基于PAM和簇阈值的改进K-Means聚类算法

为了弥补K-Means算法对孤立点数据敏感的缺陷,提高K-Means算法对包含孤立点数据集的聚类效果,在深入研究K-Means算法的基础上,提出了基于PAM和簇阈值的改进K-Means聚类算法。该算法首先对待聚类数据进行抽样,然后利用PAM算法获取样本数据的聚类中心,以样本数据的聚类中心作为KMeans算法的初始聚类中心。在聚类迭代过程中动态计算各簇阈值,利用簇阈值准确地过滤孤立点数据。实验结果表明,本文提出的算法不仅聚类时间短,而且具有较高的聚类准确率。     

一种面向移动智能手机用户轨迹停留点提取的时空聚类算法研究

对移动智能手机定位获取的用户轨迹进行聚类分析,并基于密度的OPTICS聚类算法,提出针对时空聚类信息提取的ST-OPTICS方法,根据时空对象的时间戳改进聚类的簇排序,对同一运动轨迹下使用不同手机、不同定位方式的时空停留信息进行提取,并对聚类结果进行分析.结果表明:1ST-OPTICS算法能够识别任意形状和大小的聚簇,在参数设定和搜索邻域方面具有显著的优势,能够有效提取GPS定位抖动和漂移产生的小范围轨迹误差,提取的平均正确率在80%以上,比较适用于时空停留点的提取;2全局密度阈值中,低密度的簇易被忽略,通过更改参数设置,能提高局部时空停留点提取的正确率;3同一轨迹下,手机的定位策略不同,其停留点提取的正确率亦存在明显差异.基站定位误差是影响停留点提取精度的主要因素之一;4GPS信号由于受遮蔽物影响,造成定位错误,但对停留点提取误差的影响不大;5ST-OPTICS算法提取的平均正确率比ST-GRID高14%以上.     

平面空间时空轨迹快速聚类算法研究

针对现有聚类分析算法对平面空间时空轨迹进行聚类的不足,提出了基于区域的快速聚类方法。借助先验知识确定输入参数,使用符合现实情况的切比雪夫距离或曼哈顿距离度量点间距离以划分聚类簇,区分人的各个常驻地点;使用区域叠加的概念度量点的密度,确定簇的质心以获得每个常驻地点的中心坐标;在保证算法复杂度的前提下确定簇的边缘点,标注人在每个常驻地点的活动范围。相比现有算法,该算法更适用于时空轨迹数据分析。     

一种改进的毫米波雷达聚类算法

针对毫米波雷达数据均匀性差,数据量小,噪点多等问题,提出一种基于DBSCAN (density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise)的雷达自适应聚类算法.改进算法能够根据K近邻距离和目标反射截面自适应调整聚类半径.首先给出一种聚类半径根据K近邻距离动态调整的机制:目标第K个近邻的距离与阈值相比较,以确定阈值半径取值.再提取雷达提供的目标反射截面,基于该值计算目标假象半径作为聚类半径的补充量.实现根据目标反射截面与数据稀疏程度自适应聚类的效果.将改进算法与不同参数的DBSCAN聚类算法在真实雷达点云数据进行实验对比.相较于选取合适参数的DBSCAN算法,改进算法能够更好适应毫米波雷达点云特征,对行人目标识别准确率提高4.18％,对车辆目标识别准确率提高5.63％.     

云计算环境中面向大数据的改进密度峰值聚类算法

对密度峰值聚类算法进行有效改进,计算各样本点之间的距离和各样本点局部密度,选择两者中较大的样本点作为聚类中心点,根据其余样本点与各中心点的距离设定样本点所属类别;引入K近邻算法对密度峰值聚类算法进行优化,求解各样本点的距离时只需要考虑其周围由邻近值决定的若干样本点,实现距离阈值的自动选取;根据距离矩阵计算样本点的密度,绘制决策图并选择簇内中心点,将剩余点根据密度值分配给离中心点距离最近的类;最后将K近邻-密度峰值聚类算法部署至Hadoop云计算平台,用于解决大规模数据聚类的问题。仿真结果表明,通过合理设置K近邻算法的近邻值k,K近邻-密度峰值聚类算法具有较好的大数据样本聚类性能,与常用聚类算法相比,该算法具有更高的聚类准确率和聚类效率,适用于大数据样本聚类。     

基于反向K近邻和密度峰值初始化的加权Kmeans聚类入侵检测算法

传统Kmeans聚类算法的性能易受初始类簇中心随机性和类簇中心计算的迭代过程中边缘点和离群点反复计入的影响，为了避免这些影响，该文提出一种基于反向K近邻和密度峰值初始化的加权Kmeans聚类算法。通过样本的近邻信息计算每个样本的反向K近邻，针对不同规模、不同密度分布数据集，可以自适应地搜索密度峰值点作为初始类簇中心；自适应设定相对簇半径，并通过样本加权进行类簇中心迭代，在不同数据分布下可以有效降低边缘点和离群点对聚类结果的影响。试验结果证明，该算法在聚类性能提升的同时迭代次数大幅降低，随着入侵行为类型和数据规模的增加，该文聚类算法仍体现出较好的性能，且在发现未知攻击类型上效果显著。     

基于三支聚类的协同过滤推荐方法

通过聚类可以缩小用户近邻空间,从而一定程度缓解传统协同过滤推荐算法存在的可扩展性问题,但因部分用户丢失了有效邻居而使得推荐精度不高。为解决该问题,结合三支聚类提出了一种新的协同过滤方法。该方法分为线下聚类和线上推荐两个步骤。对用户先进行聚类,进而将用户划为核心用户和边界用户,并对这两类用户分别应用不同的聚类规则进行聚类;然后在目标用户所属的簇中产生一个预测评分,对属于多个簇的用户,则聚合每个簇的评分得到其预测结果。实验结果表明,该方法与现有基于聚类的协同过滤算法相比,能有效地提高推荐精度。     

基于聚类和时间权重的协同过滤位置预测算法

校园无线网络产生大量用户位置数据,它使掌握用户行为轨迹、预测用户位置成为可能.协同过滤广泛用于预测和推荐系统中,但现有研究存在数据稀疏性和不适用于处理时空数据的缺点.本文提出基于聚类和时间权重的协同过滤位置预测算法.首先利用DBSCAN聚类算法对用户进行聚类,缓解数据稀疏性.然后在簇内计算用户-位置评分矩阵时引入时间权重,使用户近期的位置签到对预测有更大贡献.与传统协同过滤方法相比,该方法准确率提高9.1%,召回率提高5.2%,F1-SCORE提高7%.     

阈值引导采样法的船舶轨迹简化算法

为了解决大多数的轨迹简化算法缺乏对轨迹多个特征的综合衡量的问题，提出了一种融合位置、方向、速度与时序等多个轨迹特征，基于阈值引导采样的船舶轨迹简化算法。该算法以角度阈值法思想为基础，计算轨迹点的前后多个特征差，与设置的阈值进行对比，进而实现对轨迹的简化。利用船舶AIS轨迹数据对该算法进行轨迹简化和轨迹聚类实验。实验结果表明,该轨迹简化算法在简化率、简化误差率上均优于角度阈值算法，能保留原始轨迹的形状，并且简化后的轨迹数据能运用于轨迹聚类，聚类效果良好。     

一种基于K-Means的平衡约束聚类算法

聚类是一种重要数据分析技术,在众多领域中得到广泛地应用.然而,由于数据分布的内在特点,传统的聚类算法并不能保证聚类结果具有平衡性,这与很多现实的需求不一致.本文提出了一种基于K-Means的平衡约束聚类算法,该算法对K-Means算法每次迭代中数据点的分配策略进行修改,达到对每个簇可包含的数据点数目上限进行约束的目的.同时,算法支持用户自定义簇可包含的数据点数目上限,满足不同的平衡约束聚类需求.另外,本算法参数少,只需设置目标簇数目及其可包含的数据点数目上限,时间复杂度低,具有简单、快速的特点.在6个UCI(University of California Irvine)真实数据集上进行的实验结果表明,文中提出的平衡约束聚类算法相比其他平衡约束聚类算法具有更佳的聚类效果和时间性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that