不同加工方式对TC4钛合金组织与力学性能的影响

分别采用激光快速成型(3D打印)技术、锻造和铸造方法制备了TC4钛合金试样.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪以及力学性能测试设备分别分析了不同制备方式成型样品的微观组织和力学性能变化规律.结果表明,3D打印成型的钛合金组织和性能有明显的取向性.3D打印横向样品抗拉强度和延伸率分别为1 013 MPa和8%,纵向抗拉强度和延伸率分别为972 MPa和15%;锻造样品抗拉强度和断后延伸率分别为877 MPa和18%;铸造样品的抗拉强度和延伸率分别为836 MPa和4%.不同成型方式样品力学性能的差异来自于其形成的不同微观组织和晶粒大小.3D打印TC4钛合金样品会在其成型快速冷却过程中形成网篮组织,且晶粒非常细小,约为2～3μm.锻造样品成型时形成等轴组织,晶粒尺寸约为10μm,且微观组织比3D打印和铸态合金更加均匀,因而具有更高的延伸率.铸造样品中形成魏氏组织,晶粒尺寸达到20～25μm,组织分布亦不均匀,因而,其具有更低的力学性能指标.     

超声振动下Sr对A380合金组织性能的影响

超声振动作用下,添加质量分数(w(Sr))为0~0.25%的Sr,对A380合金进行变质处理,以研究Sr和超声振动对A380合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:加入Sr与超声振动使A380合金组织显著细化,树枝晶α-Al由粗大变为细小、呈球状,共晶Si相也由粗大针状变为蠕虫状、点状和纤维状;w(Sr)=0.15%时,对组织的细化效果最理想.只添加w(Sr)=0.15%的Sr时,A380合金铸态下抗拉强度(σ_b)、屈服强度(σ_(0.2))、伸长率(EL)和硬度分别为305 MPa,219 MPa,3.78%和106 BHN;w(Sr)=0.15%,且有超声振动作用时,σ_b,σ_(0.2),EL和硬度分别为318 MPa,227MPa,3.99%和108 BHN,此时晶粒尺寸最小,约为42μm,形状因子最大,为0.71.     

辽西花岗岩三轴蠕变时效性试验

为研究辽西花岗岩的工程力学性能,采用TAW-2000电液伺服岩石三轴仪,对辽西花岗岩试样分别进行了围压为5 MPa、10 MPa和20 MPa条件下的三轴蠕变实验.基于不同围压条件下的三轴蠕变试验数据,绘制辽西花岗岩的三轴蠕变曲线、等时应力应变曲线和蠕变速率曲线,分析试样的蠕变起始应力和长期强度.研究结果表明:等时应力应变与蠕变速率相结合的方法能更好地描述蠕变的发展过程、变形特征和蠕变阶段.随着围压的增加,蠕变速率的波动范围减小,加速蠕变段的发展过程更为平稳,蠕变破坏经历的时间也更长.实验数据的统计分析结果表明:试样的蠕变长期强度阈值为(0.7~0.8)(σ1-σ3).     

Al-10%Cr,Al-20%Mn合金的固液混合铸造

高合金含量的Al-Mn，Al-Cr合金(质量分数大于10％)中Mn，Cr含量高，传统铸造组织十分粗大，力学性能很差，不能应用．本文采用固液混合铸造技术制备了Al-20％Mn，Al-10％Cr合金．实验结果表明，合金的显微组织明显细化，其平均晶粒尺寸都能控制在10μm以下，且晶粒呈球形或近球形，压铸材料的力学性能为：σb=100～110MPa，σ0.2，=70～80MPa．随着粉末加入量的增加，合金晶粒逐渐细化．这两种合金可以应用为耐磨、耐蚀材料．     

SP700钛合金板轧制过程的组织演变和力学性能研究

研究了22 mm厚SP700钛合金板轧制过程中的组织演变和力学性能。结果表明：SP700钛合金板的显微组织由不连续的晶界α相和晶内针状组织组成;经过热轧和冷轧后,显微组织不均匀,由等轴组织和变形组织组成,等轴组织由等轴α相和等轴β相组成,变形组织由条状α相和变形β相组成;冷轧并退火后,显微组织十分均匀,由等轴组织组成。室温拉伸试验结果表明：SP700钛合金板冷轧后,抗拉强度达1 100 MPa以上,纵横向强度差为64 MPa,伸长率为5.0%～6.5%,塑性差为0.17%。退火后,强度降低,塑性显著提高;纵横向强度差为69 MPa,塑性差为6.84%。     

超塑性锌铝共晶合金成形工艺的研究

根据超塑性锌铝共晶合金的力学性能和超塑性变形特点的试验研究结果,分析制定了锌铝共晶合金塑料模成型镶件的成形工艺参数.发现在300℃及小于40MPa的成形温度和成形压力下,可获得形状符合要求的超塑成形模具镶块,同时其镶块具有较高的力学性能:HB100,σb>370MPa,σ0.2>300MPa.     

不同围压下花岗岩σ_(cc),σ_(ci)和σ_(cd)的确定

为研究不同围压下裂隙闭合应力阈值σ_(cc),起裂应力阈值σ_(ci)和损伤应力阈值σcd,对高放废物地质处置新疆预选场址雅满苏YM01号钻孔岩心进行了三轴压缩试验和巴西劈裂试验.应用裂隙体积应变模型、移动点回归法和声发射确定了σ_(cc),σ_(ci)和σ_(cd);通过分析不同方法确定各阈值的适用性,优化了一套确定各阈值的综合方法;分析了不同围压下σ_(cc),σ_(ci)和σ_(cd)与围压的关系:σ_(cc)受围压的影响不明显,σ_(cc)=σ_1=50~65 MPa;σ_(ci)为裂隙张拉破坏的起点,起裂强度满足格里菲斯强度理论;σ_(cd)与峰值抗压强度σ_c线性关系明显,损伤强度满足摩尔-库伦强度理论.     

SiCp/FVS1012薄板微观结构及高温性能的研究

利用OM,XRD和TEM等方法研究了喷射沉积-挤压-轧制SiC颗粒增强FVS1012(SiCP/FVS1012)薄板的微观结构以及退火对该复合材料硬度的影响.结果表明,本工艺制备的SiCP/FVS1012薄板具有优异的高温力学性能,在315℃时,σb=308 MPa,σ0.2=290 MPa,δ=5.69%;在415℃时,σb=201 MPa,σ0.2=182 MPa,δ=3.65%.微观组织分析表明:类球状细小弥散的Al12(Fe,V)3Si相的生成是该复合材料具有优异高温力学性能的主要原因,此外,SiC颗粒的加入对提高该复合材料的高温力学性能也有重要作用.     

在多轴应力状态下脆性岩石的强度特性

本文以须家河中粒砂岩、须家河细粒砂岩和嘉陵江微晶质石灰岩三种不同致密程度的岩石为研究对象,利用一套三个主应力大小均可独立改变的岩石真三轴加压设备,对岩石在多轴应力状态下的强度特性及断裂破坏形态进行了深入地研究,并着重讨论了中间主应力σ_2对岩石强度及断裂破坏形态的影响。结果发现,对于不同最小主应力σ_3下的(σ_1/σ_c)～(σ_2/σ_c)强度曲线可以十分近似地用某一抛物线来表示,而对于不同Lode参数λ下的(R/σ_2)～(Q/σ_c)强度曲线则可以十分近似地用某一直线来表示。同时还发现,岩石的断裂破坏将随着应力状态的不同而有可能出现剪切破坏,拉剪混合破坏或拉裂破坏。     

稀土Al-Mg系车身板材成分与力学性能的关系

研究了稀土Al-Mg系合金车身板材成分与力学性能的关系。结果表明,该合金系最佳综合性能的成分是,Mg:(4.5～5.0)wt％,Cu:(0.4～0.6)wt％,余量为Al,同时加入微量稀土和快凝Al-5Ti-1B粉未。在本实验条件下,合金的力学性能可达σ_b=284MPa,σ_(0.2)=114MPa,δ=32％。此外,本文还根据X-射线衍射结果对成分与性能的关系进行了讨论,认为该合金系的强化机制主要表现为固溶强化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with