脂肪乳诱导SD大鼠与KM小鼠高脂血症模型的对比研究

目的 通过脂肪乳诱导SD大鼠与昆明种小鼠高脂血症模型的对比研究,以期为高脂血症发病机制的研究提供参考,并为降脂药物的研发提供动物疾病模型选择的依据。方法 通过脂肪乳分别对昆明种小鼠及SD大鼠灌胃2周和4周诱导高脂血症模型,检测动物血脂4项(TG、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C)、肝脂(TG、TC)及肝组织病变程度。结果 与对照组比较,昆明种小鼠脂肪乳灌胃2周,血脂无明显变化;灌胃4周,可见肝组织出现轻度病理损伤,但血脂和肝脂仍无明显变化。SD大鼠脂肪乳灌胃2周,血清TC、LDL-C明显升高(P<0.001、P<0.01),HDL-C明显降低(P<0.001),TG无明显变化;脂肪乳灌胃4周,大鼠血清TG、TC、LDL-C明显升高(P<0.001、P<0.01),HDL-C明显降低(P<0.001),并可见肝脏明显肿大,颜色发白,肝组织病变程度较重,有明显的脂肪空泡出现。结论 脂肪乳灌胃4周诱导SD大鼠高脂血症模型较佳。     

长爪沙鼠高脂血症造模方法的比较

目的比较长爪沙鼠高脂血症模型的4种造模方法。方法选取用于复制大鼠高脂血症动物模型的4种配方饲料,饲喂长爪沙鼠60 d,分别在0 d、30 d、60 d空腹12 h后眼眶取血,测定血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的含量,观察肝组织的形态学变化。结果4种高脂配方饲料在30 d、60 d均使长爪沙鼠血清的TC、HDL-C、LDL-C的值明显高于对照组,以TC升高最为明显,并且LDL-C的增加幅度明显大于HDL-C的增加,并出现不同程度的脂肪肝。结论 4种高脂配方饲料均可复制长爪沙鼠高脂血症模型。     

五味子酯乙对高脂血症小鼠血脂水平的影响

目的 探讨五味子木脂素中的活性成分—五味子酯乙对高脂血症模型小鼠血脂代谢的影响。方法 将90只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为6组,每组15只,分别为对照组,模型组,五味子总木脂素组(50 mg/kg),五味子酯乙低(2 mg/kg)、中(4 mg/kg)、高(8 mg/kg)剂量组。除对照组外,其他各组均采用高脂饲料(HFD)饲养12周。第8周灌胃给药,对照组和模型组给予同等体积溶媒,连续4周。给药结束后,取小鼠血液和肝脏,检测体质量、肝脏指数及血清中TG、TC、LDL-C和HDL-C含量,应用HE染色法观察肝脏病理形态变化。结果 与对照组比较,模型组小鼠体质量上升趋势显著,肝脏指数增大(P<0.01),血清中TG、TC、LDL-C水平上升(P<0.01),HLD-C水平下降(P<0.01),肝细胞胞质中可见大量大小不一的脂肪空泡,肝索排列紊乱;与模型组比较,给药后各给药组小鼠体质量上升平缓,肝脏指数及TG、TC、LDL-C水平下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),HDL-C水平上升(P<0.05或P<0.01),肝组织HE染色显示脂肪变性好转。...     

两种乳杆菌对高脂小鼠降血脂作用的研究

高血脂与心血管疾病密切相关,研究发现补充具有胆盐水解酶活力的益生菌可以有效改善脂质代谢,因此对实验室现有的水解胆盐能力较强的植物乳杆菌AR113和水解胆盐能力较差的干酪乳杆菌LC2W进行体内降血脂试验,探讨其对高脂饮食小鼠血脂的影响。以ICR小鼠为实验动物,随机分成4组:对照组、高脂模型组、高脂模型+菌株AR113组、高脂模型+菌株LC2W组。4周造模成功后开始连续灌胃菌液4周,研究其对小鼠体重、脏器指数、血清总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、肝脏TC和甘油三酯(TG)的影响。结果显示菌株AR113比LC2W降低血清血脂和肝脏血脂效果更好,菌株AR113对高脂血症小鼠具有显著的降胆固醇作用。     

商洛杜仲叶多糖对高血脂模型小鼠的降血脂作用

为探究商洛杜仲叶多糖对高血脂模型小鼠脂质代谢的影响,以昆明种小鼠为实验动物,随机分成6组:空白对照组,模型对照组,阳性对照组及低剂量(50mg/kg BW)、中剂量(100mg/kg BW)和高剂量(150mg/kg BW)杜仲叶多糖组,每组15只。空白对照组给予基础饲料,后5组喂以高脂饲料,将小鼠灌胃杜仲叶多糖4周后,分别测定各组小鼠血清和肝脏组织中脂质水平。结果表明:杜仲叶多糖能够明显降低小鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、脂蛋白a(Lp-a)和载脂蛋白B(Apo-B)水平、动脉硬化指数(AI)和冠心指数(R-CHR),肝脏组织中TC、TG含量亦有明显降低。同时,血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和载脂蛋白A(Apo-A)水平明显升高。在高脂膳食条件下,杜仲叶多糖能够起到降低血清中血脂水平和肝脏中脂质代谢的作用,具有良好的降血脂作用,其中以中剂量组降血脂效果最好。     

茶多酚复方制剂降血脂实验研究

目的:探讨茶多酚复方制剂对高血脂症大鼠的血脂调节作用。方法:将120只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、高脂模型组和治疗组3组,正常组基础饲料饲喂生理灌喂,高脂模型组高脂饲料饲喂生理盐水灌喂,治疗组高脂饲料饲饲喂茶多酚复方制剂灌喂。实验持续8周,每2周每组随机宰杀10只,测定血液TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C含量。结果:整个实验期,治疗组大鼠血液TC、TG、LDL-C含量显著低于高脂模型组(P<0.05),而血液HDL-C含量显著高于高脂模型组(P<0.05)。结论:茶多酚复方制剂具有降血脂作用。     

番茄红素抗高脂血症鹌鹑氧自由基和脂质过氧化作用

为研究番茄红素（Lycopene）对氧自由基的清除作用及抗脂质过氧化的作用。采用食饵法诱导鹌鹑高脂模型,实验组分空白对照组、高脂模型组、番茄红素组（40mg／kg和20mg／kg）,给药后每4周抽1次血,连续2次,分别测定血浆TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL—C和血浆及肝脏MDA、SOD。结果显示：高脂饮食诱导4周后动物血浆和肝脏TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C和MDA含量上升,SOD活力下降。番茄红素用药4周后可降低血浆和肝脏中的TC、TG、LDL-C和MDA含量,升高HDL-C含量和SOD活力,且呈剂量依赖关系。由此可知,番茄红素对鹌鹑高脂血症模型具有抗氧自由基和脂质过氧化作用。     

温胆汤对高脂血症大鼠及小鼠体内脂质代谢调节机理研究

目的 :探求温胆汤对实验动物体内脂质代谢调节作用的机理。方法 :采用腹腔注射蛋黄乳剂的方法建立急性高脂血症小鼠模型 ,观察温胆汤对急性高脂血症成年小鼠粪便脂质含量、血清总胆固醇 (TC)、血清总甘油三酯 (TG)、低密度胆固醇 (LDL c)含量、血清丙二醛 (MDA)含量、血清超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性、肝脏总脂解酶(LA)活性、脂蛋白脂肪酶 (LPL)活性和肝脂酶 (HL)活性的影响 ;建立大鼠高脂血症模型 ,观察温胆汤对大鼠血脂(TC、TG)水平、总脂解酶 (LA)、脂蛋白脂酶 (LPL)和肝脂酶 (HL)活性 ,以及肝脏低密度脂蛋白受体 (LDLR)基因表达的影响。结果 :温胆汤可降低小鼠粪便脂质含量 ,显著降低急性高脂血症小鼠血清TC、TG、LDL c含量 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,温胆汤还可提高血清SOD活性 ,降低MDA含量 ,达到降低体内脂质过氧化程度的目的。同时 ,温胆汤可提高肝脏脂蛋白脂肪酶 (LPL)活性和肝脏总脂解酶 (LA) ,但对肝脂酶 (HL)活性无明显影响。在针对高脂血症大鼠的实验研究中发现 ,温胆汤能够显著抑制大鼠血清总胆固醇 (TC)、血清总甘油三酯 (TG)浓度 ,提高脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)和总脂解酶 (LA)活性 ,但对肝脂酶 (HL)活性无明显影响 ;逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)实验显示高脂饲料能显著降低大鼠肝脏LDLRmRNA水平 ,温胆汤能显?     

松花粉提取物对大鼠实验性高脂血症的预防功能研究

目的 观察松花粉提取物对大鼠实验性高脂血症的预防功能,为松花粉提取物的应用提供实验依据.方法 Wistar大鼠84只,随机分为正常对照组、松花粉提取物0.3、0.15和0.075 g/kg组、辛伐他汀2 mg/kg组、溶媒对照组及高脂模型组.正常对照组,饲喂正常饲料;各给药组在饲喂高脂饲料同时,灌胃（ig）给予相应的药物,溶媒对照组灌胃等容积的葡萄籽油;高脂模型组饲喂高脂饲料同时,灌胃等容积蒸馏水.实验周期为8周,末次给药后12h,检测血清中TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C含量.结果 松花粉提取物各组动物血清中TC、TG和LDL-C含量显著低于高脂模型组（P ＜0.05-0.01）;松花粉提取物0.3 g/kg和0.15 g/kg组动脉粥样硬化指数低于高脂模型组（P＜0.05）.结论 松花粉提取物对高脂饲料诱发的大鼠实验性高脂血症有一定的预防功效.     

1,1-二(2′,5′-二羟基-4′-叔丁基-苯基)乙烷和叔丁基对苯二酚对鹌鹑实验性动脉粥样硬化的影响

本实验以高脂饲料喂养鹌鹑造成动脉粥样硬化模型,观察1,1-二(2′,5′-二羟基-4′-叔丁基-苯基)乙烷[1,1-di(2′,5-′dihydroxy-4-′butyl-phenyl)ethane DTBHQ]和叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)对于实验性动脉粥样硬化鹌鹑的影响,以望探索其作用机制.以高脂饲料喂养鹌鹑造模,同时给予DTBHQE、TBHQ和非诺贝特(Fenofibrate),给药时间为8周、14周.检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量;取肝脏、部分主动脉,辅以光镜和电镜对其组织形态进行观察.结果证明DTBHQE和TBHQ可降低血清TC、LDL-C、TC/HDL-C系数和肝脏MDA,升高血清HDL-C以及T-AOC水平,减轻高脂引起的肝脏和动脉病变,对于高脂高胆固醇鹌鹑动脉粥样硬化具有防治作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with