Die Wirkung der Ultraviolettbehandlung auf die Überlebensverhältnisse röntgenbestrahlter Mäuse

Summary 300 r whole body X-ray irradiation of mice did not decrease the circulating platelet count, if this dose was preceeded by 24 h of ultraviolet-irradiation. More animals survived the X-ray (500, 550, 600 r) injury, if the irradiation occurred after ultraviolet treatment given 24 and 48 h before. The number of days survived is also increased. The ultraviolet light seems to have some protective effect against injury caused by X-ray.     

Die katalytische Wirkung von Metallionen auf die Stabilität von Phosphagenen

Summary Phosphoroguanidates, a class of compounds which includes the enzymatically-active phosphagens, exhibit exceptionalin vitro stability. This lack of reactivity implies anin vivo mode of activation, as yet undiscerned. A variety of metal ions catalyse the cleavage of the phosphorus-nitrogen bond with consequent phosphoryl-group transfer, but the enhancement of rate seems insufficient to account for the known activities of phosphoro-creatine and phosphoro-arginine. It is suggested that yet another mode of activation, chemical or biochemical, awaits discovery.     

Die antibakterielle Wirkung der Usninsäure auf Mykobakterien und andere Mikroorganismen

Summary Usnic acid has already been found in optically active forms in very different quantities in a large number of species of lichens. We have been able to demonstrate the presence of the racemic form of usnic acid as a naturally occuring product in Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica Ach.). The bacteriological examination of the three forms of usnic acid led to the result that, besides an effect uponStaphylococcus aureus, they exert also a very remarkable action againstMycobacteria. The action ofl-usnic acid on different strains ofMycobacteria and other microorganisms is shown in table II. According to the results so far obtained by us, other acids of lichens behave in a similar manner.     

Die Wirkung einer Leberschädigung durch Thioacetamid auf die mikrosomale Aromatisierung von Testosteron bei der Ratte

Summary Rat liver microsomes, NADPH-regenerating system, and 1, 2-³H-testosterone have been incubated in vitro. The loss of tritium from the steroid, associated with aromatization of testosterone, was linear with time for 20 min and required NADPH. Pre-treatment of the rats with thioacetamide raised the liberation of tritium from 1, 2-³H-testosterone. The results suggest that liver damage by thioacetamide in rats may give rise to increased aromatization of testosterone.     

Wirkung der Adrenalektomie und Desoxycorticosteronbehandlung auf die Ascorbinämie und Ascorbinurie der Katze

Summary Two cats were adrenalectomized and kept healthy with daily injections of desoxycorticosterone acetate. The ascorbic acid concentration of blood and urine remained the same as in normal controls. When Dexoxy-corticosterone was omitted, a crisis ensued but the blood and urine concentration of ascorbic acid did not decrease.     

Die Wirkung der Sulfationen auf das Membranpotential der isoliert durchströmten Säugetiermuskulatur

Summary Electrical potential measurements of membrane resting and action potentials were made by means of electrolyte-filled glass micro-electrodes on single fibres of the musculus gracilis of the cat using a perfused hind-limb preparationin situ. The release of potassium from muscle and the tension developed by the gastrocnemius muscle were simultaneously recorded. The normal resting potential in our series was 91.7 mV (s.d. ± 6.7 mV). Partial replacement of the chloride by sulfate in the perfusion fluid led to (a) potassium release from the perfused hind-limb, (b) reversible contracture of the gastrocnemius muscle, (c) depression of the membrane resting potential which was proportional to the degree of replacement of chloride by sulfate in the perfusion fluid and (d) to the occurrence of volleys of spontaneous fibrillation potentials some of which had the shape of damped oscillations. These findings are similar to those observed after treatment with veratrine and are interpreted to be due to (1) increase in sodium permeability and (2) disturbance of the Donnan equilibrium for chloride ions.     

Wirkung der Glutaminsäure auf die experimentelle Isoniazid-Schädigung peripherer Nerven bei Ratten

Summary Glutamic acid does not, either in small or in large doses, inhibit the degeneration of the medullary sheath of peripheral nerves in rats, induced within 15 days by addition of 0.25% of isoniazid to their diet. The detoxicating effect of glutamic acid, as described byCedrangolo ¹, thus only applies to the general toxic symptoms of the acute INH-intoxication, as is the case for vitamins B₂, B₁₂, A, E, K, and niacinamide.     

Der Hyaluronsäuregehalt und die «Hyaluronidase»-Aktivität der Leukozyten

Summary The hyaluronic acid content of leucocytes from the peritoneum of rats shows a significant concentration when measured either turbidimetrically or oxydimetrically, the average value calculated for wet weight being 0.7–0.8%. The hyaluronic acid break down capacity of the leucocytes is not a specific enzyme action but can be attributed to their high ascorbic acid content. The phenomenon has no well defined pH or temperature optimum and can be inhibited by oxine and by semicarbazide.     

Über die Wirkung der chronischen Colchicin-vergiftung auf experimentelle Mykosen

Summary Rats injected intraperitoneally with colchicin, 35–50 per 100 g daily or every second day, were infected experimentally on 10th day with Nocardia asteroides, Nocardia Leishmani or Torula histolytica. Controls received no colchicin. Animals given colchicin showed diffusion of infection with numerous mycotic granulomes, similar to the results obtained with cortison.     

Effekt der Perjodsäure auf die Erythrocytenmembran

Summary M/2 up to M/500 HJO₄ produces a very peculiar ductility of native erythrocyte membranes, whereas a similar effect is hardly observed on the membranes of trypsin-treated erythrocytes. This observation demonstrates indirectly, probably for the first time, the morphological existence of a loose protein-layer assumed by one of the authors to be present on the surface of erythrocytes.     

Über die antithyreotoxische Wirkung der Pantothensäure

Summary Administration of calcium pantothenate to white rats in daily doses of 50–100 mg improved the signs of experimental thyreotoxicosis and decreased the metabolic rate.     

Wirkung von Polysacchariden bakterieller Herkunft auf die experimentelle Lipämie

Summary Polysaccharide fractions derived from a gram-negative proteus organism show strong anti-lipaemic activity of the order of 1000 times that of heparin. Analogous preparations from gram-positive organisms and mycobacteria show no such activity and some polysaccharide fractions from plant and animal tissues proved to have slight activity. None of these polysaccharides influenced the clotting of plasmain vitro.     

Die Wirkung von D-Lysergsäure-diäthylamid (LSD 25) und 5-Oxytryptamin auf die Chromatophoren vonPoecilia reticulatus

Summary D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD 25) has a characteristic effect on the chromatophores of the female fish guppy (Poecilia reticulatus). This effect can be prevented by prophylactic administration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, enteramine).     

Elektromyographische Untersuchungen der Wirkung von LSD 25 auf die neuromuskuläre Reizübertragung beim Kaninchen

Riassunto In un lotto di conigli si è indagata, con tests elettromiografici, l'eventuale azione della LSD 25 a livello della giunzione neuromuscolare.Dalle esperienze effettuate è emerso che la sostanza (alla dose di mg 0,05-0,1-0,15 endovena, in animali di kg 2 circa) non possiede nè un'azione curarosimile, nè un'azione anticurarica.Si è potuto rilevare inoltre, con opportune ricerche che la LSD25 non interferisce, in alcun modo, sulla modesta azione anticurarica esercitata dalla serotonina e documentata in altra sede.     

Über die Wirkung von Elastase auf die Blutgerinnung

Summary Purified elastase prepared by adsorption on synthetic zeolite in proper concentrations causes the coagulation of blood. Elastase was found to have no direct coagulative action on purified fibrinogen. Its coagulating action is due to the fact that it reacts with prothrombin to form thrombin. The reaction between prothrombin and elastase is independent of the presence of either platelets, thromboplastin or Ca-ions.     

Über die Abhängigkeit der photodynamischen Wirkung von der Intensität der UV.-Bestrahlung

Summary (1) The relation between photodynamic effect and intensity of ultra-violet radiation was investigated by means of the lethal-curve of yeast cells treated with benzpyrene as photosensibilizer.(2) If the dosis of radiation ist kept constant, the resulting photodynamic effect decreases rapidly with diminishing intensity.

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Teilergebnisse der Dissertation.     

Die Wirkung von Kalium und Calcium auf das Treppenphänomen am Froschherzen

Ohne ZusammenfassungDie Arbeit wurde mit Unterstützung der Roche-Stiftung durchgeführt.