轮作周期内不同作物土壤养分限制因子的研究

将“冬小麦—夏玉米→花生”两年三熟制视为一系统整体 ,来研究 3种不同作物在轮作周期内的土壤养分限制因子。结果表明 ,在滦河三角洲沙区 ,“冬小麦—夏玉米→花生”的种植周期内 ,冬小麦的土壤养分限制因子序为N >K >Zn >Mn >P ,夏玉米的限制因子序为K >N >Zn >S >P ,花生的限制因子序为K >N >Mn>S >P。得出在滦河三角洲沙区 ,K和N是限制作物产量的最重要的土壤养分限制因子 ,否定了对该地区缺P富K的传统观念 ,重新肯定了施用钾肥的重要性。     

高产粮区冬小麦—夏玉米轮作条件下土壤养分限制因子与施肥研究

针对燕山山麓高产粮区特殊的生态条件及生产中存在的问题 ,1996～ 1999年在河北省遵化市团瓢庄乡进行了冬小麦—夏玉米轮作条件下土壤养分限制因子与排列序谱及高产、高效施肥指标的试验。结果表明 ,在燕山山麓冬小麦—夏玉米轮作条件下 ,冬小麦的养分因子排序为 :N >P >K >S >Mn >Cu >B >Zn ,限制因子为N、P、K、S ,而Zn、Mn、B、Cu则为非限制因子。夏玉米的养分因子排序为 :N >K >P >Zn >Mn >Cu>B >S ,限制因子是N、K、P、Zn、Mn ,非限制因子是S和B。最佳效益施肥量为 :N 45 0kg hm2 ;P2 O5 90～ 12 0kg hm2 ;K2 O 15 0kg hm2 。     

土壤养分配方施肥的研究

根据土壤养分含量数据，确定土壤综合地力，并据此预测目标产量，依据养分平衡原理，提出了配方施肥的数学模型。同时通过田间试验，验证了模型的正确性     

耿马县耕地土壤养分现状及施肥对策

在2006年测土配方施肥试点项目中,对耿马县耕地土壤养分进行了一次全面调查,其结果,与1984年土壤普查相比,耿马县耕地土壤养分除碱解氮大幅度增加外,土壤有机质,全氮速效磷,速效钾普遍下降。根据土壤养分现状和大量田间试验参数,提出了增施有机肥和磷钾肥,控制氮肥用量,补施微肥,积极推广测土配方施肥新技术等施肥对策。     

冬小麦早代组合评判指标研究

研究结果表明，穗粒数、千粒重、籽粒饱满度、株高和单株产量可以作为小麦杂种早期（Ｆ２，Ｆ３）分离世代的综合评价指标。运用模糊数学综合评判法，以这些指标为评价因素，在早代可以定量的估测组合的超亲或超标优势和组合内包含的单株类型比率，对于提高选种效率，加快育种进程，减少育种规模具有实际应用价值。     

略阳县当前土壤养分状况及施肥建议

本文阐述了通过测土配方施肥项目的实施,全面调研了略阳县28000hm^2地土壤养分状况,并提出了耕地土壤改良和主要粮油作物施肥建议。     

水杨酸浸种对冬小麦幼苗抗寒性指标的影响

实验以晋麦70为实验材料,研究了不同浓度（0.3 mmol/L,0.4 mmol/L,0.5 mmol/L,0.6 mmol/L）的水杨酸（SA）溶液浸种冬小麦,对常温下和低温下的冬小麦幼苗抗寒性指标的影响.结果表明,适当浓度范围的SA溶液浸种能够增加冬小麦幼苗游离脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量以及可溶性蛋白质的含量,其中以0.5 mmol/L的浸种效果最好,研究结果为SA预防冬小麦寒害提供了理论依据.     

南阳盆地施肥调查与土壤养分状况分析

用网格法结合村庄地块采集土壤样品,调查农民施肥状况.土样分析数据表明：南阳盆地土壤养分状况整体处于中等水平,土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾平均质量比分别为14.63g/kg和68.62,16.20,76.26mg/kg,与第二次土壤普查结果相比有机质、土壤速效磷质量比分别提高了24.0%和200%,而土壤速效钾质量比下降了50.1%.调查资料表明：农民施肥存在肥料品种单一、施肥量、施肥方式等不合理问题,应重视有机肥施用,推广秸秆还田,采用复合和缓1控释氮肥及合理的施氮技术,注意减磷补钾.     

安福县土壤养分现状调查及合理施肥对策研究

通过对安福县16个乡镇农田土壤养分调查分析,得出其养分现状。结果表明：安福县土壤pH值为5.00～5.21,偏酸性。各乡镇土壤中有机质含量、水解氮、有效磷含量范围分别为3.04～3.8%、172.66～246.72mg/kg、15.02～38.14mg/kg,根据土壤养分分级标准,均在3级以上,比较丰富,速效钾含量在48.18～139.31mg/kg范围内,属3-4级,含量较低。结合安福县土壤肥力基本状况,建议该县在农业生产过程中,注重农田合理施肥。尤其注意：通过合理耕作,增施有机肥,防止养分的侵蚀与淋失;注意平衡施肥,针对不同类型土壤应采用不同施肥方法。     

佛山城郊蔬菜硝酸盐含量和土壤养分分析及施肥

研究了佛山城郊蔬菜生产基地土壤理化性状、灌溉水和蔬菜中硝酸盐的污染现状,初步摸清了土壤养分情况和蔬菜中硝酸盐的污染状况.结果表明,土壤酸碱度适中,土壤质地比较理想,土壤有机质含量偏低;水解性氮含量中等居多,占77.5%;速效磷含量、速效钾属极丰富水平.14种蔬菜中,共8个蔬菜样品的硝酸盐含量都超过了卫生标准（〉432     

冬小麦新品种秦麦3号的选育及栽培技术研究

秦麦３号小麦新品种是用东方红３号作母本,昌农９２１作父本进行杂交选育而成。该品种在水地栽培条件下比对照品种京冬８号增产６．７４％,在旱地栽培条件下增产２２．６％。具有高产、稳产、抗寒、耐旱、抗白粉病、抗条锈病、抗倒伏、抗穗发芽、品质优良及适应各种水肥条件种植等特点。并根据本区生态和生产条件,总结出该品种相应的配套栽培技术。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Recent Development of Highly Accurate Linear Scaling Elongation Method and Its Applications to Large Systems

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with