Chromosomes and giemsa-bands of the Idaho spotted ground squirrel,Spermophilus brunneus (Howell)

-Spermophilus brunneus . , 13 18 ,S. brunneus S. townsendii mollis (2n=38) , , ; ;S. brunneus . S. brunneus , Spermophilus.

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Supported by National Science Foundation Grants No. GB32114X and No. GB 29131X, and the Sprague Foundation. We thankD. Pozin for technical assistance.     

Mass spectrometric determination of the amino acid sequence in peptides: Desulfurization of sulfur-containing peptides

, N- 20 - .     

Changes in the lumen of coronary vessels under oligemic hypotension

Conclusions The decrease of circulating blood volume, resulting in oligemic hypotension, may evoke in anaesthetized cat the active constrictory coronary vessel responses of 2 types, one occuring immediately after start of the hypotension and the other having a significantly prolonged latency.

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, , , , ( 4 ), ( 45 ).

     

The role of the pentose-phosphate pathway in adjustment of the heart to a high load and the development of myocardial hypertrophy

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IdentifyingY chromosome in interphase nuclei of the human brain

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Isoforms of baker's yeast transketolase

. .     

Ontogenic development and anatomical distribution of a supernumerary limb-inducing factor

. .

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This work was supported by a Rackham Grant from the University of Michigan.     

Circadian periodicity in termination of photorefractoriness in the yellow-throated sparrow

Summary Photorefractory male yellow-throated sparrows (Gymnorhis xanthocollis) were subjected to six resonance light cycles, consisting of 6 h basic photophase coupled with scotophases of longer durations (in cycles of 12 (6L6D) h, 24 (6L18D) h, 36 (6L30D) h, 48 (6L42D) h, 60 (6L54D) h and 72 (6L66D) h). Termination of photorefractoriness was evident in cycles of 24, 48 and 72 h, but not in 12, 36 and 60 h. The results are consistent with the external-coincidence model (Bünning hypothesis) and suggest that endogenous circadian rhythmicity is involved in the termination of photorefractoriness.To whom reprint requests should be addressed.This investigation was supported by a UGC grant to PDT and BHU to PMT.     

Serum glycoprotein levels in athletes in training

Résumé Les sportifs examinés au repos, après plusieurs jours consécutifs d'entraînement ou de compétitions ont un niveau nettement plus élevé que le groupe de contrôle pour l'₁-antitrypsine, l'₂-HS-glycoprotéine, l'₂-macroglobuline, la transferrine, la céruloplasmine et le cuivre sériques. La signification biologique possible de ces faits est discutée.

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With support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Kuratorium für Sportmedizin.

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Dozenten-Stipendiat der Alexander-von-Humboldt-Stiftung.     

Über das Vorkommen verschieden substituierter Chalkone während der Mikrosporogenese beiTulipa

Summary During the development of anthers inTulipa cv. Apeldoorn the following chalcones were isolated: 2, 3, 4, 4, 6-pentahydroxychalcone as the main component and 2, 4, 4, 6-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxychalcone as well as 2, 4, 4, 6-tetrahydroxychalcone in a very small amount.

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Die Untersuchungen wurden mit Mitteln der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft unterstützt.     

The antifertility action of α-chlorohydrin: metabolism by rat and boar sperm

Summary The male antifertility agent -chlorohydrin (I) is metabolized by rat and boar sperm to -chloroactaldehyde (III), -chlorolactate (IV) and Cl^– and not to the proposed active metabolite, -chlorohydrin-1-phosphate (III). It is proposed that -chlorolactaldehyde is produced intracellularly by a specific enzyme and that this is the metabolite responsible for the species-specific antifertility activity of -chlorohydrin.This work was supported by The National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia.     

Molecular ecology of a Neolithic meadow: The DNA of the grass remains from the archaeological site of the Tyrolean Iceman

The paper reports on the molecular analysis of samples of approximately 5,300-year-old grass found at the alpine archaeological site where the so-called Tyrolean Iceman was discovered. The grass comes from a cloak made of long grass blades and/or the stuffing of the snow footwear worn by the Iceman. The results show that while the largest fraction of the DNA extractable from the grass is of foreign origin, a much smaller part belongs to the original genetic material of the grass itself, and can be used as a valuable taxonomic clue to the plant species utilized by neolithic men to manufacture their equipment. On the other hand, the foreign DNA, or at least a portion of it, comes from microorganisms-mainly filamentous fungi and unicellular algae-which seem to have been associated with the grass since the time the grass was harvested.     

Correlations between glucose-inhibition and control parameters of α-glucosidase kinetics inApis mellifica haemolymph (Hymenoptera: Insecta)

Summary Kinetics studies of haemolymph -glucosidase inhibition by D. glucose led to general correlations between inhibition and control parameters, all over the honeybee development. Maximum velocities are not affected by the inhibition, while affinity constants are always significantly increased, and Hill coefficients tend to decrease, especially in foraging adults and in prenymphs. In this later case, the n-type effect tends to break the manifestation of the K-type mechanism.     

Unraveling the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease – the contribution of monogenic forms

The field of Parkinsons disease pathogenesis is rapidly evolving from the one of a monolithic and obscure entity into the one of a complex scenario with several known molecular players. The ongoing systematic exploration of the genome holds great promise for the identification of the genetic factors conferring susceptibility to the common non-Mendelian forms of this disease. However, most of the progress of the last 5 years has come from the successful mapping and cloning of genes responsible for rare Mendelian variants of Parkinsons disease. These discoveries are providing tremendous help in understanding the molecular mechanisms of this devastating disease. Here we review the genetics of the monogenic forms of Parkinsons disease. Moreover, we focus on the mechanisms of disease caused by -synuclein and parkin mutations, and the implications of this growing body of knowledge for understanding the pathogenesis of the common forms of the disease. Received 10 March 2004; received after revision 26 April 2004; accepted 29 April 2004     

Study of neurosecretory cells ofHelix pomatia by intracellular dye injection

#x043E; , . , .     

Free radicals and aflatoxin biosynthesis

Summary The addition of some halogenated alkanes (bromotrichloromethane, carbontetrachloride and chloroform) to cultures ofA. parasiticus andA. flavus have shown a high stimulating effect on aflatoxin biosynthesis. When the production of aflatoxin increases during the stimulating effect the peroxidase activity is inhibited.Acknowledgments. Supported by Cassa di Risparmio di Roma, funds from Ministry of Education and Faculty of Science of La Sapienza Rome University.     

Ein neues Verfahren zur Herstellung von 19-Norsteroiden

Summary The new methods for the production of 19-norsteroids described involve the conversion of 5-halogen-6-hydroxy-steroids into the corresponding 5-halogen-6:19-ethers either with lead tetraacetate or by the hypoiodite reaction^8,10. The 6:19-oxygen bridge is then opened reductively either directly or after oxidation of the 6:19-ethers to lactones or preferably after introduction of a ^4,6-3-oxo grouping. Acylolytic cleavage of the ⁴-3-oxo-6:19-ethers followed by alkaline hydrolysis gives ^4,6-3-oxo-19-hydroxy-steroids. The 19-hydroxycompounds formed are easily converted into 19-norsteroids by known methods.

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Über Steroide, 189. (vorläufige) Mitteilung; 188. Mitt. vgl.J. Kalvoda, J. Schmidlin, G. Anner undA. Wettstein, Exper.18, 398 (1962).     

Weitere Untersuchungen über strukturabhängige Wirkungsunterschiede bei Cardenoliden und Bufadienoliden

Summary By means of guinea-pig auricle preparations, which were damaged in some way, it was demonstrated that bufadienolids compensate different model insufficiences more efficaciously than cardenolids; and 3,14,12-trihydroxygenins more efficaciously than 3,14-dihydroxygenins, and even better than 3,14,16-trihydroxygenins.     

Metabolism of a pharmacologically active pyrrolidine derivative (prolintane) by lactam formation

Zusammenfassung Prolintan, N-1-(-Benzylbutyl)-Pyrrolidin, wurde in Kaninchen durch ein Mikrosomensystem der Leber in das entsprechende Laktam, N-1-(-Benzylbutyl)-Pyrrolidin-2-on, umgebaut. Das gleiche Stoffwechselprodukt fand sich auch im Gewebe von Ratten, denen das Medikament gegeben wurde; allenfalls Spuren davon wurden im Urin der Ratten ausgeschieden.

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We thank Dr.D. C. Remy for a sample of syntheticdl-1-(-propylphenethyl)-pyrrolidin-2-one.