现代英语动词体系为什么没有将来时

现代英语动词体系只有一般现在时和一般过去时,进行体和完成体,没有将来时。英语动词的“时”和“体”属于两种不同的语法范畴,就英语动词的自身形式来说,没有能与现在时和过去时相提并论的动词形式——“将来时”。英语中多种多样的将来时间表示法,其形态与英语动词的体一样,是一种复合形式。因此,我们应该从英语的语言实际出发,正确地掌握表示将来时间的方法,以利于指导我们的语言实践活动。     

英语动词的新体系

英语动词新的语法体系突破了传统的拉丁语法模式。该体系提出了英语动词有现在和过去两种“时”的形式 ,同时还有进行和完成两种“体”。“时”和“体”是两个独立存在的语法范畴。新体系还认为英语并不存在着一种独特的“将来时”和“过去将来时”的动词形式 ,然而这两者都有着自己的表达方式。     

英语动词的新体系

英语动词新的词法体系突破了传统的拉丁语法模式。该体系提出了英语动词有现在和过去两种“时”的形式,同时还有进行和完成两种“体”。“时”和“体”是两个独立存在的语法范畴。新体系还认为英语并不存在着一种独特的“将来时”和“过去将来时”的动词形式,然而这两者都有着自己的表达方式。     

小议should一词的可省与不可省

下面两个句子一正一误:①It is suggested that he be a teacher.(√);②It is surprising that he be a teacher.(×)第二句话的正确表达是It is surprising that he should be a teacher.有人认为第一句是从句中省略了情态动词should.第二句同样是省略了should,为什么就成错句了呢?这两句话在语义、句法结构上究竟有何异同?Should一词在两句中的作用是什么?Should一词作为情态动词用法的来源又是什么?一、几个相关问题的说明1.关于时态.“时”或“时态”是一个语言学概念,是动词的语法范畴.在实际语言中,人们却发现“时态”与“时间”并不一一对应,往往出现一种时态既能表过去、现在,又能表将来的现象.例如:①They say Xiao Wu is back?(实际上指过去);②When do you start?(实际上指将来)     

论英语将来时的选择和运用

英语中有 5种表示将来的基本形式 :Will/shall 不定式 ,be going to 不定式 ,be - ing,一般现在时 ,will/shall 不定式进行体 .本文从说话人发话时的主、客观不同视角出发 ,将这 5种形式分为 3大类 :1 .对未来纯客观的陈述 2 .对未来情况的推测 3.对未来之事的主观意志表述 ,并借助语法概念和语用学的知识对它们进行分析和论述。     

中国学生英语时态习得现状与分析——以江西省部分学校为例

本文以问卷调查的方式调查了197名英语专业本专科,非英语专业本科和高中等四个层次学生英语时态习得现状。调查结果显示:受试对所有一般体和部分进行体时态掌握较好;由于英汉语言在时态表述上的差异和汉语思维的限制,受试普遍对完成体(包括完成进行体)的内涵(动作的持续性)理解不够;将来时方面,受试对一般将来时掌握较好,但对将来进行时、将来完成(进行)时,尤其是过去将来时、过去将来进行时和过去将来完成(进行)时难以理解。     

时态形式的“距离”含义

杰弗里·利奇和简·斯瓦特维克所著的《英语交际语法》[1]中非常明确地论述了时间与时态、体态之间的关系,即对态与体态表示由动词描述的动作和过去、现在或者将来时间的关系．由此,英语语法中对动词形式所表现的时态和体态紧密地和时间建立起联系．本文拟从“距离”（distace）这一新的视角,深入探讨动词时与体所描述的时间之外的含义．1动词形式中的时态与体态《英语交际语法》中是这样定义时态和体态的：“时（tense）与体（aspect）表示由动词描述的动作和过去、现在或将来时间（time）的关系．”在定义中,时间就象方程式中的参数,…     

浅谈康有为教育思想

康有为是我国近代著名教育家,他提出许多远见卓识的教育思想。诸如,首次明确提出德、智、体全面发展的教育方针,尤其强调“育德为先”、“德育为本”;大力提倡普及教育,重视实科教育;倡导多方筹集教育经费;提倡并实行让学生参与学校管理,提高学校行管效能等等。对今天乃至将来都具有积极的借鉴意义。     

润物细无声——浅谈语文教学中的思想教育

<正> 现在的中学生不久的将来将成为建设社会主义祖国的生力军,为了把他们培养成一代“四有”新人,使他们的“德、智、体、美、劳”得到全面发展,教师在“传道授业解惑”中,应担负起培养道德品质的职责,作为语文教师,在这方面更具得天独厚的条件。因为现行中学语文教材本身具有优美的语言、丰富高尚的感情,鞭辟入里的道理,能产生极大的感染力,具有很强的思想性。那么,在语文教学中如何进行思想教育呢?我的体会是:     

皖北宿州方言中时态助词“来”的体貌研究

皖北宿州方言中助词“来”可以用于表示进行体、经历体、完成体和持续体等时态意义,而且方言词“来”还可用以表达语气,出现在陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句中。当时态助词“来”同时具有表达语气的功能时,便形成了事态语气词“来”。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.