硅酸甲基三(氯乙基)酯的合成及表征

以四氯化硅、甲醇和环氧乙烷为原料,合成硅卤协同阻燃增塑剂硅酸甲基三(氯乙基)酯.探讨反应物质的量比、反应温度及反应时间等对产品收率的影响.最适宜的工艺条件:四氯化硅与甲醇的物质的量比为1∶1,四氯化硅与环氧乙烷的物质的量比为1∶3.2,反应温度为30℃,反应时间为2 h,产率为98%.并采用FTIR,1H-NMR,极限氧指数等技术表征化合物硅酸甲基三(氯乙基)酯的分子结构及性能.     

硅酸四(二氯丙基)酯的合成及表征

以四氯化硅和环氧氯丙烷为原料,合成新型硅卤协同阻燃剂硅酸四(二氯丙基)酯.探讨反应物质的量比,反应温度及反应时间等对产品收率的影响,确定最佳工艺条件为四氯化硅与环氧氯丙烷的物质的量比为1:4.4,反应温度为95℃,反应时间为8h,产品产率为98％.并采用元素分析FTIR、1H-NMR、极限氧指数等技术表征硅酸四(二氯丙基)酯的分子结构及相关性能.     

硅酸四(氯乙基)酯的合成及表征

以四氯化硅和环氧乙烷为原料,合成新型硅卤协同阻燃剂硅酸四(氯乙基)酯.探讨反应物质的量比、反应温度以及反应时间等对产品收率的影响,筛选出最适宜的工艺条件为:四氯化硅与环氧乙烷的物质的量比为1∶4.2,反应温度为25～50℃,反应时间为2h,产品收率为98%.并采用FTIR、1 H-NMR、极限氧指数等技术表征了硅酸四(氯乙基)酯的分子结构及相关性能.     

新型硅酸酯阻燃剂的制备及其性能

以三溴苯氧基氯丙醇、四氯化硅为主要原料合成新型硅、氯、溴三元素协同高效阻燃剂硅酸四(三溴苯氧基氯丙基)酯.探讨了反应温度、时间对产率的影响,得到最适宜的工艺条件:四氯化硅与三溴苯氧基氯丙醇物质的量比为1∶4,120℃反应6h,产率达97.6%.FTIR、1 H NMR的表征结果表明产品与目标产物结构一致,极限氧指数的测试结果表明产品的阻燃性能优良.     

微波辅助下苯并噁唑衍生物的合成与结构表征

在微波辐射条件下,以邻氨基苯酚衍生物和原甲酸三乙酯为原料,发生分子间和分子内的消去反应合成了5种取代苯并噁唑化合物,其结构通过IR、NMR和ESI MS等证实.通过对反应影响因素的考察,最佳的反应条件是:在无溶剂条件下,邻氨基苯酚衍生物与原甲酸三乙酯的物质的量比为1∶1.5,反应温度为100℃,反应时间为15min,目标产物最高产率可达94.9%.     

液质联用分析四酚基乙烷产率的研究

以离子交换树脂为催化剂,苯酚与乙二醛为原料,合成了四酚基乙烷。采用高效液相色谱仪与质谱仪联用分析四酚基乙烷含量,建立了分析和计算四酚基乙烷产率的方法,研究了合成反应条件（酚醛比、反应时间）对四酚基乙烷产率的影响。结果表明,增加苯酚的用量,四酚基乙烷产率先提高后下降,当苯酚与乙二醛物质的量比为15∶1时产率达到31.14%（反应时间8h）;增加反应时间到32h,四酚基乙烷产率提高到78.80%,24h后产率提高变缓。     

肉桂酸催化合成工艺的研究

通过Perkin法合成肉桂酸,研究了反应物物质的量比、催化剂种类及其用量、阻聚剂种类及其用量、反应温度和反应时间对肉桂酸产率的影响;实验结果表明,合成肉桂酸的最佳条件是苯甲醛与醋酸酐物质的量比为1∶3,以无水碳酸钾为催化剂,其用量为4.5 g,以2%的对二苯酚为阻聚剂,反应时间为2 h,反应温度为170℃,肉桂酸产率可达69.32%;工艺简单,操作方便,无环境污染,产品纯度高,是合成肉桂酸较为理想的方法。     

苯直接羟化制苯酚的新工艺

提出了TS-1分子筛为催化剂、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为相转移催化剂、氨水为调节剂以及双氧水为氧化剂的苯直接羟化制苯酚的新工艺。考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧化剂用量和调节剂种类对苯直接羟化反应的影响。确定了反应的最佳条件,当反应时间为2h,反应温度为313K,氨水、催化剂、双氧水、相转移催化剂、苯五者物质的量之比为2.80:0.10∶2.52∶0.005∶1时,苯酚产率可达66.32%。     

氯乙酸水解合成羟基乙酸的合成条件改进

研究了氯乙酸水解合成羟基乙酸的各种影响因素,包括氯乙酸和氢氧化钠的物质的量比,反应温度,反应时间以及氢氧化钠的质量分数.得出理想的反应条件为:氯乙酸和氢氧化钠的物质的量比为1.15∶1,反应温度为105℃,反应时间为10 h,氢氧化钠的质量分数为40%,此反应条件下羟基乙酸的产率大于93%.且该方法工艺简单,易操作,对环境污染小.     

合成邻硝基苯甲醚的一种新方法

在乙腈、聚乙二醇存在下,用苯甲醚与硝酸铈铵反应合成了邻硝基苯甲醚.最佳反应条件为:苯甲醚与硝酸铈铵的物质的量比为5∶5.5,反应温度50℃,反应时间2h.邻硝基苯甲醚的产率达71.2%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with