萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)的ISSR引物筛选及其多态性检验

采用简单重复序列区间(ISSR:一种基于微卫星的分子标记,无需预知遗传背景即可研究基因组中微卫星序列的变异,适合大规模的种群遗传研究)的方法对萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyci florus)进行PCR扩增,优化出适宜的ISSR-PCR反应体系,并从100条引物中筛选出16条具有良好多态性和重复性的ISSR引物.研究结果显示,萼花臂尾轮虫简单重复序列以(AC)和(AG)的两碱基重复为主,筛选出的ISSR引物扩增共得到114个位点,66个多态位点,多态性高达57.89%,高于常用于该物种分子生态学研究的线粒体COI基因的多态性.     

川西北高原野生垂穗披碱草遗传多样性的ISSR分析

采用ISSR分子标记技术对25份来自川西北高原的野生垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans Griseb.)种质进行遗传多样性研究.研究结果如下:(1)筛选出10条ISSR引物对25份材料共扩增出120条清晰的条带,其中多态性条带85条,多态性条带比率为70.8%;每条引物扩增条带数变化为9-17条,平均每条引物总扩增的带数为12条,其中多态性的条带数变幅为3-16条,平均每条引物的多态性条带数为8.5条.(2)供试的25份垂穗披碱草种质间的遗传相似系数变幅为0.703-0.974,平均值为0.828,供试材料间表现出了丰富的遗传多样性.(3)基于遗传相似系数对供试材料进行了聚类分析和主成分分析,聚类分析结果可以将供试的野生垂穗披碱草种质资源分明显分成3类,聚类分析结果与材料的地理来源间具有一定的相关性.     

青花菜种质的ISSR分子标记研究

利用ISSR标记对14份青花菜材料和1份油菜参照材料进行了基因组多态性分析,从60条引物中筛选出12条可扩增出清晰且具多态性条带的引物.共扩增出108条带,其中84条具有多态性,多态性百分率为77.78%,被测材料的ISSR标记多态性较高.其中每条引物可扩增出4~17条多态性带,平均7条.ISSR标记遗传相似性系数(GS)变异范围为0.531 2~0.859 4,平均值为0.744 4±0.073 4.通过UPGMA进行聚类分析,青花菜材料和油菜参照材料彼此间区分明显,14份青花菜材料聚为2类.结果表明,ISSR标记可以有效地评价青花菜遗传分化并为青花菜种类的鉴别提供一定的理论依据.     

极小种群野生植物白花兜兰ISSR遗传多样性分析

为探究极小种群野生植物白花兜兰(Paphiopedilum emersonii)的遗传多样性,为其野生资源保护和优良种质资源筛选提供科学依据,采用ISSR分子标记技术对白花兜兰8个野生种群的122份样品进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明：从100条ISSR通用引物中筛选出6条多态性较高的引物,共扩增出35条谱带,其中多态性条带30条,平均每条引物总扩增条带数为5.83条,多态性比率均值为87.70%。白花兜兰8个野生种群的等位基因数(N_a)均值为1.783 3,有效等位基因数(N_e)均值为1.481 7,Shannon′s信息指数(I)均值为0.419 1,Nei′s基因多样性指数(H)均值为0.280 8,说明白花兜兰种群的遗传多样性属于中等水平;种群间的遗传分化系数(G_st)均值为0.124 7,种群内遗传变异大于种群间遗传分化,遗传变异主要来自种群内个体间;基因流(N_m)为3.509 3>1,表明白花兜兰种群间交流频繁,从而限制了由遗传漂变导致的遗传分化。采用非加权组平均法(Unweighte...     

辣木植物ISSR分子标记的初步研究

对从7个不同地方采集的7份辣木(Moringa)材料进行了ISSR 标记分析.结果表明,被测材料间ISSR标记多态性较高.从18个ISSR 引物中筛选出6个可扩增出清晰的且具多态性的条带的引物,共扩增出75条带,其中59条具有多态性, 占总扩增带数的78.67 %,其中每个引物可扩增出4～14条多态性带,平均10.17条.ISSR 标记遗传相似性系数(GS) 变异范围为0.557 0～0.836 7,平均值为0.687 6±0.080 9.聚类分析表明,7份辣木材料可以聚为四类,其中MS2为单独一类.ISSR 标记可以有效地评价辣木植物遗传分化并为辣木种类的鉴别提供一定的理论依据.     

濒危植物长叶红砂ISSR扩增条件的优化与引物筛选

对濒危植物长叶红砂(Reaumuria trigyna Maxim)的核基因组DNA进行ISSR扩增条件的优化与引物筛选.利用单因素实验,测试了ISSR-PCR反应体系中模板DNA的含量、引物浓度、Master Mix等因素对反应结果的影响,经过优化实验,建立了长叶红砂ISSR-PCR的最佳反应体系,15μL PCR反应体积包括Mix 4.5μL,模板DNA 20ng,引物0.6μmol/L.利用优化反应体系,从60个ISSR引物中筛选出稳定性好、重复性高的14个引物.对长叶红砂5个种群的85个个体进行扩增,共扩增出110个位点,其中多态位点102个,多态位点百分率为92.73%.长叶红砂ISSR反应体系的建立为利用ISSR分子标记技术进一步研究长叶红砂的遗传多样性奠定了良好的基础.     

青海地方核桃单株遗传关系的ISSR分析

采用ISSR分子标记的方法,对青海地方核桃品种单株进行了遗传关系研究。实验从30条ISSR引物中筛选出4条进行电泳分析,使用NTSYS pc 2.11F和Popgene 1.32软件进行数据统计分析并作图。结果表明:4条ISSR引物共获得40条谱带,平均每条引物10条谱带,引物平均多态带比率82.5%;4条ISSR引物可将所有样品完全分开,当遗传相似性阈值为0.736时可将样品分成7组。样品间的遗传相似性系数为0.550~0.975(平均0.763)。由于长期的自然变异和选择,青海地区核桃积累了较高的遗传多样性,单株间存在不同程度的亲缘关系。     

基于ISSR标记的5个南京椴种群的遗传多样性分析

采用ISSR标记技术分析了5个南京椴种群共147单株的遗传多样性。从55条简单重复序列引物中筛选出11条多态性引物,共扩增出80条带,其中76条多态性带,多态性比率为95.00%,平均每条引物可扩增出7.0条带。南京椴Shannon多样性指数变化范围为0.211 7~0.322 7,物种水平多样性为0.407 7;Nei基因多样性为0.140 5~0.211 9,物种水平为0.264 3;有效等位基因数的变异范围为1.240 3~1.356 6,物种水平的有效等位基因数为1.432 6。AMOVA遗传变异巢式方差分析结果表明种群间变异占总变异的34.99%,种群内个体间的变异占总变异的65.01%,约为群体间变异的2倍,说明南京椴群体内个体间的变异在其遗传变异中占主导地位。遗传变异分析表明：种群内和种群间的变异系数分别为0.257 1和0.176 0;物种水平的基因分化系数为0.315 4,种群间的基因流Nm为1.085 5。基于遗传相似系数的UPGMA聚类分析将5个种群明显聚为3支。     

棉花种质资源多样性的ISSR聚类分析及主成分分析

利用ISSR分子标记对48份棉花种质资源的亲缘关系及遗传多样性进行分析,结果显示,筛选出的10个ISSR引物扩增出的112条带中,多态性条带占101条,为总条带的90.18%.每个引物均可扩增4～21个多态性位点,平均10.10个,引物平均多样性信息指数(PIC)和多态性谱带百分率(PPB)分别为0.76和87.88%.利用NT-SYSpc 2.1统计分析软件中的UPMGA法对48份棉花种质资源构建亲缘关系树状图,在遗传相似性系数(GS)为0.66水平上可将所有参试材料聚成两大类,且与主成分分析(PCA)结果基本吻合.ISSR标记揭示出这48份棉花种质资源遗传多样性较小,遗传基础比较狭窄.     

大蒜种质资源遗传多样性的分子标记研究

本研究利用RAPD和ISSR两种分子标记技术,对中国10个不同地区的大蒜品种进行了种质资源遗传多样性研究.从30个RAPD引物当中,筛选出11个具有多态性的引物,共扩增出多态性带224条,多态性条带比率为41.18%,从12个ISSR引物中筛选出5个具多态性的ISSR引物,共扩增出多态性带121条,多态性条带比率为50.21%.对RAPD和ISSR两种标记分别运用Nei指数法,计算出10个大蒜品种的平均遗传距离为0.28和0.32.根据这两种标记的结果,采用UPGMA进行聚类分析,得到与生物学分类地位基本一致的结果.结果表明,在实验稳定性上,ISSR优于RAPD,且ISSR比RAPD能检测到更多的遗传变异,RAPD和ISSR两种标记可用于大蒜种质遗传多样性的研究.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with