沿海混凝土结构耐久性现场试验方法的优选

为了有效地进行沿海混凝土结构的耐久性检测与评估,通过分析和对比目前国内外混凝土结构常见的耐久性检测方法,结合沿海混凝土结构的特点,提出了一种对沿海混凝土结构进行检测与评估的实用方法.该方法通过人工环境室内加速与现场取样检测、现场暴露试验等,建立人工气候环境与自然环境条件下混凝土结构性能劣化的相似关系,从而通过短期实验实现对新建或待建结构的耐久性评估与寿命预测.为今后对混凝土结构耐久性进行有效的评估提出了一种新的思路.并以一实际工程的耐久性试验方案为例,分析了该方法的具体实施过程.     

混凝土结构的耐久性设计探讨

混凝土结构是应用非常广泛的一种形式,但由于其材料自身和使用环境的特点,使得混凝土存在严重的耐久性问题,带来严重的安全问题和经济损失。通过对混凝土结构耐久性的概念、我国环境及构造物现况的分析,论述了混凝土结构耐久性设计准则。     

基于耐久性能的混凝土寿命预测方法研究进展

基于耐久性能的混凝土寿命预测方法对提升混凝土工程可靠性和寿命预测技术提供了坚实基础,为不同重大工程服役环境下混凝土的安全具有推动作用。本文以结构混凝土、道路混凝土和海工混凝土作为研究对象,讨论了现有基于碳化、酸雨腐蚀和疲劳情况下的结构混凝土、基于唯象理论、断裂力学理论和连续损伤力学理论下的道路混凝土以及基于菲克第二定律和Weibull分布下的海工混凝土的寿命预测模型。通过介绍不同模型的发展动态,总结不同服役环境下寿命预测模型的适用性,提出不同模型存在的问题,有效提高寿命预测准确度。     

广州地区城市地下混凝土结构临界氯离子含量研究

主要针对广州地下混凝土结构侵蚀环境特点,进行氯离子侵蚀的快速腐蚀模拟实验.实验研究表明:较小的水与灰质量比和适量粉煤灰的掺入增加混凝土氯离子吸附能力,较大的保护层厚度、较小的水与灰质量比和掺粉煤灰降低混凝土的电流强度和延长电流稳定时间.同时微观结构分析显示氯盐腐蚀造成钢筋表层混凝土膨胀,结构出现膨胀劣化.通过氯离子侵蚀下锈蚀模拟实验与工程调查验证分析,推荐广州地区城市地下混凝土结构受氯离子侵蚀钢筋表面临界氯离子含量为0.04％～0.05％(质量分数),该值考虑混凝土对氯离子的结合及吸附的影响,为地区地下混凝土结构氯离子侵蚀寿命预测提供了参考.     

浅谈钢筋混凝土耐久性的影响因素及对策

混凝土结构是应用非常广泛的一种结构形式，但是由于其结构自身和使用环境的特点，使得混凝土存在严重的耐久性问题。通过对国内外钢筋混凝土工程耐久性现状的介绍，从混凝土的碳化、冻融破坏、侵蚀性介质的腐蚀、混凝土碱集料反应、钢筋锈蚀等方面论述了影响混凝土结构耐久性的因素及其对混凝土的破坏机理，并针对性地提出了预防的措施。     

混凝土结构加固技术研究及应用综述

混凝土结构加固业已成为我国建筑业中一个新的发展热点，与之相应的混凝土结构加固技术也成为结构工程中重点研究的领域之一．笔者讨论混凝土加固结构的受力特点，介绍混凝土结构加固常用方法的特点及应用范围，重点介绍体外粘贴FRP这一新的结构加固技术在我国的研究及应用状况，分析我国混凝土结构加固技术有待解决的问题．与其他加固技术相比，体外粘贴FRP加固技术有很多优点，是一项具有广阔应用前景的混凝土结构加固技术．     

基于氯离子渗透机制的超高性能混凝土生命周期预测

目的以现有的混凝土生命周期预测理论为基础,根据试验研究结果,对特定结构超高性能混凝土构件的生命周期进行预测.方法对超高性能混凝土试件进行氯离子渗透试验,测得不同深度处氯离子质量分数,并建立氯离子质量分数与深度的函数关系,以理论公式计算超高性能混凝土的氯离子扩散系数,代入计算模型计算超高性能混凝土构件的使用寿命.结果在钢筋保护层较小情况下,即使在海水入侵环境或除冰盐环境中,超高性能混凝土制品的使用寿命均可以达到50a以上,具备工程利用价值.结论氯离子渗透机制可以作为混凝土结构生命周期预测的有效手段.     

结构混凝土抗压强度预测RBF-ANN模型

为了达到对C20~C40范围内的结构混凝土抗压强度快速准确预测的目的,基于RBF-ANN模型基本原理及应用特点,在钻芯法、回弹法、超声波法及回弹-超声波综合法等大量室内和现场无损检测试验基础上,进一步应用Matlab2012b神经网络工具箱,建立了混凝土抗压强度RBF-ANN预测模型。该模型经充分训练后,应用于山西省重点建设工程项目的结构混凝土质量控制。工程实践表明,构建的RBF-ANN模型预测精度为4.4%,满足工程实际需要,具有较好的便捷性、经济性和准确性。     

现代混凝土结构环境模拟试验室技术

为了在试验室人工模拟环境下进行混凝土早期特性、裂缝控制及耐久性的试验，需对混凝土结构环境模拟试验室技术进行研究。分析了环境模拟技术在诸多领域的成功应用，认为建设混凝土环境试验室是可行的。通过研究混凝土结构的环境模拟、试验设计、耦合环境的实现以及特种设备仪器的应用等关键技术，提出大型多功能自动控制混凝土环境试验室的建设方案，合理确定试验室的布局、功能、技术性能指标，并探讨了人工气候环境试验室设备、仪器的优化配置，为下一步混凝土耐久性、裂缝控制的环境试验研究奠定了基础。     

基于BP神经网络的混凝土抗冻耐久性预测

本文在分析混凝土抗冻耐久性预测研究现状的基础上,结合BP人工神经网络的特点,利用MATLAB软件建立了预测混凝土冻融环境下相对动弹性模量的模型,并对预测结果进行了分析。结果表明运用人工神经网络的预测方法操作简便、实用性强且在精度上能满足要求,该模型的建立也可为混凝土抗冻性设计、施工管理和建成后工程的运行维护提供参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with