含镓层柱材料的合成、表征及催化活性的研究

制备了不同镓含量的镓皂石层柱材料,用XRD、NH3-TPD表征了样品的晶相、酸性,考察了样品对β-甲基萘歧化反应的催化性能．结果表明：β-甲基萘在含镓层柱材料上以异构反应为主,活性与酸量、选择性与酸性有很好的对应关系．氧化铝交联皂石与氧化镓交联皂石相比较,活性与歧化选择性高,但异构选择性低．     

(La_(0.8)Ho_(0.2))_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)MnO_3的制备和电磁输运性质

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备(La0.8Ho0.2)2/3Ca1/3MnO3纳米晶粉体,研究了样品制备过程中络合剂柠檬酸的比例、烧结温度、烧结时间对钙钛矿结构形成的作用,分析了由于Ho的掺入对粉体焙烧过程中热分解过程的影响.热分析和X射线实验表明,烧结温度在680℃以上样品已呈现结晶良好的钙钛矿结构.利用标准四电极法测试的样品导电性能和超导量子干涉仪测试的样品磁性能,对比锰基氧化物La2/3Ca1/3MnO3,镧系元素中Ho原子对La进行了部分替代后,其相转变区域发生显著改变.     

A位掺杂金属阳离子半径对稀土锰氧化物LaMnO3晶体结构的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法制备了La0.6A0.4MnO3(A代表Cu,Ag,K,Na)多晶样品材料,对其XRD进行了研究.发现:La0.6Cu0.4MnO3;La0.6K0.4MnO3;La0.6Na0.4MnO3均为单相菱面体钙钛矿结构,La0.6Ag0.4MnO3则由菱面体结构的钙钛矿相和立方结构的金属Ag相组成.对LaMnO3母体进行A位掺杂,随着离子半径不同的金属阳离子的掺入,会导致样品产生晶格畸变,从而使样品的晶格常数,晶胞体积发生变化.变化趋势与掺入的金属阳离子半径有关,随着掺杂离子半径的增大,样品的晶格常数,晶胞体积也相应的增大.     

La2/3Sr1/3MnO3的室温磁电阻效应

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La2／3Sr1／3MnO3多晶样品．X射线衍射测试结果表明样品具有钙钛矿结构．利用振动样品磁强计测量了粉体样品在室温下的磁性能,样品表现为铁磁性．对不同烧结温度下形成的块体样品的导电性以及磁电阻的研究表明,随着烧结温度的提高材料的金属-绝缘体转变温度有所增加,说明材料的烧结温度对其电导性有很大的影响．     

L_(a1-x)S_(rx)C_oO_3的性能及应用

用陶瓷法合成了L_(a_1-x)S_(rx)C_oO_3系列化合物。分别用x-ray衍射,伏安法测试了样品的晶体结构、导电性,发现X=0时,L_aC_oO_3是菱方畸变的钙钛矿结构,导电性质是半导体性的,随着S_r~(2+)的掺入,L_(a_1-x)S_(rx)C_oO_3的菱方畸变程度逐渐变小,到X=0.6时,变成完全的正交钙钛矿结构,X≥0.8时,有杂相出现。随着S_r~(2+)的掺入,电阻明显减小,X=0.5时,电阻最小,比 L_aC_oO_3小三个数量级。本文对L_(a_1-x)S_(rx)C_oO_3氧化物的催化活性等性能及应用作了介绍。     

Nd_(0.9)Ca_(0.1)Ba_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) 超导体的结构

用固相反应法制备，并通过不同条件的热处理得到了一组不同氧含量的Ｎｄ０．９Ｃａ０．１Ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ样品。用ＸＲＤ确定了预烧粉末的结构特征，发现其为（Ｎｄ，Ｃａ，Ｂａ）ＣｕＯ３钙钛矿结构，较之典型立方钙钛矿（ＳｒＴｉＯ３）出现新的１１３峰，且晶胞参数相应增大了一倍。随着氧含量的增大，Ｎｄ０．９Ｃａ０．１Ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ的结构发生从四方到正交相变，并讨论了其结构与超导电性的关系。     

(La_xSr_(1-x))(Ga_yMg_(1-y))O_3固体电解质的制备及性能研究

采用固相法制备了锶,镁掺杂的镓酸镧(LSGM)固体电解质材料,并对其结晶结构、表面形貌和室温下的电导率进行了研究.XRD分析表明,LSGM样品具有正交钙钛矿结构.利用SEM,分析了烧结保温时间对LSGM样品表面形貌的影响.通过交流阻抗仪测试了室温下LSGM各个组分的电导率,发现在实验中所制备的组分范围内,LSGM体系具有以下特点固定Sr的掺杂量,电导率随Mg的增加而降低;固定Mg的掺杂量,电导率随Sr的增加而增加.     

La掺杂SrBi4Ti4O15陶瓷电学性能的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了SrBi4-xLaxTi4O15陶瓷,其中x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.20,0.30。利用XRD,SEM,TH2816型宽频LCR数字电桥等手段研究了陶瓷的显微结构及电学性能。研究结果表明:本工艺技术制备的陶瓷具有层状钙钛矿结构;镧元素的掺入有助于材料的择优取向,掺杂样品的电学性能优于未掺杂样品;且掺量对样品的电学性能有很大影响,当x=0.10时,介电常数、压电常数和剩余极化(Pr)分别为:375(常温下、1 kHz)、4.8 pC.N-1和5.6μC.cm-2,都较其他掺杂量样品的高。     

离子交换—丁基罗丹明B光度法测定铅锌矿中微量镓

本文研究了用国产强碱性氯型阴离子交换树脂分离除去矿石中大量存在的Zn^2 ,Pb^2 ,Al^3 ,Ca^2 等离子对镓测定的干扰，用6mol/L的HC1－抗坏血酸溶液消除Fe^3 等高价杂质离子的影响，留于柱上的镓用0.5mol/L HCl溶液洗脱，在酸性和TiCl3存在条件下，用苯萃取，测定GaCl4^-与丁基罗丹明B形成的紫红色配合物。用于铅锌矿石中微量镓（Ca)的测定，回收率在96．3％左右，RSD为24‰，结果令人满意。     

La0．67Ca0．3：3MnO3的制备及磁特性研究

利用X射线衍射、超导量子干涉仪等实验技术手段对具有钙钛矿结构的锰氧化物La0．67Ca0．3：3MnO3样品的结构和磁性质进行研究。在室温附近，样品中观测到了顺磁一铁磁相变，并且所制备的样品为单相结构。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-