010 Pa,泊松比为0.38的条件下,孔隙率与渗透系数对Rayleigh波传播特性曲线有规律性影响.     

流体饱和度对Rayleigh波传播影响研究

基于三相孔隙弹性介质理论,本文推导出两种不相混的、黏性的、可压缩的流体饱和孔隙介质Rayleigh波控制方程解析解.该Rayleigh波沿着孔隙介质自由的、可渗透的表面传播.Rayleigh波频散方程解析表达式为三次多项式方程.求解频散方程的结果表明,该种介质存在三种类型的Rayleigh波（分别标记为R1,R2和R3）.在一定的频率范围内（1Hz-1 MHz）,本文数值研究了含水饱和度对三种Rayleigh波传播特性的影响.数值结果显示,孔隙介质的含水饱和程度对三种面波的传播速度和衰减有明显影响.三种面波在传播方向（x方向）和垂直于传播方向（z方向）上均存在振幅衰减.R1波传播速度最快,R3波居中,R2波最慢.R1波传播中衰减最小,R2和R3波次之,且R2和R3波随含水饱和度和频率的变化趋势基本相同.     

激光在气-固界面激励泄漏Lamb波的数值模拟与实验检测

以激光超声的热弹激发机理为基础,采用有限元技术求解热传导和热弹体运动的流．固耦合问题,得到了脉冲激光线源激励下气．铝界面上的瞬态泄漏Lamb波波形．在实验上,建立了基于光偏转原理的泄漏Lamb波探测装置,探测了脉冲激光在气．铝界面上激励泄漏Lamb波的实验波形．以数值计算和实验数据为基础,通过波形的相位谱和振幅谱分析了泄漏Lamb波的色散特性和衰减特性．     

脉冲激光线源热弹激发超声导波的数值研究

考虑激光作用过程中材料热物理参数随温度变化的非线性效应,在两维平面内建立了平面应变有限元模型,基于热弹耦合理论数值模拟了脉冲激光线源辐照金属铝板表面激发超声导波的物理过程.数值模拟分别得到了脉冲激光线源在厚度为1 cm与0.2 mm的铝板中激发出的声表面波与Lamb波的时域波形.其中声表面波包括掠面纵波、表面横波与瑞利...     

气-固界面波的激光热弹激励

采用积分变换技术求解热弹体运动方程和热传导方程耦合问题, 得到脉冲激光线源热弹激励时气-固界面波法向位移解的积分表达式. 解析计算被积函数极点留数, 并采用FFT技术得到气-固界面波声场的瞬态位移波形. 实验在脉冲激光器与激光干涉仪等组成的激光超声系统上进行. 将脉冲激光聚焦成线源激励空气-铁界面, 采用激光干涉仪成功检测到气-固界面Leaky Rayleigh波和Scholte波. 数值与实验结果有很好的一致性.     

压电晶片激发理想流体中各向异性板的泄漏Lamb波

基于流固耦合理论,采用有限元方法,建立压电激发理想流体中各向异性板的泄漏Lamb波的数值模型.数值模拟研究单向纤维增强复合材料中的泄漏Lamb波的色散和衰减特征,得到了全波场数值解,进而分析了不同激励频率,不同纤维取向对波形的影响.结果表明:理想流体中各向异性板的泄漏Lamb波可存在非色散,衰减较小的So模态和色散,衰减较大的Ao模态;通过选择激励频率可以选择合适的传播模态.材料纤维取向不同会影响泄漏波形的传播速度以及色散和衰减特性.数值模拟建立了激励源、材料参数以及相应波形之间的定量关系,可为泄漏Lamb波技术应用于NDE和NDT提供理论参考.     

空间多杆机构实现磨削大圆弧零件的原理及工艺分析

提出一种在普通平面磨床上利用空间机构加工大圆弧曲面的方法,将工作台的直线运动转化为工件的微小转动,砂轮在工件圆弧表面作包络曲线运动,机构简单,调整方便.对杆组进行的优化设计和加工误差分析结果表明:加工曲线的曲率半径由250 mm至1 000 mm连续变化,工件曲面误差小于0.03 mm,并可加工凸凹圆弧曲面.     

北太平洋水下脉冲声传播仿真

由于信号波形中携带环境参数信息,可利用波形或包络结构反演环境参数,掌握信号波形的传输规律是实现信道匹配的物理基础.将WKBZ简正波方法用于水下声道中的脉冲传播波形的计算、群速的求解.并仿真了窄带脉冲在北太平洋水下声道中的传播波形,仿真结果反映出了明显的信号传输的多途效应.分析了简正波群速对脉冲波形的影响,在收发深度均位于声道轴上时,在远距离上实现了简正波的分离;同时分析了收发深度与简正波幅度的关系及对脉冲波形的影响,得出在某一深度不是所有简正波对脉冲波形有贡献的结论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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