籼粳杂交稻米品质性状与农艺性状之间的遗传协方差分析

用２个籼型水稻光温敏核不育系和７个粳型广亲和品种为材料，按ＮＣⅡ设计配制杂交组合，获得亲本、Ｆ１及Ｆ２代的籽粒群体，对８个主要品质性状和６个农艺性状进行测定，按混合线性模型的分析方法对品质性状与农艺性状之间的遗传协方差进行了研究，结果表明：在籼粳亚种间杂交组合中，稻米理化品质性状与植株农艺性状之间的遗传协方差大都为直接加性／母体加性协方差，外观品质性状与农艺性状之间的遗传协方差则主要是直接加性／母体加性协方差和母体加性／母体加性协方差，细胞质效应协方差也普遍存在．     

籼粳我稻米品质性状恙农艺性状之间的遗传协方差分析

用２个籼型裟光温敏核不育系和７个粳型广亲和品种为材料，按ＮＣⅡ设计配制杂交组合，获得亲本、Ｆ１及Ｆ２代的籽粒群体，对８个主要品质性状和６个农艺性状进行测定，按混合线性模型的分析方法对品质性状与农艺之间的遗传方差进行了研究，结果表明：在籼粳亚种间杂交组合中，稻为理化品质性状与植株农艺性状之间遗传协方差大都不直接加性／母体加性协方差，外观品质性状与农艺性状之间的遗传协方差则主要是直接加性／母体加性协方     

灿粳杂交稻主要农艺性状之间的遗传相关分析

用混合线性模型方法对灿粳亚种间杂交组合农艺性状的相关性进行了遗传研究，结果表明：被测性状之间大都存在一定程度的相关。其中，株高与实粒数、结实率、穗长与总粒数、实粒数，总粒数与实粒数和结实率，以及实粒数与结实率之间具有显著的表型相关，总粒数与实粒数，实粒数与结实率，以及穗长与株高和结实率之间具有显著的遗传相关，进一步的分析表明，性状之间的遗传相关大多归因因于是性效应，而粒重与穗长、总粒数和实粒数之间     

籼粳交稻米品质性状的遗传相关分析

用种子性状遗传模型对籼粳交稻米８个主要品质性状的遗传相关进行了研究。结果表明,在籼粳杂种中,稻米品质性状之间的遗传相关主要涉及到种子直接遗传效应和母体遗传效应。其中,５个理化品质性状之间以直接效应相关为主,其次为母体效应相关;５个理化品质性状与３个外观品质性状之间只有直接加性、母体加性和母体显性相关;３个外观品质性状之间的遗传相关主要归因于母体效应。尤其是母体加性效应。在所有的性状对中,仅胶稠度和     

水稻籼粳中间型RIL系主要农艺性状杂种优势分析

分析了遗传背景相同的籼粳中间型重组自交系（RIL）9个品系与5个籼、偏籼型光温敏核不育系杂交的F1主要农艺性状的杂种优势．结果表明：9个农艺性状均表现为正向超亲优势,以单株产量、穗实粒数、株高和穗总粒数表现的优势较强,有效穗数、结实率和千粒重表现的优势较弱;F1单株产量仅与父本穗长呈显著负相关,而与杂种有效穗数、穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重呈极显著和显著正相关;F1单株产量的超亲优势与父本单株产量、有效穗数、结实率均呈极显著负相关,与父本抽穗天数和千粒重却呈显著负相关,而与杂种的抽穗天数、有效穗数、穗实粒数、结实率和千粒重优势呈极显著正相关．亚种间杂交稻超高产的获得关键在于要协调好产量目标、亲本产量构成因素和其杂种优势三者的关系．     

籼粳交稻米蛋白质含量的遗传动态分析

用胚乳性状遗传模型和条件遗传效应的分析方法，对籼粳交组合在不同发育阶段的蛋白质含量进行了遗传研究，结果表明：蛋白质的遗传表达受到了胚乳核基因、母体植株核基因和细胞质效应制约，但各种遗传控制体系基因效应的大小因发育的时间而有所不同。     

北方早粳主要性状相关通径的分析

对影响水稻产量的12个性状相关和通径分析，结果表明：有效分蘖率是影响产量的主要性状，与产量呈极显著的正相关关系，对产量的直接作用最大。不实率也是影响产量的主要性状，与产量正相关极显著，但对产量的直接作用是负向的，大多性状之间存在着极强的交互作用。     

杂交水稻品质性状与农艺性状的相关性分析

通过对杂交水稻品质性状与农艺性状进行相关分析,结果表明:小区产量和穗着粒数对各品质性状具有一定相关,但未达到显著水平,其它农艺性状均对不同品质性状相关达到显著或极显著,其中穗实粒数对整精米率、直链淀粉含量、长宽比正相关达显著水平以上,结识率对整精米率、蛋白质含量、胶稠度、长宽比正相关达显著水平以上,株高对整精米率和蛋白质呈负相关达显著水平以上,播始历期对垩白米率、垩白度、蛋白质含量负相关达极显著水平,千粒重对整精米率负相关达极显著水平.通过对外观品质与其它品质性状相关分析,结果表明:长宽比与蛋白质含量、整精米率呈极显著负相关,与直链淀粉含量呈负相关,垩白米率与直链淀粉含量呈极显著正相关,与蛋白质含量呈显著正相关,与胶稠度呈负相关,垩白度与与蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量呈正相关,与胶稠度呈负相关.     

籼型杂种稻米品质性状的核外遗传效应

采用单一自由度的独立比较方法，研究９个稻米品质性状的核外遗传效应。试验材料为３个籼型不育系（Ａ）及其相应保持系（Ｂ）分别与２个恢复系（Ｒ）杂交而得的１８个正反交杂种的Ｆ２米粒。结果表明：多数性状组合（５４个中有３８个）没有发现（Ｂ×Ｒ）和（Ｒ×Ｂ）的差异，（Ａ×Ｒ）和（Ｂ×Ｒ）则有半数以上性状组合（５４个中有２８个）存在差异。这说明普通栽培稻不同品种间的细胞质对稻米品质大多没有不同影响；稻属不同种     

一个新的水稻矮秆突变体sd-sl的遗传与基因定位研究

新的矮秆基因的发掘、研究和利用对水稻育种和植物生长发育机制研究有重要的作用.用60Coγ射线辐照粳稻9522,获得一个能稳定遗传的突变体.该突变体表型为株高较野生型矮,叶片短而微卷.将该突变体与籼稻广陆矮杂交,F2代呈3∶1分离,说明该突变体受隐性单基因控制.通过InDel分子标记对F2代分离群体进行遗传定位,将该基因定位于第6染色体InDel标记OS604附近.随后又发展了多对有多态性的InDel分子标记,将该基因座位精细定位在InDel标记XL6-6和XL6-1之间,AP003490和AP005619上,两个引物之间的物理距离为118 kb.本研究为该克隆基因及其作用机理的探究奠定了基础.     

Genetic analysis and mapping of rice （Oryza sativa L.） male-sterile （OsMS-L） mutant

A rice male-sterile mutant OsMS-L of japonica cultivar 9522 background, was obtained in M4 population treated with ^60Co γ-Ray. Genetic analysis indicated that the male.sterile phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene. Results of tissue section showed that at microspore stage, OsMS-L tapetum was retarded. Then tapetal calls expanded and microspores degenerated. No matured pollens were observed in OsMS-L anther locus. To map OsMS-L locus, an F2 population was constructed from the cross between the OsMS-L (japonica) and LongTeFu B(indica). Firstly, the OsMS-L locus was roughly mapped between two SSR markers, RM109 and RM7562 on chromosome 2. And then eleven polymorphic markers were developed for further fine fine-mapping. At last the OsMS-L locus was mapped between the two lnDel markers, Lhsl0 and Lhs6 with genetic distance of 0.4 cM, respectively. The region was delimited to 133 kb. All these results were useful for further cloning and functional analysis of OsMS-L.     

Genetic structure and diversity of Oryza sativa L. in Guizhou, China

Preserving many kinds of rice resources and rich variations, Guizhou Province is one of the districts with the highest genetic diversity of cultivated rice （Oryza sativa L.） in China. In the current research, genetic diversity and structure of 537 accessions of cultivated rice from Guizhou were studied using 36 microsetellite markers and 39 phenotypic characters. The results showed that the model-based genetic structure was the same as genetic-distance-based one using SSRs but somewhat different from the documented classification （mainly based on phenotype） of two subspecies. The accessions being classified into indica by phenotype but japonica by genetic structure were much more than that being classified into japonica by phenotype but indica by genetic structure. Like Ding Ying＇s taxonomic system of cultivated rice, the subspecific differentiation was the most distinct differentiation within cultivated rice. But the differentiation within indica or japonica population was different： japonica presented clearer differentiation between soil-watery ecotypes than indica, and indica presented clearer differentiation between seasonal ecotypes than japonica. Cultivated rices in Guizhou revealed high genetic diversity at both DNA and phenotypic levels. Possessing the highest genetic diversity and all the necessary conditions as a center of genetic diversity, region Southwestern of Guizhou was suggested as the center of genetic diversity of O. sativa L. from Guizhou.     

Identification of salt-tolerance QTL in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling salt-tolerance at the seedling stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were identified by interval mapping (SIM) and composite interval mapping (CIM) using a doubled haploid population ZJDH and its high resolution genetic linkage map. The population was derived from an inter-subspecific cross between an indica variety Zhaiyeqing8 (ZYQ8) and a japonica variety Jingxi17 (JX17). Analysis of survival days of seedlings treated with 0.7% NaCI revealed that a major salt-tolerance quantitative trait locus (QTL), Std, was present between markers RG612 and C131 on chromosome 1 when using both MAPMAKER/QTL 1.1 and PLABQTL 1.0 (SIM). Its allele which contributes to salt-tolerance was from ZYQ8. In addition, seven more QTLs which give additive effect on salt-tolerance are identified when using PLABQTL (CIM), and most of them were from JX17.     

自由基对水稻叶片衰老的影响

以附体水稻叶片为材料,研究了叶片自然衰老时的生理生化变化,并从自由基诱发剂和清除除剂ＡＣＣ转化为乙烯的影响,探讨了自由基对附体水稻叶片衰老的影响。     

水稻花粉Profilin基因启动子的克隆及序列分析

作者使用两次染色体步移（Genome walking)法，从灿稻（Oryza sativa subsp.indica)IR36中克隆到长度为569bp的花粉proiflin基因的启动子片段，并进行了全序列测定和分析。结果表明：在该段序列中含有3个TATA box，3个CAAT box和2个G－box。通过EPD（The Eukaryotic Promoter Database)的比较发现，序列的＋2－-71区域与番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum)花粉特异基因LAT52，向日葵（Helianthus annuus)花药特异基因SF2启动子关键序列的同源性为50％左右。     

Genetic diversity of rice cultivars （Oryza sativa L.） in China and the temporal trends in recent fifty years

Public concern is often expressed at cultivars because the domestication and modern plant breeding have led to a reduction in the genetic diversity of crops and loss of genes, which could result in crops' genetic vulnerability to changes in the spectrum of pestssity of varieties in this zone is very important to the whole rice production in China. REZV, a important japonica rice production areas with more than 278 thousands ha rice which was about 71% of rice area in north China, accounted fo…     

水稻S_5区候选克隆R2I19的筛选及序列信息学分析

以水稻广亲和品种Cpslo17为材料 ,构建了一个覆盖 9倍核基因组的cosmid文库 ,其平均插入片段约4 0kb。以与广亲和位点紧密联锁的单拷贝分子标记BAC2 3D12的R末端为探针 ,从cosmid文库中筛选得到一个阳性克隆R2I19(～ 32kb)。结合S5位点的高密度连锁图和物理图谱 ,初步确定为S5区候选克隆。对该克隆的 2个TAC亚克隆TRW15 10 (～ 15kb)及TRW15 17(～ 15kb)进行了初步的生物信息学分析 ,证实与已知的水稻基因组序列有很高的同源性 ,并显示其中可能含有与水稻育性相关的基因。