Sporeless mutants of Bacillus thuringiensis. II. mutants derived from var. thuringiensis and var. sotto.

Three sporeless mutants of Bacillus thuringiensis, 2 derived from var. thuringiensis and 1 from var. sotto were selected after mutagenic treatment. They were completely lacking in ability to form spores, yet maintained intact insecticidal activity.     

A.T.P. et extractibilité des myosines

Summary A.T.P. has no influence upon the solubility of the myosins, but it hastens the dissociation of the myosin complexes inside of the myofibrils.The decrease in solubility of the myosins in stimulated muscles cannot be explained by a lack of A.T.P., for the addition of A.T.P. (0.3%) to the extract does not change the amount of myosin which goes into solution.     

The effects of age and nutritional state on m.e.p.p. amplitude

Summary A quantitative restriction of food intake for 7 days reduced the amplitude of spontaneous miniature endplate potentials by about 1/3 in rats aged 30 days but not in rats aged 110 days.I would like to thank Dr D. V. Roberts for encouragement and advice and the Medical Research Council and the Muscular Dystrophy Group of Great Britain for financial support.     

Water compartments in the myelinated nerve. III. Pulsed NMR results.

3 experimentally distinct transverse relaxation components of the water in frog sciatic nerve are obtained by Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill technique. The relative weights of these components: approximately 29%; approximately 50%; approximately 21% fit well with water compartments in this tissue as revealed by previous methods.     

The evolutionary history ofDrosophila buzzatii. V. Differential survivorship onOpuntia betweenD. buzzatii andD. serido

Summary Survival time ofDrosophila buzzatii adults on anOpuntia (prickly pear) medium was significantly longer than that of its nearest relativeD. serido. A significant difference was also found betweenD. buzzatii adults from two experimental populations, one of them fed onOpuntia rots for more than two years and another one kept on standardDrosophila medium for the same period of time. These results suggest that adult selection may be taking place in cactiphilicDrosophila in their natural habitats and could be responsible for the niche differentiation betweenD. buzzatii andD. serido.This work has been supported by the Comisión Asesora de investigación Científica y Técnica, Spain, by funds to project 4514/79 awarded to the third author.     

Ultrastructure of cell-mediated immunity. I. Comparison between E and EA rosettes.

The ultrastructural comparison between E and EA rosettes showed that, in the former, the rosetting lymphocytes are mostly round in shape and their interaction with sheep erythrocytes only consists of limited areas of membrane contact, in the latter, rosetting lymphocytes are mostly in the shape of uropods and surrounding ox red cells show pseudopods protruding towards the lymphocyte and coming into contact with it.     

Biochemical compartmentation of fish tissues. II. Nonspecific phosphomonoesterases in brain.

The specific activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases in different regions of the brain of 9 nutritionally important fishes were worked out. The region consisting of pituitary, hypothalamus and thalamus showed the highest acid and alkaline phosphatase activities. Least activities of both the enzymes were found in the cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The piscivorous fishes contain the highest acid and alkaline phosphatase activity followed by cat fishes and major carps. The distributional pattern of these 2 enzymes in 4 regions of the brain of 9 fishes is the same.     

Toxic substances produced byFusarium. III. Production and screening of phytotoxic substances ofF. oxysporum f. sp.carthami responsible for the wilt disease of safflowerCarthamus tinctorius Linn.

Summary Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.carthami, a causative agent for the wilt disease of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linn.), has been shown to produce diacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin, fusaric acid and lycomarasmin in artificial media. These substances produced disease syndromes, similar to those seen after the natural infection, when administered in healthy plants. Diacetoxyscirpenol and T-2 toxin have been detected in diseased safflower plants after inoculating with the wilt pathogen. This study is the first demonstration of vivotoxicity of diacetoxyscirpenol.     

Antidesmanol-a new pentacyclic triterpenoid fromAntidesma menasu Miq. ex. Tul.

Summary Antidesmanol (1), a new pentacyclic triterpenoid, has been isolated along with n-tritriacontane, friedelin, canophyllal and canophyllol from the aerial parts ofAntidesma menasu. Based on chemical and spectroscopic evidence, its structure has been established as 3-keto-16-hydroxyfriedelane. n-Tritriacontane and friedelin have shown antiinflammatory and diuretic activities respectively in experimental animals.CDRI Communication No. 2536.     

Chiasmate meiosis in roaches. II. Meiosis in Blatella supellectilium Serv.

Summary In the cockroach, Blattella supellectilium Serv., meiosis in the male is of a normal, chiasmatic type, with an average chiasma frequency of 1.3 per bivalent (2n=22+XO).This paper is dedicated to my Professor and Principal, Dr J.C. Uttangi, who retired recently.I express with pleasure sincere thanks to my colleague Dr R. M. Patil for his valuable suggestions during the course of this work.     

美国登月火箭项目进展

研究美国登月火箭的项目管理有助于我国探月工程的规划。2004年美国公布重返月球计划。为实现这一目标,美国国家航空航天局决定以航天飞机推进系统为基础研制新型运载火箭。新火箭于2006年被命名为“战神”,包括“战神”-1乘员运载火箭和“战神”-5货物运载火箭两种型号。目前,“战神”-1火箭已完成系统需求评审,进入设计评审阶段。火箭第一级、上面级、上面级发动机以及电子设备的研制合同都已于2007年授出。预计2009年5月进行首次试验飞行,2015年3月进行首次载人飞行。而“战神”-5火箭还处于早期研究阶段。由于预算调整和航天项目的复杂性,“战神”火箭的研制已经有所拖延。虽然大型航天集团和国家航空航天局努力争取更多预算,但“战神”火箭未来的研制不排除进一步拖延的可能。     

Comparative evaluation of 7 helminth antigens in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (E.L.I.S.A.).

112 sera from Europeans with parasitologically proven helminthiasis were tested in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (E.L.I.S.A.) against 6 crude extracts of various helminths (2 of adult worms: Dipetalonema viteae, Fasciola hepatica; 3 of eggs: Ascaris suum, Toxocara canis, Schistosoma mansoni; and of Echinococcus granulosus scolices) and against bovine hydatid fluid. Each serum was tested simultaneously at a fixed dilution of 1:160 against all antigens. Extensive cross-reactions were observed, leading to the conclusion that non-purified helminth antigens, even in combination, are of limited value for reliable serodiagnosis in E.L.I.S.A.     

Astragalin ausPodophyllum peltatum L. undP. emodi Wall.

Summary A yellow flavonoid pigment, which occurs as a companion of the lignan glycosides inPodophyllum peltatum L. andP. emodi Wall. has been identified as astragalin (=kaempferol-3-glucoside).

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18. Mitt. über mitoschemmende Naturstoffe. 17. Mitt.:E. Schreier, Helv. chim. Acta47, 1529 (1964).     

Zum 70. Geburtstag von C. G. Jung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Antiparasitic agents. 4. Injectable phenylguanidine anthelmintics

Summary A series of phenylguanidine anthelminties has been discovered to be active by injection against nematode and trematode species.For the previous paper in this series, see R. D. Haugwitz, B. V. Maurer, G. A. Jacobs, V. L. Narayanan, L. R. Cruthers and J. Szanto, J. med. Chem.22, 1113 (1979).     

New carotenoids fromStreptomyces mediolani n. sp.

Riassunto Dal micelio diStreptomyces mediolani n. sp., coltivato in condizioni aereate e sommerse, sono stati isolati isorenieratene e due nuovi carotenoidi fenolici. In base ai risultati della demolizione ossidativa sono state attribuite ai due nuovi composti le strutture corrispondenti al 3-ossiisorenieratene e 3, 3-diossiisorenieratene. È stata inoltre realizzata la sintesi dei due pigmenti con un procedimento comportante una condensazione, secondo Wittig, fra crocetindialdeide e gli appropriati alogenuri di benzilfosfonio.