Increased release of tumour cells by collagenase at acid pH: a possible mechanism for metastasis.

The ability of collagenase to disaggregate a solid metastasizing lymphosarcoma has been shown to considerably increase with reducing environmental pH. It is suggested that this effect may be operating in vivo to release cells from a primary tumour.     

Lymphatic metastasis of tumour; persistent transport of cells

Summary A model of lymphatic metastasis established by injecting Walker rat carcinoma cells into the rat footpad was used to study the output of tumour cells from the footpad. The lymphatic efferent from the footpad was cannulated in a group of rats with advanced neoplasm; it was shown that the output of tumou cells was continuou over periods up to 90 min and ranged from 10²–10⁵ cells/min.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute of Canada to C.R.F. and I.C. We are grateful to Mrs W. Kao and Mr I. Etches for meticulous technical help and to the Photographic Section, Department of Pathology for illustrations. Dr V.S. Gupta of Veterinary Physiology, University of Saskatchewan supplied the tumour for transplantation.     

Lymphatic metastasis of tumour; persistent transport of cells.

A model of lymphatic metastasis established by injecting Walker rat carcinoma cells into the rat footpad was used to study the output of tumour cells from the footpad. The lymphatic efferent from the footpad was cannulated in a group of rats with advanced neoplasm; it was shown that the output of tumour cells was continuous over periods up to 90 min and ranged from 10(2)-10(5) cells/min.     

A possible role of microtubules in the C cells secretory mechanism

Riassunto Le modalità di secrezione dei granuli contenenti Calcitonina da parte delle cellule C sono state studiate in tiroidi di cane in condizioni normali e in coltura organotipica con alto tenore di calcio. È stata notata la presenza di numerosi microtubuli alla periferia delle cellule e alcune immagini suggeriscono un attacco dei microtubuli ai granuli secretori. Viene prospettato che i microtubuli abbiano importanza nel meccanismo di secrezione delle cellule C e forse delle cellule della serie APUD in generale, e che questo possa essere del tipo «emiocitosi».     

A possible mechanism for uptake of biogenic amines by storage organelles: Incorporation into nucleotide-metal aggregates

Zusammenfassung Analytische Ultrazentrifugation ergibt, dass Adenosin-5-triphosphat und Guanosin-5-triphosphat in Gegenwart von Ca und Mg hochmolekulare Aggregate bilden. Die scheinbaren mittleren Molekulargewichte dieser Aggregate nehmen nach Zusatz von 5-Hydroxytryptamin oder Noradrenalin stark zu. Es wird daraus geschlossen, dass Nucleotidaggregate biogene Amine inkorporieren, wobei Nucleotid-Aminaggregate entstehen. Dies erklärt möglicherweise die Aufnahme und Speicherung von biogenen Aminen in nucleotidhaltigen subzellulären Organellen, z.B. von Blutplättchen, Nebennierenmark und noradrenergen Nerven.     

A possible biomimetic synthesis of fluoroacetic acid

Summary We propose that fluoroacetate may be formed in plants by fluorodecarboxylation of malonic acid.     

Increase of the amount of DNA-feulgen in mammalian tissue by schiff reagents at less acid pH

Zusammenfassung Die Färbbarkeit der DNS mit dem Feulgenreagens nimmt mit steigendem pH des Reagens zu. Es wird nachgewiesen, dass die verstärkte Reaktion alle 3 Bestandteile des gebräuchlichen Fuchsins betrifft.

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The author wishes to record his sincere appreciation to Prof.B. R. Seshachar for providing facilities to carry out this investigation. This work was supported in part by a research grant (GM 10499) from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service, to Prof.B. P. Kaufmann.     

Intracellular pH of red cells stored in acid citrate dextrose medium

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass in ACD-Blut das intrazelluläre pH höher ist als das extrazelluläre pH und das es während der Lagerung bei 4°C langsamer sinkt.     

Formation of 2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone from vanillic acid by fungal laccases at various pH values

Summary Laccases of various fungi metabolize vanillic acid, but contradictory reports were found concerning the formation of 2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone. We could establish that the pH of the medium was the major factor affecting the formation of this product.Acknowledgment. This research was sponsored in part by a grant from the Environmental Protection Agency (R-808165) and by the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station (Journal Series No. 6673).     

Serotonin is localized in endothelial cells of coronary arteries and released during hypoxia: A possible new mechanism for hypoxia-induced vasodilatation of the rat heart

Summary In this report we demonstrate the immunocytochemical localization of serotonin in endothelial cells of rat coronary vessels and a significant increase in the release of serotonin into the perfusate of Langendorff rat heart preparations during hypoxia. It is suggested that serotonin, localized in endothelial cells, is released during hypoxia and could provide part of a pathophysiological mechanism for vasodilatation to protect the heart from damage due to hypoxia.This research was supported by the British Heart Foundation and the excellent technical assistance of Jon Bokor is gratefully acknowledged.     

The structural relationship of phorbol and cortisol: A possible mechanism for the tumor promoting activity of phorbol

Summary The crucial functional groups of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) are superimposable with those of the glucocorticoid cortisol in a unique manner which suggests a mechanism for PMA activity, i.e. the alkylation of a cortisol receptor.     

Interference with histamine and imidazole acetic acid metabolism by salicylates: A possible contribution to salicylate analgesic activity?

Summary In man, rats and mice, the urinary excretion of the histamine andl-histidine metabolite, imidazole acetic acid, is increased and that of the conjugated metabolite, ribosylimidazole acetic acid, decreased by small doses of salicylates. In contrast to salicylates, other non-salicylate anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, phenacetin and acetaminophen do not influence the excretion of the urinary metabolites of histamine andl-histidine. Since imidazole acetic acid is reported to have analgesic and narcotic activity, there is the inference that the analgesic properties of salicylate might be due in part to interference in imidazole acetic acid metabolism.     

Induction of active immune state by multinucleate tumour cells in mice

Résumé Une immunité active au sarcome, produit par le cholanthrène de méthyle, a été obtenue en utilisant des cellules tumorales multinucléées, associées au virus de Sendai; les réactions ont été spécifiques à la tumeur. A la suite de ces injections, plus de 70% des souris furent résistantes aux trois inoculations, avec 10⁵ cellules vivantes tumorales.