含矩形孔无限域应力集中的系列分析

采用复变函数理论与保角映射技术，求出了含矩形孔的无限域在孔边承受均匀内压时的应力，以及同时承受孔边均匀压力和无限远单向拉力时的应力．分析了矩形孔的边长比、圆角曲率半径及方位角对孔边应力集中的影响，给出了孔边峰值应力随边长比的变化规律．对几种不同边长比的矩形孔进行了系列计算，并将计算结果图谱化，便于工程应用．解答可移植到含孔无限大板的平板弯曲问题．     

含不同矩形孔各向异性板孔边应力状态

针对含矩形孔的复合材料板，根据非均质各向异性弹性理论，建立了基于准确的边界条件的边界积分方程，得到开口结构的应力分布，给出了含矩形孔复合材料板的精确解析解．按照所建立的数学模型对不同的矩形孔在偏轴荷载作用下对孔边应力集中系数的影响进行探讨．     

含孔复合材料层合板的孔边应力分析及孔形优化

应用各向异性弹性理论以及保角变换方法,将不同孔形参数化,并统一映射在一个表达式中,求解出在单轴拉伸载荷作用下,含圆形孔、正方形孔、三角形孔复合材料层合板的孔边应力,并对具有不同曲率的孔形的应力集中系数进行了讨论.研究结果表明:不同孔形所产生的应力集中有很大差异,其中圆形孔的应力集中最小,但在一定范围内,三角形的重力集中小于圆孔.最后以孔边最大应力最小化为目标优化孔的形状,得出可以用于结构中的应力集中较小的孔形.     

平板开小圆孔应力集中的三维有限元分析

针对经典的弹性力学中平板开小圆孔问题，采用有限元方法，把平板开孔问题视为三维应力状态，考虑在Z向的应力变化，给出了平板开孔问题各应力在孔边应力集中区域沿厚度的变化情况；并且探讨了所开圆孔的大小对应力集中的影响。     

有Storoidal孔口板的应力分布研究

本文用有限无法研究有Storoidal孔口板的应力分布及孔边应力集中问题。Storoidal孔口是由处在圓形(或椭圆形)和正方形(或矩形)之间一簇Storoidal封闭曲线所形成的孔口。Storoidal孔口在几何上富于变化,容易满足像机械,飞行器和船舶结构工程中开孔的需要。文中给出了七种Storoidal孔口板的应力计算,并给出数字结果和图表,用计算机对这种孔口板的应力分析结果表明,Storoidal孔口比通常类型孔口优越,故建议在工程中应用这种新类型孔口。     

接管及补强结构在外载荷下的弹性应力

对6台不同d／D比的圆筒形压力容器进行了接管外载荷作用下的试验研究，考察开孔-接管区的变形及其应力分布。结果表明，孔边的应力集中具有明显的局部性，补强圈补强结构有效地改善了筒体-接管区的应力分布情况，横向截面为危险截面。     

含孔复合材料层合板孔口缝合补强的层间应力分析

使用有限元模拟计算了含孔复合材料层合板开口缝合补强结构。研究了含孔复合材料层合板在轴向拉伸载荷作用下孔边各个铺层的层间应力分布情况,并将缝合后的层间应力值与缝合前的相关数值进行了比较,主要研究了不同缝合参数对孔边层间应力的影响。通过有限元模拟计算可得,层合板缝合补强后,孔边的层间应力比未缝合前显著减小,孔边附近层间应力的分布与相邻铺层的铺层角有关,不同铺层之间的层间应力沿孔边区域存在应力的转换点,并且存在显著差别。     

机械连接中并排孔有限厚度板的应力集中分析

用有限元方法对含等圆孔有限厚度板的三维应力集中进行了分析研究。分析过程中主要考虑板厚、孔间距及孔间耦合对孔边应力集中影响。研究结果表明：有限厚度含孔板的孔间距、板厚对孔边应力集中有明显影响,并存在孔间耦合效应。在该状态下孔的临界距离L/r为2.69,最大应力集中比的临界距离L/r为5.36。这些结论可用于飞机结构、机械装配及其他工程领域当中典型的铆钉、螺栓、销等连接问题。     

正交各向异性板带有一般孔形时应力分析

采用复变函数方法研究面内均布荷载作用下带孔正交各向异性板的应力解析解.对含一个正六角形孔或不规则孔的无限平板进行分析,得到不同工况下(纤维角度、外荷载方向)孔边及部分孔外域的应力分布规律.结果表明,当单向荷载作用方向与孔边尖点指向垂直时,若正交各向异性板的纤维按0°和-90.0°布置,最大切向应力发生在孔边,并且位于尖点位置,但随着纤维角度的旋转,孔边的最大应力点逐渐偏离尖点,并且最大应力值也逐渐降低;因此,正交各向异性板的应力集中可以通过调整材料的纤维方向来改善.除此之外,当单向均布荷载σ的作用方向与坐标轴平行时,该坐标轴与孔边界交点的切向应力均为-σ.     

带孔无限大板的应力集中问题浅析

通过有限元方法探讨单向受载带孔无限大板件孔边应力集中的问题：逐步增大模型垂直于载荷方向的尺寸模拟无限大板;在此基础上探讨孔边应力集中系数与孔的几何特征的关系,即变圆孔为椭圆,垂直于受载方向孔半轴不变,载荷方向孔半轴变化,孔边应力集中系数随曲率半径增大而减小;减小圆孔半径,最大应力集中系数随之减小,并减小到弹性力学理论值3以下。上述结果说明连续介质力学理论有其自身的局限性,应力梯度在应力场变化很大的情况下对微元体平衡分析的影响不可忽视。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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