假酸浆多糖提取纯化工艺的研究

以假酸浆籽为原料,采用水提法、超声波提取法、微波提取法提取假酸浆多糖,经对各提取过程比较分析可知水提法为最优提取方法,提取条件为料液比1∶55、温度80℃、时间3 h,提取率为6.18%.将水提法得到的假酸浆多糖浓缩液通过醇沉、脱蛋白、脱色等工艺进行纯化,确定了最佳的提取纯化工艺.在最佳的条件下,醇沉后多糖的量可达80.5%,蛋白质脱除率可达70.8%,脱色率可达91.0%.     

响应面分析法优化甘草多糖提取条件

利用响应面分析法对甘草粗多糖提取工艺条件进行优化,在单因素试验基础上选取液料比、时间和温度3个因素,以甘草粗多糖提取率为响应值,对提取工艺条件进行优化,得到甘草粗多糖提取的最佳工艺条件为:液料比31∶1,时间2.1 h,温度63℃,在此条件下提取率可达10.23%。     

毛木耳多糖提取工艺的研究

本实验对毛木耳子实体粗多糖(APP)提取工艺进行了研究,实验表明:提取的最佳条件是热水浸提的料液比为1:40、pH值为6、浸提温度为70℃、浸提时间为5h,此时多糖的提取率为28.237%,Sevage法除蛋白时氯仿与正丁醇的体积比为5:1,样液与Sevage试剂的体积比为4:1时蛋白脱除率较高、多糖损失率较低,此时蛋白脱除率为74.75%,粗多糖含量为38.97%.然后经DEAE-52纤维素离子交换柱层析脱色,SephadexG-200柱层析进一步分离纯化.为毛木耳多糖的开发利用奠定了基础.     

响应面法优化提取燕麦麸清蛋白工艺

以燕麦麸皮为材料,采用水提法提取燕麦麸皮清蛋白,在单因素试验的基础上,以料液比、提取温度、提取时间为影响因子,以清蛋白的提取率为响应值,利用响应面法优化提取条件提取燕麦麸清蛋白,并作了响应面和等高线图;通过Design-Expert8.0.6.1软件对料液比、提取温度、提取时间影响燕麦麸皮清蛋白提取率进行响应面分析,结果显示最佳工艺参数为:料液比1∶11.36,提取时间60min,提取温度40℃,清蛋白的提取率为1.71%;为燕麦麸皮清蛋白进一步的研究提供理论基础.     

大蓟多糖脱蛋白工艺研究

大蓟具有重要的药用价值,本文研究从大蓟中提取多糖,并进行脱蛋白分离纯化。通过比较Sevag法、三氯乙酸法和盐酸法等3种脱蛋白方法的蛋白脱除率与多糖损失率,确定最好的脱蛋白方法为三氯乙酸法,其蛋白脱除率为84%,多糖损失率为29%。     

铁皮石斛原球茎多糖提取及脱蛋白工艺研究

研究了铁皮石斛原球茎培养物中多糖提取工艺并进行了不同脱蛋白方法的比较?以提取温度?提取时间和料液比三因素进行正交实验,得到多糖最佳提取工艺为提取温度90℃?提取时间60 min?料液比1∶40(g/mL),多糖提取率78.51%?通过一系列单因素实验和正交优化实验,分析比较Sevage法?盐酸法?三氯乙酸法和木瓜蛋白酶法脱蛋白工艺?结果显示,Sevage法第5次洗脱效果最好,多糖质量分数43.81%,蛋白质质量分数9.67%;盐酸在体积分数25%时效果最好,多糖质量分数52.17%,蛋白质质量分数为4.82%;三氯乙酸质量浓度为0.03 g/mL时,多糖质量分数最高35.50%,蛋白质质量分数7.34%;木瓜蛋白酶法反应时间90 min?温度70℃?酶含量30U时,多糖质量分数85.01%,蛋白质质量分数为5.89%,效果最为理想?     

响应面法优化杏鲍菇粗多糖提取工艺的研究

为了研究杏鲍菇粗多糖提取的最佳工艺,以杏鲍菇新鲜子实体为试验材料,采用传统的水浴加热法从提取时间、料液比、提取温度等方面分析影响杏鲍菇粗多糖提取效率的因素,并利用中心组合试验设计(box-behnken design,BBD)进行了响应面分析,得到其最佳工艺条件:提取温度为47℃,提取时间为4.9h,料液比为1∶19(g/mL),其中提取温度对粗多糖提取率的影响最大,其次是料液比,最后是提取时间。在该条件下,杏鲍菇粗多糖得率达到极大值5.66%,与实际验证值接近。由此可知,利用响应面法优化杏鲍菇粗多糖的提取工艺合理可行,可为水提杏鲍菇粗多糖的工业化应用提供理论依据。     

响应面法优化纤维素酶提取三叶青多糖的工艺研究

为了优化三叶青多糖的酶法提取工艺,选用纤维素酶提取三叶青多糖。通过单因素试验法和响应面分析法,考察酶加量、酶解温度、酶解时间、水料比这4个因素对三叶青多糖提取率的影响。得到的最佳提取条件为:酶加量0.274%,酶解温度60.5℃,酶解时间62.4 min,水料比25.8∶1(体积∶质量,mL/g),此条件下三叶青多糖的实际提取率为10.47%,与理论最佳提取率10.43%相比,相对误差为0.38%。此结果表明,运用响应面法优化得到的工艺条件准确可靠,能够真实地反映各因素对三叶青多糖提取率的影响,该提取工艺稳定合理、客观可行。     

佛手瓜多糖的提取工艺研究

为优化热浸提佛手瓜多糖的工艺,在单因素实验的基础上,选择提取温度、液料比、提取时间为自变量,以多糖提取率为响应值,采用Box-Benhnken法设计三因素三水平的响应面分析实验。结果表明,最佳的提取工艺条件为:提取温度81℃、液料比20 m L·g-1,提取时间138 min。在此条件下,实际测得多糖的提取率为2.775%,与预测值相对误差为0.57%,验证了数学模型的有效性,表明该工艺条件合理可行。     

响应面优化超声辅助提取养心菜多糖的工艺研究

为提高养心菜多糖的提取率,利用响应面法对养心菜多糖的超声辅助提取条件进行优化。研究了液料比、超声时间、超声温度和超声功率对养心菜多糖提取率的影响,并用响应面法对工艺条件进行了优化。结果表明养心菜多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为:液料比为34 mL/g,超声时间为24 min,超声温度为62℃和超声功率86 W。在该条件下,测得养心菜多糖提取率为75.48 mg/g,与预测值(76.25 mg/g)相比,其相对误差为1.05%,说明方程的预测值与实验值拟合性良好,可用于养心菜多糖提取工艺的优化,该研究为养心菜提取多糖类化合物提供理论依据和参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with