碳纤维改善水泥石韧性试验研究

针对油田中后期开发面临的固井质量问题，即水泥环脆性破裂问题，对水泥石韧性测定方法进行了讨论，采用水泥试件抗折强度和弹性模量试验以及薄片分析对碳纤维改善水泥石的韧性进行了考察，并分析了碳纤维改善水泥石韧性的机理。结果表明，纤维的加入可以使水泥石的抗折强度提高30％以上；随纤维掺量的增加，水泥石的弹性模量减小，泊松比增加；纤维在水泥石中的分布有效地阻止了裂纹的发展，增强了水泥石的韧性抗断裂能力。对于水泥石的抗折强度存在着最佳纤维长度和纤维掺量，本试验条件下，纤维的最佳长度为700～l400μm，最佳掺量为0．12％～0．19％。     

丁苯胶乳对固井水泥石性能的影响

针对油田中后期开发面临的固井水泥环受腐蚀、脆性破裂的问题,采用水泥石抗腐蚀性分析、试件抗压和抗折强度实验,对胶乳改善水泥石的抗腐蚀性和韧性进行了研究,分析了胶乳改善水泥石抗腐蚀性和韧性的机理。结果表明,胶乳水泥石比普通水泥石抗腐蚀能力明显提高;随着水泥石中胶乳加量增加,水泥石的脆性系数逐渐减小,抗折强度逐渐增大,韧性增强。m(胶乳)∶m(水泥)在1∶10～1.5∶10时,水泥石的致密程度最高,渗透率最小。     

碳纤维改性粉煤灰-偏高岭土地聚合物混凝土的力学性能研究

【目的】地聚合物混凝土由于强度高、耐久性好、低碳环保等优点受到了广泛关注，然而抗裂性差、韧性差等缺陷制约了其应用。【方法】将10组不同体积掺量的碳纤维掺入粉煤灰-偏高岭土地聚合物混凝土中，分析碳纤维体积掺量对地聚合物混凝土轴心抗压强度、弹性模量、抗折强度及折压比的影响。【结论】结果表明，掺入碳纤维可同时对地聚合物混凝土产生增强、增韧的效应；随着碳纤维掺量的增加，地聚合物混凝土轴心抗压强度、弹性模量、抗折强度及折压比均呈先增加后减小的变化趋势，最优碳纤维掺量为0.8%～1.0%;碳纤维对地聚合物混凝土抗折强度的提升效能约优于抗压强度的2倍。为碳纤维改性地聚合物混凝土的工程应用提供进一步的参考。     

聚丙烯纤维掺量对磷酸镁水泥混凝土性能影响

目的研究聚丙烯纤维掺量对磷酸镁水泥混凝土力学性能和耐久性能的影响,得出其在磷酸镁水泥混凝土中的最佳掺量.方法在磷酸镁水泥混凝土中掺入不同掺量的聚丙烯纤维,通过抗折、抗压、耐磨、抗冻等试验,分析其产生的影响.结果当聚丙烯纤维掺量分别为0.9 kg/m~3和1.1 kg/m~3时,磷酸镁水泥混凝土试块的抗折强度比不掺加聚丙烯纤维时分别提高了33.3%和18.5%;当聚丙烯纤维掺量为1.1 kg/m~3时,磷酸镁水泥混凝土的单位面积磨损量比不掺加聚丙烯纤维的混凝土试块降低了25.4%;当磷酸镁水泥混凝土试块中聚丙烯纤维掺量为1.1 kg/m~3时,混凝土的相对动弹性模量损失最小,抗冻性能最好;聚丙烯纤维在磷酸镁水泥混凝土中的最佳掺量为1.1 kg/m~3.结论聚丙烯纤维是一种弹性模量低、强度高、耐磨、耐腐蚀的合成纤维,掺入到磷酸镁水泥混凝土中可以有效地提高混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度、耐磨和抗冻等性能.     

油井水泥石脆性降低的途径及其作用机理

针对国内油田薄油层井、小间隙井和侧钻井固井后射孔及后续增产措施造成的水泥环脆裂(即二次窜流)问题,为了降低水泥石的脆性,正确评价不同材料对水泥石韧性或弹性的影响,对掺有胶乳、橡胶粉和PVA纤维水泥石的抗折强度、抗压强度、抗冲击功和弹性模量等力学性能进行了研究,并对3种材料的作用机理进行了剖析.研究结果表明,与净浆水泥石相比,掺有胶乳和橡胶粉水泥石的弹性模量分别降低了69%～76%和49%～60%,掺有PVA纤维水泥石的抗冲击功和抗折强度分别提高了9%～89%和16%～37%.胶乳、橡胶粉与水泥水化产物的有效铰接和桥联作用显著提高了水泥石的弹性,PVA纤维的有效阻裂作用显著提高了水泥石的韧性.     

纳米粒子和PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料抗折性能研究

通过抗折试验和抗折试验后小立方体抗压强度试验,探讨了纳米粒子掺量、PVA纤维掺量和石英砂粒径对水泥基复合材料抗折性能的影响。结果表明,纳米粒子掺量、PVA纤维体积掺量和石英砂粒径对水泥基复合材料抗折强度和抗折试验后小立方体抗压强度有较大影响。PVA纤维水泥基复合材料的抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度随着纳米SiO₂掺量增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,当纳米SiO₂掺量达到1.5%和1.0%时,抗折强度和抗压强度分别达到最大值;随着纤维体积掺量的增大,掺纳米SiO₂水泥基复合材料抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度逐渐增大,但当PVA纤维体积掺量超过0.6%时,小立方体抗压强度有逐渐降低的趋势;随着石英砂粒径的减小,抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度逐渐降低,采用粒径a石英砂配制的水泥基复合材料具有更高的抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度。     

纳米粒子和聚乙烯醇纤维增强水泥基复合材料抗折性能

通过抗折试验和抗折试验后小立方体抗压强度试验,探讨了纳米粒子掺量、聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维掺量和石英砂粒径对水泥基复合材料抗折性能的影响。结果表明,纳米粒子掺量、PVA纤维体积掺量和石英砂粒径对水泥基复合材料抗折强度和抗折试验后小立方体抗压强度有较大影响。PVA纤维水泥基复合材料的抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度随着纳米Si O_2掺量增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,当纳米Si O_2掺量达到1.5%和1.0%时,抗折强度和抗压强度分别达到最大值;随着纤维体积掺量的增大,掺纳米Si O_2水泥基复合材料抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度逐渐增大,但当PVA纤维体积掺量超过0.6%时,小立方体抗压强度有逐渐降低的趋势;随着石英砂粒径的减小,抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度逐渐降低,采用粒径a石英砂配制的水泥基复合材料具有更高的抗折强度和小立方体抗压强度。     

碳纤维水泥配伍性试验研究

水平井、小眼井钻井技术的应用以及薄油层的开发易使水泥石射孔开裂,从而造成上下油水层串通,因此对水泥石韧性有了更高的要求。为了满足固井施工过程中对水泥浆性能以及对水泥石性能的要求,根据国家固井水泥性能测定操作标准,对碳纤维水泥进行了针对性的配伍性试验研究,包括水泥浆流变性、稠化时间、失水量以及水泥石抗压强度、抗折强度等方面的配伍性试验。研究结果表明,碳纤维与水泥以及水泥添加剂具有良好的配伍性;一定尺寸的短碳纤维可以有效地提高水泥浆的流变性和水泥石的抗折、抗压强度。     

油井水泥纤维增韧材料的研究与应用

为了解决国内油田薄油层井、小间隙井和侧钻井固井后射孔及后续增产措施造成的水泥环脆裂(即二次窜流)问题,研制开发了油井水泥纤维增韧材料(增韧剂F17F).对增韧水泥石的各种力学性能(抗折强度、抗冲击功、弹性模量和应力/应变关系等)及纤维增韧水泥浆体系的工程性能进行了测试.结果表明,增韧水泥石的弹性模量降低了16.9%~48.0%,抗冲击功提高了27.0%~68.0%,抗折强度提高了15.9%~33.0%;增韧水泥的流动性得到改善,其失水量和析水率显著降低.此外,还进行了聚能射孔试验、地面打灰试验、1口井的现场打水泥塞试验和2 口井的现场固井试验.室内实验和现场试验结果表明:增韧水泥的强度、抗冲击能力及其综合工程性能均能满足固井施工的要求.     

碳纤维水泥配伍性试验研究

水平井、小眼井钻井技术的应用以及薄油层的开发易使水泥石射孔开裂，从而造成上下油水层串通，因此对水泥石韧性有了更高的要求。为了满足固井施工过程中对水泥浆性能以及对水泥石性能的要求，根据国家固井水泥性能测定操作标准，对碳纤维水泥进行了针对性的配伍性试验研究，包括水泥浆流变性、稠化时间、失水量以及水泥石抗压强度、抗折强度等方面的配伍性试验。研究结果表明，碳纤维与水泥以及水泥添加剂具有良好的配伍性：一定尺寸的短碳纤维可以有效地提高水泥浆的流变性和水泥石的抗折、抗压强度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~