仿射Chevalley代数的中心

设R是具有恒等元的可换环,在[1]、[2]中.J.F.Hurley对R上Chevalley代数gR=Rg.计算了它们的中心. 本文,对仿射李代数g(A)[3].我们得到了R上仿射Chevllcy代数g_R=Rg_(A)[4]的中心C_R:C_R=Rh_C_R (R-模直和)其中:h_是张成g(A)的一维中心之生成元C_R是R上loop代数R[t,t~(-1)]g_z的中心由此知道.在中心扩张:0→Rh_→g_R→R[t,t~(-1)]g_z→0中,若对环R作适当限制,则Rh_就是g_R的中心,这一结果.与[5]中获得的关于g_R的全部“理想”结构是一致的;若去掉对环R的限制,则Rh_被真正包含在g_R的中心C_R里.     

法式tubular代数与仿射Kac-Moody代数

彭联刚-肖杰等利用有限维遗传代数A的根范畴的Ringel-Hall李代数实现所有可对称化Kac-Moody代数,其中Ringel-Hall李代数的李乘不完全由Hall积提供.本文通过新方法实现仿射Kac-Moody代数,李代数L(A)1C/I的李乘完全由Hall积给出.对任意D4(1),E6(1),E7(1)或E8(1)型扩张Dynkin图Δ,在型为Δ的法式tubular代数A的退化合成李代数L(A)1C上构造它关于一个具体李理想I的商代数L(A)1C/I,证明商代数L(A)1C/I同构于对应的Δ型仿射Kac-Moody代数.这将有助于利用法式tubular代数的模范畴研究仿射Kac-Moody代数.     

3-李-Rinehart代数的导子与交叉模

对给定的特征零域F上的任意一个交换的结合代数A及3-李代数L和3-李A-代数R,研究了 A上的从3-李-Rinehart代数(L,A,ρ)到3-李A-代数(R,A)的导子D及3-李-Rinehart代数的交叉模(R,A,β,?)的结构.利用3-李-Rinehart代数之间的代数同态对3-李-Rinehart代数到3-李...     

A型扩张仿射李代数的极大子代数

设S是欧式空间R~n上的最小半格,由Jordan代数J(S)通过TKK构造可得到一个称之为TKK代数的李代数T(J(S)).进一步,可由TKK李代数T(J(S))得到一个A_1型、零度为v,且带有扩张仿射根系R(A_1,S)的扩张仿射李代数T.研究了扩张仿射李代数T的极大子代数,并得到了它的四类极大子代数.     

伪补Ockham代数核理想同余关系的注记

理想是反映Ockham代数类结构的一个重要工具,利用伪补Ockham代数的核理想判别定理以及核理想同余关系表达式,研究了伪补Ockham代数的核理想的性质,证明了伪补Ockham代数核理想及其同余关系是同构的。主要结果为:(1)设L是伪补Ockham代数,符号I(L),I_k(L)分别表示L的理想和核理想构成的集合,则I_k(L)是I(L)的一个子格。(2)对于任意的I,J∈Ik(L),则R_I,R_J具有同余置换性,其中同余关系R_I定义为:(x,y)∈R_I(■a∈I)x∧a*=y∧a*。(3)设L是伪补Ockham代数,则I_k(L)■C_k(L),其中符号Ck(L)={RI(■a∈I)x∧a*=y∧a*,I∈Ik(L)}。所得结论为进一步研究Ockham代数类的代数结构提供理论支持,丰富了Ockham代数的发展。     

一类可解李代数的结构

可解李代数与幂零李代数在李代数结构中起着非常重要的作用.任意一个李代数L,都具有一个极大的可解理想与幂零理想,分别称之为L的可解根基R(L)与幂零根基N(L).因此,在李代数的结构研究中,可解李代数与幂零李代数的结构研究是必不可少的.研究了一类具有Filiform幂零根基的可解李代数的结构,证明了此类可解李代数是完备李代数,并且给出每个导子的具体表达式.     

双重Stone代数的核理想注记

在双重Stone代数上引入核理想概念,借助核理想的性质反映双重Stone代数的结构,在双重Stone代数L上构造了具有核理想I的最大同余关系表达式RI,(x,y)∈R~I (x~*∧y~(**))∨(x~(**)∧y~*)∨(x~+∧y~(++))∨(x~(++)∧y~+)∈I。根据双重Stone代数的运算特征,获得了具有核理想的最小同余关系与最大同余关系之间的等式关系。主要结果为:设(L;∨,∧,~*,~+,0,1)是一个双重Stone代数,I是L的核理想,则R~I=δ_I∨(G~*∧G~+),其中(x,y)∈δ_I ( ■i∈I)x∨i=y∨i;(x,y)∈G~* x~*=y~*,(x,y)∈G~+x~+=y~+。所得结论为其它Ockham代数类核理想性质的研究提供了方法,丰富了Ockham代数的发展,为进一步研究Ockham代数类的代数结构提供理论支持。     

李超代数的Fox导子的一些性质

设F是李超代数Ai(i∈I)和自由李超代数G的自由和,N是F的理想满足N∩Ai=1,(i∈I).设U(F)是F的泛包络代数,NU是N生成的U(F)的理想.研究了李超代数F的一个元素v,满足Dk(v)≡0 modNU,(k∈I∪J),其中Dk:U(F)→U(F)(k∈I∪J)是U(F)的Fox导子,得到了李超代数的Fox...     

A∞-代数与三维AS正则代数

利用A∞-代数来讨论Artin-Schelter(AS)正则代数的分类．设A是整体维数为3的连通分次Noetherian代数,则A是AS正则代数当且仅当它的Yoneda代数ExtA(k,k)是Frobenius代数．设E是与ExtA(k,k)有相同的双分次结构的Frobenius代数．首先对E的代数结构及A∞-结构作分类,然后利用这个A∞-结构的分类及已知的一个对应关系,得到A∞-代数E的“对应”代数,从而为三维AS正则代数的A∞-分类作好了准备．     

幂零根基为Heisenberg代数的可裂李代数

本文刻划了幂零根为Heisenberg代数的可裂李代数的结构,并给出了这类李代数的导子代数.作为应用,刻划了幂零根为Heisenberg代数的完备李代数.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.