基于真彩色的磨粒分形维数计算系统的设计

磨粒的分形多为无规分形,其分形维数计算比有规分形维数复杂得多, 利用计算机来完成分形维数计算是一种有效方法.作者阐述了分形维数的定义和磨粒分形维数计算方法、无标度区间的计算原理,基于真彩色图像处理原理,设计了磨粒分形维数计算的硬件系统;在软件设计中,引入了无标度区间的计算,克服了原有磨粒分维计算方法的不足,利用Visual C++完成了基于Windows平台的磨粒分形维数计算程序的设计,为运用铁谱技术研究磨粒的复杂特征提供了计算工具.     

岩石电镜扫描图像的分形特征研究

基于分形和景观生态学的相关理论,开发了岩石电镜扫描图像的分形维数和间隙度指数分析程序.通过对某地下洞库的两种不同岩性的岩石所得到的电镜扫描图片进行分形维数和间隙度指数计算,讨论图像放大倍数和阈值大小对其二者计算结果的影响和规律.研究结果表明:放大倍数和阈值对于电镜扫描图像分形特征参数的计算具有重要的影响,分形维数和间隙度指数可以定量地描述电镜扫描图像的特征,对于揭示岩石的力学机理有着重要的意义.     

表面形貌的分形特征研究

该文基于分形几何理论研究了表面形貌的分形特征,用结构函数法计算表面轮廓的分形维数,用Taylorsurf-6型轮廓仪对磨损前和磨损后的缸套内腔表面轮廓进行测量.分形分析结果表明,缸套内腔表面具有多重分形特征,其临界波长的大小与珩磨时的磨粒直径相对应.     

污泥干燥速度曲线的分形维数分析

污泥的干燥速度变化是干燥过程中水分运动的宏观表现，对内部微观的传热传质动力学机制有重要揭示。利用功率谱分析对实验所得间接式加热的污泥干燥速度变化进行分形和混沌特性的判别，并提出Hausdorff维数和整体盒维数的计算方法，以分析其分形规律。通过判断得知，污泥的干燥速度变化具有分形特性。速度变化的Hausdofff维数随参数N值的增大而增大，但波动范围变小，且随着干燥过程进行，其值逐渐减小．另一种反映整体变化的维数——盒维数可以采用变换法计算得出，可用于判别干燥过程的整体分形特性。2种方法所得维数显示，污泥种类和干燥温度等对干燥速度变化的分形均有较大影响。     

非织造材料分形维数与填充率及纤维直径的关联

开发随机排列的模拟非织造材料表面及截面生成程序,针对3种不同的纤维直径,生成非织造材料表面及截面的纤维结构分布,并采用计算机软件分别计算其分形维数和填充率.通过大量的计算机模拟计算数据及关联回归分析,得出模拟的非织造材料表面及截面的分形维数与其填充率和纤维直径之间关系的关联表达式.结果表明:非织造材料具有分形特征,其结构可采用分形维数进行描述;而其分形维数与纤维填充率及纤维直径之间存在一定的关联规律,模拟的非织造材料的表面分形维数关联表达式的计算结果与实测相对误差小于4.83%;非织造材料表面分形维数与截面分形维数关联表达式的计算结果进行比较,其平均绝对误差为0.163.非织造材料表面分形维数与截面分形维数计算式具有相同的表达形式.     

基于归一化尺度计盒维数的超声波分形特征研究

基于归一化尺度计盒维数方法研究了超声波分形特征．提出了将时间尺度与幅值尺度归一化的计盒维数方法来快速计算超声回波分形维数；在此基础上，对管道中缺陷超声回波的分形维数进行了计算与统计分析，得到了超声回波的分形维数的统计分布规律．研究结果表明，超声回波具有分形标度不变性，计盒维数能够反映超声回波信号波形的复杂程度和不规则程度，这种方法可以在超声自动检测中用来快速判断缺陷的有无．     

基于GIS的龙口市海岸线分形特征研究

采用GIS手段提取了龙口市2004年及2008年海岸线,根据分形理论并利用Matlab软件求取了龙口市两个时相海岸线的分维数.通过对龙口市海岸线的分形维数的计算,得出龙口市海岸线具有一定的分形特征,并且对两个时相的分形特征进行了比较分析.     

冻土爆破块度的分形维数与爆破特性的关系

对冻土进行了一次起爆、孔内微差爆破漏斗试验，收集爆破块度进行筛分统计，根据分形理论，计算了冻土爆破块度的分形维数。通过分析计算分布函数的特征参数，分析了分形维数与分布函数特征参数的关系。结果表明，分形维数定量表征了冻土爆破块度的分布情况，分形维数可定量表示冻土爆破的最小块度率、爆破漏斗体积和装药深度，分形维数与冻土破碎的最小块度率有很好的相关性，最小块度的百分率愈大，分形维数愈大，反之愈小，较小的分形维数基本上对应于最佳装药深度和最大爆破漏斗体积。     

利用轮廓分形区别人工目标与自然物体算法研究

根据人工目标和自然物体的固有差异，提出了一种在轮廓链码基础上提取轮廓粗糙性曲线的算法。在实际得到的水杯，车辆及岩石图像中，利用Ｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎ算法进行了计算物体轮廓粗糙性曲线分维的实验。实验表明，水杯及车辆轮廓的分形维数较低，岩石则具有较高的分形维数，通过同二维结果的对比，从计算量的分形维数两证明用所提出的算法计算轮廓分形维数区别人工目标和自然物体是可行的。     

基于分形理论的雷电冲击土体等离子体通道发展研究

等离子体通道对岩土体破坏过程具有内动力作用，针对雷电冲击岩土体后的等离子体通道发展进行研究，从电击穿的角度构建岩土体击穿通道的随机概率模型，采用拉普拉斯方程计算电场，引入分形理论计算发展概率，得到等离子体通道路径模拟图。采用盒维数法计算分形维数来反映等离子体通道发展情况，分析了土体电阻率、雷电流幅值及内部电压降对分形维数的影响规律。结果表明：随着土体电阻率增大，分形维数逐渐减小；随着雷电流幅值增大，分形维数逐渐增大；随着土体内部电压降增大，分形维数逐渐增大，且在土体电阻率越小时，分形维数变化越显著。研究证明，运用二维图像方式直观表现出岩土体内等离子体通道发展，并利用分形几何定量描述岩土体内等离子体通道的发展规律，有助于预测岩土体破坏过程的发展，便于进一步研究岩土体电击穿的物理本质。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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