Three-Dimensional Stress and Stress Intensity for Tensioned Flat Plates with Edge Cracks

The stress in the thickness direction is an important factor influencing the fracture behavior of structural members. A stress σy tensioned flat plate with edge cracks is widely used as an analysis model. The stresses σx and σy for the plate model can be acquired from Neuber＇s solution. However, the solution is applicable only for a perfect plane stress or plane strain state. As a consequence of the thickness of the plate a three-dimensional （3-D） stress state will arise near the crack tip, resulting in a variation of the distribution of σx and σy stresses. A full analysis for the 3-D stress fields for a tensioned flat plate with edge cracks has been therefore carried out. The results show that the 3-D stress field near the crack tip is mainly determined by two factors： the thickness of the plate and the curvature radius at the crack tip. A further analysis has been carried out for the stress intensity near the crack tip. In this paper we give some equations matching to the 3-D stress and stress intensity, which describe precisely the stress state near the crack tip, and which can be applied effectively in engineering analysis.     

Diffusion behavior and distribution regulation of MgO in MgO-bearing pellets

In this paper, the diffusion behavior between MgO and Fe₂O₃ (the main iron oxide in pellets) is investigated using a diffusion couple method. In addition, the distribution regulation of MgO in MgO-bearing pellets is analyzed via pelletizing experiments. The results illustrate that MgO is prone to diffuse into Fe₂O₃ in the form of solid solution; the diffusion rate considered here is 13.64 μm·min-1. Most MgO content distributes in the iron phase instead of the slag phase. The MF phase {(Mg_1-x Fe_x)O·Fe₂O₃, x ≤ 1} is generated in the MgO-bearing pellets. However, the distribution of MgO in the radial direction of the pellets is inconsistent. The solid solution portion of MgO in the MF phase is larger in the outer layer of the pellets than in the inner layer. In this work, the approximate chemical composition of the MF phase in the outer layer of the pellets is {(Mg_0.35-0.77·Fe_0.65-0.23) O·Fe₂O₃} and in the inner layer is {(Mg_0.13-0.45·Fe_0.87-0.55) O·Fe₂O₃}.     

Walsh spectrum properties of rotation symmetric boolean function

Rotation symmetric function was presented by Pieprzyk. The algebraic configuration of rotation symmetric（RotS） function is special. For a Rots n variables function f（x1, x2, …, xn） we have f（ρn^k （x1, x2, …xn））=f（x1, x2, …, xn） for k=0, 1, …, n-1. In this paper, useing probability method we find that when the parameters of RotS function is under circular translation of indices, its walsh spectrum is invariant. And we prove the result is both sufficient and necessary.     

氧化吸收法同步脱除燃烧烟气中SO2，NOx和CO2的化学热力学及其评价

湿化学法同步脱除烟气中气态污染物是燃烧源大气污染控制的重要方法之一,为探究采用不同氧化吸收策略同时脱除燃烧烟气中SO_2,NO_x和CO_2的可行性,基于化学热力学原理,分析了9种联合氧化吸收策略的性能,具体的氧化吸收策略包括:H_2O_2-NH_3·H_2O,H_2O_2-MDEA,H_2O_2-NaOH,O3-NH_3·H_2O,O3-MDEA,O3-NaOH,NaClO_2-NH_3·H_2O,NaClO_2-MDEA和NaClO_2-NaOH,并提出新的动态加权法对其性能进行综合评价。结果表明:上述所有策略均具有SO_2,NO_x和CO_2捕获的可行性。O3-NaOH,NaClO_2-MDEA和NaOH做吸收剂的氧化吸收溶液分别对单一脱硫、脱硝和脱碳效果最好。当综合考虑同步脱除SO_2,NO_x和CO_2时,NaClO_2-MDEA优于其他策略,其结果可为燃烧烟气中的气体污染物的联合脱除提供参考。     

线性交换子的加权估计

 多线性交换子T_b(f)(x)=∫_Rⁿ∏_i=1^m(b_i(x)-b_i(y))k(x,y)f(y)dy在L^p(Rⁿ)(1K是一个标准的Calderón-Zygmund核.主要研究交换子Mf(x)=sup_x∈Q∫_Q|f(y)|dy,其中f∈L_loc(Rⁿ),x∈Rⁿ,Q是任何包含x的方体,并用Sharp极大估计得到了该多线性交换子在Herz空间的一个加权有界性.     

Photoluminescence from Si-based SiNxOy films

B⁺, C⁺, Si⁺, and As⁺ with dose of 5 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻² were implanted into SiN_xO_y, films grown on crystalline silicon by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The ion-implanted samples exhibit their photoluminescence with different intensities and different peak wavelengths after thermal annealing. Especially, the C⁺-implanted SiN_xO_y, films show very intense photoluminescence at green-yellow color region.     

Chemical states of the atoms in magnetic multilayers Ta/NiO x /Ni81Fe19/Ta and Co/AlO x /Co

Ta/NiO _x /Ni₈₁Fe₁₉/Ta and Co/AlO _x /Co multilayers were prepared by rf reactive and dc magnetron sputtering. The exchange coupling field (H _ex) and the coercivity (H _c) of NiO _x /Ni₈₁Fe₁₉ as a function of the ratio of Ar to O₂ during the deposition process were studied. The composition and chemical states at the interface region of NiO _x /NiFe were also investigated using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and peak decomposition technique. The results show that when the ratio of Ar to O₂ is equal to 7 and the argon sputtering pressure is 0.57 Pa, the x value is approximately 1 and the valence of nickel is +2. At this point, NiO _x is antiferromagnetic NiO and the corresponding H_ex is the largest. As the ratio of Ar/O₂ deviates from 7, the H _ex will decrease due to the presence of magnetic impurities such as Ni⁺³ or metallic Ni at the interface region of NiO _x /NiFe, while the H _c will increase due to the metallic Ni. Al layers in Co/AlO _x /Co multilayers were also studied by angle-resolved XPS. Our finding is that the bottom Co could be completely covered by depositing an Al layer about 1.8 nm. The thickness of AlO _x was 1.2 nm.     

FERE法研究M_xO_y(M=Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni)形成能

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的广义梯度近似法(GGA+U)对氧化物M_xO_y(M=Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni)进行几何结构优化,然后计算其总能,根据形成能与总能的关系求出它们的形成能,再用FERE(Fitted Elemental-phase Reference Energies)方法对形成能进行修正。结果表明:修正后,每个单胞形成能相对实验值的平均绝对偏差由0.59 eV降低到0.46 eV,其中Ti-O、V-O、Co-O和Ni-O化合物的形成能修正值更接近实验值;而其他元素氧化物的形成能修正值相对于实验值的平均绝对偏差略有增大。     

Relaxor behavior of (1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 ceramics

n the present work, the phase transitions and relaxor behavior of (1−x)Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-xPbTiO₃ (PMN-PT, x = 0.2―0.4) ferroelectric ceramics have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, di-electric spectroscopy, the P-E hysteresis loop measurements and Raman scattering techniques. Structural analysis revealed that with the increase of PbTiO₃ content, PMN-PT ceramics experienced a gradual phase transition process from rhombohedral to tetragonal. It is usually believed that such kinds of phase transitions resulted in the linear decrease of relaxation degree. Surprisingly, our analy-sis of the dielectric spectra revealed that the indicator of the degree of diffuseness γ reached the maximum value near morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) (x = 0.32), then decreased with the further increase of PbTiO₃ content. The large dielectric relaxor feature near MPB may be attributed to the for-mation of ordered nanodomains, resulting from complex coexisting nanostructures. Further, the P-E hysteresis loop measurements and Raman analysis of the B-site cation order correlated well with the dielectric measurement results. It was found that the hysteresis loop squareness R_sq received the minimum value while the inverse of the value of full wide of half maximum (FWHM) of A_1g mode reached the maximum value at MPB composition, which showed similar trends to γ.     

Dielectric,piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of lanthanum-modified PZTFN ceramics

Specimens of Pb_1?1.5xLa_x(Zr_0.53Ti_0.47)_1?y?zFe_yNb_zO₃(x = 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016, y = z = 0.01) (PZTFN) ceramics were synthesized by a semi-wet route. In the present study, the effect of La doping was investigated on the structural, microstructural, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics. The results show that, the tetragonal (space group P4mm) and rhombohedral (space group R3c) phases are observed to coexist in the sample at x = 0.012. Microstructural investigations of all the samples reveal that La doping inhibits grain growth. Doping of La into PZTFN improves the dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics. The hysteresis loops of all specimens exhibit nonlinear behavior. The dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties show a maximum response at x ≥ 0.012, which corresponds to the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB).     

Magnetoelectric and converse magnetoelectric res ponses in TbxDy1-xFe2-y alloy ＆ Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）（1-x）TixO3 crystal laminated composites

Measured results of magnetoelectric （ME） and converse magnetoelectric （CME） effects of TbxDy1-xFe2-y/ Pb（Mg1/3Nb2/3）（1-x）TixO3/TbxDy1-xFe2-y （TD/PMNT/TD） and PMNT/TD/PMNT laminated composites are presented. ME effect was determined by measuring laminate voltage output under a Helmholtz-generated AC field biased by a DC field （0-1 kOe） （1Oe = 79.58 A/m）. The CME effect was measured by recording the voltage induced in a solenoid encompassing the ME sample while exposed to a DC bias field and PMNT layer driven by a 10 V AC source. The ME and CME responses in the two laminated structure are linear. The highest values of ME coefficients in TD/PMNT/TD and PMNT/TD/PMNT composites are 384 mV/Oe and 158 mV/Oe, respectively, while the highest values of CME coefficients in the two composites are 118 mG/V and 162 mG/V （1 G=10^-4 T）, respectively.     

Enhanced thermoelectric properties of Co1-x-yNix+ySb3-xSnx materials

Co_1−x−y Ni_x+y Sb_3−x Sn _x polycrystals were fabricated by vacuum melting combined with hot-press sintering. The effect of alloying on the thermoelectric properties of unfilled skutterudite Co_1−x Ni _x Sb_3−x Sn _x was investigated. A leap of electrical conductivity from the Co_0.93Ni_0.07Sb_2.93Sn_0.07 sample to the Co_0.88Ni_0.12Sb_2.88Sn_0.12 sample occurs during the measurement of electrical conductivity, indicating the adjustment of band structure by proper alloying. The results show that alloying enhances the power factor of the materials. On the basis of alloying, the thermoelectric properties of Co_0.88Ni_0.12Sb_2.88Sn_0.12 are improved by Ni-doping. The thermal conductivities of Ni-doping samples have no reduction, but their power factors have obvious enhancement. The power factor of Co_0.81Ni_0.19Sb_2.88Sn_0.12 reaches 3.0 mW·m⁻¹·K⁻² by Ni doping. The dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit reaches 0.55 at 773 K for the unfilled Co_0.81Ni_0.19 Sb_2.88Sn_0.12.     

钝缀锦蛤选育群体F2生长性状相关性及遗传力分析

为开展钝缀锦蛤早期群体选育,通过生长性状研究群体选育的潜力,以经1代群体选育钝缀锦蛤(Tapes dorsatus)为亲本,通过阶段性移养的方式建立7个半同胞家系和混养F_2闭锁群体,分析12月龄和18月龄F_2群体的生长性状相关性,基于约束极大似然法(Restricted Maximum Likelihood,REML)估算12月龄钝缀锦蛤生长性状遗传力。结果显示钝缀锦蛤生长性状相关性达到极显著水平(P0.01)。根据多元回归分析结果,12月龄F_2群体壳长、壳高和壳宽对体质量直接作用为0.377,0.370,0.276;18月龄F_2群体壳长、壳高和壳宽对体质量直接作用为0.389,0.361,0.351。2个阶段壳体性状对体质量的直接作用相近,且直接作用大于间接作用,壳长对体质量直接作用最大。相比12月龄,8月龄F2群体壳宽对体质量的直接作用提高。12月龄和18月龄F2群体壳长(x_1)、壳高(x_2)、壳宽(x_3)对体质量(y)的回归方程分别为y=-48.724+0.513x_1+0.754x_2+0.882x_3(R~2=0.848)和y=-94.689+0.772x_1+1.141x_2+1.608x_3(R~2=0.864)。估算壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量半同胞个体遗传力分别为0.14±0.16、0.10±0.08、0.49±0.28、0.29±0.14,壳宽的遗传力最高,表明壳宽是钝缀锦蛤选育的首选性状。本研究结果为钝缀锦蛤群体选育提供基础数据。     

Fatigue small crack growth threshold determination of a high-Nb TiAl alloy at different temperatures by in-situ observation

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the fatigue crack growth threshold of a high-Nb TiAl alloy at the different temperatures based on scanning electron microscopy （SEM） in-situ observation. The results indicated that the fatigue crack growth threshold △Kth of a nearly lamellar high-Nb TiAl alloy with 8% Nb content at room temperature and 750℃ was determined as 12.89 MPa.m^1/2 and 8.69 MPa.m^1/2, respectively. The effect of the elevated temperature on the fatigue crack growth threshold cannot be ignored. At the same time, the early stage of fatigue crack propagation exhibited multicrack initiation and bridge-link behavior.     

Synthesis of spherical Li1.167Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.533O2 as cathode material for lithium-ion battery via co-precipitation

xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiNi0.4Co0.2Mn0.4O2(x=0.5) powders were synthesized from co-precipitated spherical metal carbonate,Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.533(CO3)x.It has been found that the preparation of metal carbonate was si...     

二维1:-5 Lotka-Volterra复四次系统的可线性化条件

本文考虑了如下的一类平面四次复Lotka-Volterra系统的可线性化问题ẋ=x（1-a₃₀x³-a₂₁x²y-a₁₂xy²-a₀₃y³）,ẏ=-y（5-b₃₀x³-b₂₁x²y-b₁₂xy²-b₀₃y³）.该系统为四次齐次多项式扰动下的具有$1:-5$线性项的复Lotka-Volterra系统,给出了该系统可线性化的充分必要条件.     

柴油机SCR尿素喷射方式研究

鉴于柴油机选择性催化还原系统尿素喷射特性与氮氧（NO_x）转化效率密切相关,本文搭建SCR系统小样试验台,NO和NH₃作为主要试验用气,研究了不同氨氮比和不同温度条件下V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂催化剂的氨存储、氨泄漏以及NO_x转化效率的影响.结果表明:氨氮比越大,氨存储量的建立时间越短,NO_x转化效率的提升就越快;氨氮比为0.22时,15 s内NO_x转化效率从0增大到4.3%;当氨氮比为0.30时,15 s内NO_x转化效率从0增大到8.7%;随着氨氮比的增大氨泄漏会提前出现;氨氮比先大后小的喷射方法有利于改善NO_x转化效率.采用氨氮比先大后小的喷射方法,进行ETC标准循环测试,NO_x比排放从8.26 g/（kW·h）减少到1.91 g/（kW·h）,NH₃泄漏均值为5×10-6,峰值为18×10-6,满足国V排放法规要求.      

Formation mechanism of an aluminium-based chemical conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

An environmentally clean aluminium-based conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy was studied in aluminium nitrate solutions. The morphology, composition, structure, and formation mechanism of the coating were investigated in detail using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersion spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical corrosion tests. The results show that the conversion coating is composed of magnesium, aluminium, and oxygen, and shows an amorphous structure. In the initial stage of coating formation, the grain-like nucleus is composed of Al₁₀O₁₅·xH₂O, (Al₂O₃)_5.333, Al₂O₃, AlO(OH), MgAl₂O₄, (Mg_0.88Al_0.12)(Al_0.94Mg_0.06)₂O₄, and (Mg_0.68Al_0.32)(Al_0.84Mg_0.16)₂O₄. The conversion coating formed in the 0.01 mol/L aluminium nitrate solution for 15 min can improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy greatly. The discussion reveals that the possible formation mechanism for the aluminium-based conversion coating is the reduction reaction on micro-cathodic sites due to the electrochemically heterogeneous magnesium alloy substrate.     

驱动器用环境友好压电材料的疲劳性能及物理机制研究

压电材料的疲劳性能是其在驱动器应用中的一个重要指标,开发兼有优良电致应变响应及抗疲劳性能的环境友好压电材料近来吸引了国内外广泛关注.在对具有大应变的无铅压电体系(0.935-x)Bi0.5Na0.5Ti O3-0.065Ba Ti O3-x Sr Ti O3(BNBSTx)前期研究基础上,进一步表征和分析了其单、双向电场下的疲劳性能.结果表明:该体系在疲劳106次前后,表现出优异的电学稳定性,实验中分析和讨论了有关疲劳的物理机制,认为该体系电学稳定性能优异的原因主要是其相对较低的缺陷密度,在单、双向电场下极化偏转过程中,电畴钉扎现象及局部电荷聚集现象较弱.     

基于Li2MnO3的富锂类高比容量锂离子电池正极材料的研究进展

综述了近几年来基于Li2MnO3的高比容量二元和三元富锂类锂离子电池正极材料的研究进展.重点讨论了富锂材料zLi2MnO3.(1-z)LiMO2(0相似文献