CAN数据总线系统在汽车节能减排中的应用研究

对CAN数据总线系统应用于某品牌商用汽车发动机电控和数据传输的节能减排特性进行了试验研究,结果表明,装配CAN数据总线的车辆比未装配CAN数据总线的传统车辆车身总体减重300 kg,实现发动机实时工况控制节油7%,尾气减排5%,车身减重节油10%以上,多工况循环标准状态下燃料消耗量为7.26 L/100 km.综合节能效果显著.该研究为汽车节能技术发展提供一定的参考.     

TA—1型乳化柴油的研究与实践

研制了ＴＡ－１型柴油乳化剂，按最佳乳化工艺条件配制的乳化油，在不同机器上进行试验研究。结果表明：台架试验节油率为７．９２～１０．８２％，行车试验节油率为１２．１５～１５．１６％，烟度降低率为４６．８７％，社会经济效益显著。     

CZF-A型乳化柴油的试验研究

研制了ＣＺＦ－Ａ型柴油乳化剂，按最佳乳化工艺条件配制的乳化油，在不同型号机器上进行试验研究．结果表明：台架试验平均节油率为１７．７３％，行车试验节油率为１８．０９％～２２．５８％，减烟率为５１．６２％，具有显著的经济和社会效益．     

柴油磁化节油器节油性能试验分析

本文从内燃机工作过程与燃烧理论出发，分析柴油磁化，改善雾化质量对柴油机在若干不同工作条件下可能产生的不同节油效果。并对几种型号的磁化节油器台架试验的节油效果进行对比分析，从而对磁化节油器的节油性能获得一个比较可靠的结论。     

基于神经网络的混凝土泵车发动机万有特性建模与工况优化

将底盘传动系纳入发动机动力系统,提出混凝土泵车发动机万有特性模型的现场测试方法。利用BP神经网络建立某型号混凝土泵车发动机的万有特性模型,并以此为依据对该型号混凝土泵车工况进行优化,获得4种工况下与液压系统最佳匹配的发动机转速。试验结果表明:利用BP神经网络建立的某型号混凝土泵车发动机万有特性模型最大相对误差仅为2.31%;建模方法简单、精度高,以该模型为依据优化后的发动机工况节油效果明显,最大可节油11.67%。     

行星混联混合动力汽车节油因素分析

为分析行星混联系统的节油因素,建立了基于系统能量流动的理论油耗模型和节油量、节油率模型.在此基础上基于超级电容和行星混联系统的特点,探究发动机平均燃油消耗率、两电机效率、传动系机械效率在影响节油率方面的耦合关系,从解耦的角度定量分析各因素分别优化时对节油率直接或间接的影响及影响原理.明确了行星混联系统节油的根本途径和各因素对节油的贡献大小,提高混合动力汽车经济性优化的效率.      

安装“经济汽化器”汽车节油效果显著

天津市汽车运输三场从1972年开始,就在汽车发动机的汽化器上采用了优选法节油,后来在学习外地先进经验的基础上,大搞科学实验,推广了“经济汽化器”,取得了队队节油的新成绩。1975年8月,该场三结合节油优选法试验小组曾对231—A_2G 汽化器和北京经济汽化器及     

柴油机随机引汽乳化装置的节能分析与应用

介绍了引汽乳化装置在柴油机上应用的台架试验和实际生产实验的结果．由实验结果可知，使柴油机节油达3－9％．与其它乳化燃料在柴油机试验结果对比．不仅达到节油目的，还解决了其它乳化燃料配制耗能，不能久置及稳定性不好等问题．     

沼气用作农用移动式动力机组的代用燃料

本试验研究旨在探索沼气用于农用动力设备的基本技术途径。本文就发动机及拖拉机的改装等问题进行了探讨,并对试验结果进行了分析。对原发动机调速系统进行了重要改装,在多缸发动机上实现了沼气单调节调速。改装后的拖拉机在沼气—柴油双燃料的驱动下,满负荷工作时,可节油65％以上。     

柴油机复合涡轮余热发电系统及电动热管理用电系统综合节油潜力研究

针对发电复合涡轮余热回收技术对发动机燃油经济性影响的评价及节油潜力的问题,基于自行研制的发电复合涡轮余热回收系统及电动热管理系统,在回收电能得到使用的条件下研究了影响发动机燃油经济性的关键因素及两套系统的综合节油潜力。首先,分别分析了发电复合涡轮转速和发动机入口水温对复合涡轮余热系统的发电功率和热管理电动附件耗电功率的影响,明确了产能及用能的变化规律;其次,基于实测数据分析了试验条件下柴油发动机复合涡轮余热发电与电动热管理用电的实际综合节油能力,明确了影响发动机燃油经济性的关键因素;最后,根据关键因素影响油耗的规律对两套系统的综合节油潜力进行了预测分析。结果显示:柴油发动机在1 300r/min试验转速且负荷分别为25%、50%和75%工况下,复合涡轮发电量均能满足电动热管理附件的用电需求,发动机比油耗与基础发动机相比分别降低7.2%、4%和2.6%;增压涡轮及动力涡轮的等熵效率是影响系统燃油经济性的重要因素,提升等熵效率可降低废气能量回收过程中的泵气损失;在试验转速且负荷为75%工况下,随着等熵效率的提升,比油耗可在实测综合油耗的基础上进一步降低,最大降幅为4.1%,若考虑产、用能平衡策略,则该工况下比油耗可降至180.8g/(kW·h)。所提产、用能方案及分析方法可为基于余热回收技术开展的发动机节能减排研究提供参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with