A New Translation of and Guide to Newton's Principia

This paper discusses the emergence of new medical experimental specialties at the Medical School of Surgery (Escola Médico-Cirúrgica) and the Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon University (Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa) between 1897 and 1946, as a result of the activities of Marck Athias's (1875–1946) histophysiology research school. In 1897, Marck Athias, a Portuguese physician who had graduated from the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, founded a research school in Lisbon along the lines of Michael Foster's physiology research school in England and Franz Hofmeister's physiological chemistry school in Germany. His research programme was highly innovative in Portugal. Not only did it bring together many disciples and co-workers, but it branched out and created new medical specialties within Portuguese medical science. These new disciplinary areas grew out of the study of the histology of the nervous system but eventually expanded into normal and pathological histophysiology, physiological chemistry and experimental endocrinology. The esprit de corps that existed between research school members ensured the school's success and influence in various fields social and political as well as scientific. Athias's school was strongly influenced by positivist ideals and promoted a teaching and research style that sought inspiration in Humboldt's university model, thus helping to bring about a change in the dominant scientific ethos and to modernize scientific research in Portugal during the first half of the twentieth century.     

利用锥沉深度测定液性指数的方法

对于粘性土液性指数,传统做法是：通过测试天然含水率和液、塑限含水率,然后利用公式计算得到液性指数;本文依据液、塑限联合测定法基本理论,事先建立液性指数和锥沉深度关系曲线,在实际工作中,对符合要求的试样,通过测定锥沉深度,在关系曲线上查得相应的液性指数。     

中国农村教育面临的的严峻挑战与发展思路

根据我国教育的现状和发展过程中存在的问题,分析了教育对全民科技文化水平整体素质的影响,并提出了相应的发展对策。     

新型高速公路护栏清洗装置设计

新型高速公路护栏清洗装置结合护栏的结构特点而设计,以护栏本身为导轨。工作时,清洗装置通过槽轮直接安放在护栏上,由电机驱动在护栏上独立前进。抹布采用插补原理设计,毛刷采用尼龙制造。装置适应公路的波形梁护栏结构标准,在前进的过程中同时实现高压水洗,毛刷刷洗和抹布擦洗。     

A New phenylquinolizidol of Heimiasalicifolia

Zusawwnenfassung 2-Hydroxy(a)-4-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)(e)-tvans-chinolizidin, eine Verbindung welche die strukturellen Merkmale eines vorgeschlagenen biosynthetischen Zwischenproduktes der lactonischenLythvaceae Alkaloide besitzt, wurde inSämlingen vonHeimia salicifolia nachgewiesen.     

New biochemical techniques applied to avian systematics

Résumé Les protéines solubles de la lentille et des muscles des oiseaux furent examinés au moyen de la micro-électrophorèse en agargel. La mobilité des fractions protéiques s'est présentée comme un caractère systématique important: il y a généralement des différences nettes et constantes, mais parfois aussi des ressemblances, qui indiquent probablement des relations de parenté.     

A New Role for the Hippopede of Eudoxus

The geometry of the alternative reconstruction of Eudoxan planetary theory is studied. It is shown that in this framework the hippopede acquires an analytical role, consolidating the theorys geometrical underpinnings. This removes the main point of incompatibility between the alternative reconstruction and Simpliciuss account of Eudoxan planetary astronomy. The analysis also suggests a compass and straight-edge procedure for drawing a point by point outline of the retrograde loop created by any given arrangement of the three inner spheres. (Received March 20, 2001)     

一种新型统一潮流控制器

本文提出一种基于奇异值分解（SVD）的统一潮流控制器。该控制器通过解耦直轴与交轴控制变量的交互作用,可有效减小有功和无功之间的动态交互影响。故其性能与静态解耦（sD）控制器和比例积分（PI）控制器相比,具有明显优势。     

一种改进的QC-LDPC码码型构造

低密度奇偶校验码（LDPCcodes）码是一种性能接近香浓限得线性分组码,而准循环低密度奇偶校验码（QC—LDPCcodes）是LDPC码的一个重要子类。本文中,我们提出了一种基于QC—LDPC码的改进码型,仿真结果表明在中长帧长时改进码型的性能要优于QC—LDPC码,且由于其该码的特殊结构,该码较之与QC—LDPC码更易于编码器实现。     

一种基于聚类分析的数值积分新算法

通过聚类分析找出一般数值求积公式的被积函数出现数值信息波动较大的区域,自适应地采用相应的高精度公式,构造出高精度的自适应数值求积公式.数值试验结果表明,这种新数值求积算法较一般数值求积公式,能显著地减少数据存储量和计算量,提高数值求积公式的稳定性和数值积分的精度.     

清洁生产：海水养殖业持续发展的新模式

清洁生产（Cleaner Production)是20世纪70年代兴起的新型工业生产模式,实践证明这种模式有助于产业实现可持续发展,海水养殖业具有明显的特殊性,如对海洋系统水环境赞成直接的影响,养殖水产品对污染物的富集,养殖生和的病害严重等,清洁生产是实现海水养殖业持续高效发展的先决条件,本文在较为系统地论述海水养殖业开展清洁生产必要性的基础上,阐述了我国海水养殖业开展汪有洁生产的基本思路,如立足生态养殖,发展工程化养殖等,并提出亟待解决的离岸设施生态养殖,养殖用水高效处理关键技术.