真空隔热板用于低温冷柜的漏热实验设计与分析

对真空隔热板和传统保温材料聚氨酯制成的两种低温冷柜进行了漏热实验分析.完成了低温冷柜温度闭环控制系统的设计.利用冰蓄冷空调系统调节测试室的温度,采用自适应参数的PID温度调节器控制低温冷柜内的温度.开发完成的软件运行可靠、人机交互界面友好、数据可动态显示并存储和打印.实验结果表明,低温冷柜隔热层用真空隔热板部分替代聚氨酯具有更好的热工性能和节能效果.     

旋流燃烧室内三维等温流场研究

采用三维RNG κ-ε湍流模型进行了旋流燃烧室内等温流场的数值模拟，给出了旋流燃烧室内不同截面位置速度分布的计算结果．数值模拟结果与文献中实验数据的比较表明，两者符合较好．该燃烧室采用叶片式旋流器并配置一次和二次空气径向射流．比较了一次空气射流和二次空气射流对燃烧室内流场的影响．研究结果表明，经旋流器进入燃烧室的旋转气流和一次射流空气在燃烧室头部形成回流区，这将有助于缩短火焰长度和稳定燃烧．一次空气射流深度几乎达到燃烧室中心，有利于气流的混合并增大回流量；二次空气射流深度较浅，其对燃烧室内流场的影响较小，     

流化床式风水联合冷渣器冷态空气流场的数值模拟

用数值模拟的方法，计算了某风水联合冷渣器内空气场的速度、压力等参数的分布，并与实验结果进行了对照，发现计算结果与实验测量值符合得很好，准确地模拟了冷渣器内空气速度场的分布．同时，也给出了流场内的速度矢量分布及压力分布，并对流场内的流动特性进行了分析，指出流场内部分区域出现的旋流可能是造成这种冷渣器不能顺利排渣的原因之一．     

蓄热式加热炉流场的数值模拟

利用大型软件CFX建立了蓄热式加热炉炉内速度场的数学模型．采用k-ε模型数值模拟炉内的湍流流动，分析喷口几何形状及尺寸，喷口的分布位置等对炉内的速度分布的影响．计算结果为，蓄热式加热炉炉内流场与传统加热炉迥然不同，流场分布有利于燃料和助燃空气的混合，符合高温低氧燃烧的的流场分布．另外，影响炉内速度场的因素有炉型结构、喷口几何形状与尺寸及喷口的分布位置等．     

纵向直进气道电喷天然气发动机进气过程的数值模拟

提出了渐缩形直进气道发动机的进气过程的多维数值解析方法，探明了气缸内纵向滚流的存在，通过与实验结果对比，验证了该计算方法的可行性。在此基础上，考察了渐缩形直进气道应用于多点电喷(MPI)天然气发动时，天然气喷射后进气岐管内的天然气浓度场和压力场，以及随后天然气—空气混合气在气缸内的质量分布和速度分布。结果表明，若仅把MPI汽油机的喷油器用天然气喷射阀更换，大量的天然气喷到进气阀后反射，造成天然气发动机进气岐管内的燃料浓度场、压力场与MPI汽油机明显不同；并且进气阀被打开后，先期吸入气缸的天然气在纵向滚流的作用下被挤向进气阀底部下方，与后期吸入气缸的空气形成明显的分层充气构造。     

柴油机压缩过程紊流场规律的研究

在直喷式柴油机气缸和燃烧室中利用热线风速仪研究了紊流场的发展变化规律;在两种不同压缩间隙情况下对压缩过程中紊流场进行测量的结果表明,只有在压缩过程的初期及中期,紊流场才可以近似地当做均匀各向同性紊流场,而在循环的其它时间内,气缸和燃烧室内的紊流场属于非均匀各向异性的;通过对气缸和燃烧室中空气运动的力、能转换的分析,导出了上止点附近燃烧室内涡流转速的估算公式,利用该公式得到的结果与试验结果相当吻合。研究和探讨了燃烧室中空气涡流和紊流强度增加的原因及其影响因素。     

空调客车室内三维紊流流动与传热数值研究

空调车空内空气的速度场,温度场研究是空调车室内气流组织设计及车室内舒适环境评价与研究的基础。空调客车运行环境恶劣,太阳辐射作用及复杂的车室内部结构等直接影响客车室内的温度场与空气速度场分布。     

纵向涡发生器强化换热的场协同分析

通过在流道内安装三角形涡发生器可以产生纵向涡旋。本文以场协同理论为指导讨论了在较低壁温（小于120℃）条件下、Re在800－7000范围内，空气介质在强迫对流的情况下，水平加热片上安装三角形涡发生器的强化换热机制。     

舰船空气尾流场特性及其控制技术研究综述

舰船空气尾流场是影响舰载机安全起降的重要因素之一;其相关研究在舰载机作战、舰船操纵、海上航空气象保障等领域具有重要意义。总结了无耦合条件下、舰船/舰载机耦合条件下的舰船空气尾流场特性相关研究成果,分析了当前舰船空气尾流场的控制技术研究现状;并提出基于射流技术的新型舰船空气尾流场控制技术;可为舰船空气尾流场特性和控制技术研究提供有益的参考。     

基于无叶风扇改造的某型地铁车厢气流组织实验与数值模拟研究

为改善地铁车厢内气流组织提升热舒适性,采用基于涡轮技术开发的无叶风扇引入地铁车厢进行改造。采用实验和数值模拟相结合的方法研究地铁车厢改造前后不同工况下车厢内气流组织,并从速度场、温度场、空气龄、空气分布特性对研究结果进行分析。研究结果表明：采用无叶风扇对地铁车厢进行改造后,合理设计无叶风扇的送风速度可提升车厢内气流组织性能。与改造前相比,采用无叶风扇且送风速度为4 m/s时,车厢内气流速度不均匀系数降低了0.16,呼吸区平均空气龄降低了3.7 s,空气分布特性指标提升了11.09%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that