基于分数阶超混沌的新图像加密算法

分数阶混沌系统具有复杂的动力学特性,因此在图像加密中具有更高的安全性.首先,利用离散logistic混沌系统对彩色数字图像的三基色平面进行置乱.然后,利用分数阶CYQY超混沌系统对置乱图像的三基色通道进行逐像素替换.为提高明文对密文的敏感性,通过明文图像产生的小数对作为密钥的阶次、参数和系统初始值等进行扰动,理论分析和对彩色Baboon图像的仿真实验均表明,该算法加密效果好且能有效抵抗各种攻击.     

四维混沌与分数傅里叶变换的图像加密方案

将四维超混沌系统和标准加权类分数傅里叶变换理论相结合,提出了一种数字图像加密双重方案.对图像进行三基色分层标准加权类分数傅里叶变换,利用超四维混沌序列对变换结果进行置乱操作,将置乱后的3层数据融合得到加密图像仿真结果表明,加密后的图像灰度分布均衡,相邻像素的相关系数高度不相关,并且加密图像对秘钥高度敏感,具有较好抗攻击性、鲁棒性.     

基于多混沌和分数Fourier的光学图像加密算法

针对双随机相位编码光学图像加密系统的非线性不足和密钥空间小的问题,提出一种基于多混沌和分数Fourier变换的光学图像加密算法.首先,迭代分数阶Chen混沌系统生成三组混沌序列,分别置乱明文图像的三基色分量以减小图像像素相关性.然后,利用量子细胞神经网络超混沌系统调制随机相位模板,以其复杂的非线性动力学特征弥补双随机相位编码系统非线性不足的缺陷.其次,通过使用分数阶混沌、超混沌系统和二维分数Fourier变换使加密算法的密钥空间达到了2~(765).最后,密钥敏感性测试、相关性分析、已知明文攻击、噪声攻击和剪切攻击等实验表明本算法具有密钥敏感性强、密文图像像素相关性低和抗攻击性强的优点.     

基于Logistic和统一混沌系统的彩色图像加密方法

为了增强彩色图像的加密效果,论文提出一种基于Logistic和统一混沌系统的彩色图像加密方法.该方法首先由Logistic系统生成128位Hash值以便在行、列全局位置置乱中确定各行和各列的交换次序,然后使用统一混沌系统的x、y和z序列分别对三基色图像像素进行逐点替代加密.仿真实验结果及其分析表明,该方法不仅实现简单,安全性强,具有良好的像素值混淆、扩散性能和较大抵抗强力攻击的密钥空间,而且加密图像像素值具有类随机均匀分布特性且相邻像素的值具有零相关特性.     

一种基于广义Chen''''s混沌系统的图像加密新算法

根据高雏混沌系统具有更高安全性的特点，提出一种基于三雏Chen’s混沌系统的数字图像加密新算法，通过王乱图像像素的空间位王和改变像素值来混淆密文图像和明文图像之间的关系。利用Chen’s混沌系统的二雏序列王乱图像像素的空间位王；然后，由Chen’s混沌系统输出的三雏混沌序列得到适合灰度图像或真彩色图像加密的密钥序列，利用混沌密钥序列对王乱图像进行遂像素加密。研究结果表明，该算法具有良好的像素值混淆、扩散性能和较大抵抗强力攻击的密钥空间，加密图像像素值具有类随机均匀分布特性，且相邻像素值具有零相关特性，所提出的方案具有较高安全性。     

基于二维广义Logistic映射和反馈输出的图像加密算法

提出一个利用广义Logistic映射构造的二维非线性混沌映射,采用相图、分岔图分析方法,研究该混沌映射的非线性动态特性;利用该二维混沌方程生成混沌序列,将混沌序列进行优化改进,生成密钥序列;采用输出反馈的加密方式,改变图像的像素,达到加密的目的。实验仿真结果表明:该加密算法对明文和密文都非常敏感,混沌序列的选择极其敏感地依赖于明文,有效地提高了抵御选择明文攻击的能力;密文图像信息熵为7.974 3,接近理想值8.000 0,因而加密图像像素具有类随机均匀分布特性;加密图像和明文图像之间的相关性非常小,相邻像素具有零相关特性,而且密钥空间达到299 bit,加密方法大大改变了明文图像的像素,使得密文能够抵御统计攻击;本算法有很高的安全性,具有良好的加密效果。     

一种基于五维超混沌系统的数字图像加密算法

构造新的混沌系统和超混沌系统是数字图像加密中重要的组成部分.首先构建了一个5维超混沌系统;其次对其做了一些简要的动力特征分析;最后,把其产生的混沌序列与图像的像素值进行了按位"异或"运算,得到了加密图像.实验结果和理论分析表明,该算法具有密钥空间大、密钥敏感性高的特性,能够有效地抵御统计分析和灰度值分析的攻击,对数字图像的加密具有良好的加密效果.     

基于改进Lorenz混沌系统的图像加密新算法

为了提高图像加密算法的加密安全性和抗攻击能力,提出一种基于改进Lorenz混沌系统的图像加密新算法。首先,将Lorenz系统中的1个非线性项用指数函数项与单变量2次平方项的和替代;然后,分析该改进Lorenz系统的动力学特性,证实其混沌特性;最后,利用该混沌映射生成分别用于置乱加密和替代加密的2组密钥序列,进行图像的加密和解密操作:在置乱加密阶段,将图像像素灰度进行升序排列,并与置乱加密密钥序列结合实现像素位置置乱;在替代加密阶段,采用密文反馈的加密方式修改像素灰度。研究结果表明:该算法能有效抵御选择明文攻击,密文图像像素具有类随机均匀分布特性,且相邻像素具有零相关特性,拥有192 bit的密钥空间且对密钥非常敏感。     

基于分块置乱与扩散的分数阶混沌彩色图像加密算法

提出一种基于分块置乱与扩散的分数阶混沌彩色图像加密算法.首先,将彩色明文图像转换为由各基色分量组成的灰度图像,并将其划分成若干块;然后,利用Logistic映射产生的一组随机整数,对该灰度图像进行分块置乱,得到置乱后的彩色图像;最后,将置乱图像的每个基色分量均分成两个子块,并利用优化改进后的分数阶混沌序列,以并行方式对子块进行两轮像素值的改变及扩散操作,从而得到最终的加密图像.理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法具有加密速度快、安全性高、加解密效果好等优点,并能抵抗差分攻击、统计攻击和选择密文攻击等.     

一个新型四维混沌系统的构造与应用

本文构建了一个新型的四维混沌系统,并利用混沌和密码学的对应关系将其应用到彩色图像加密领域。首先分析了新系统的动力学特征:检验是否存在混沌吸引子,计算平衡点及Lyapunov指数,观察初值敏感性以及混沌信号的随机特性。并将新系统与超混沌Chen系统进行了比较,以验证新系统混沌特性的优劣。然后将新系统应用到基于Hopfield网络的单像素加密算法中,并进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,新系统具有很好的混沌特性,产生的序列也具有很高的随机性,适用于图像加密领域;该单像素加密算法可有效抵抗差分攻击,剪切和噪声干扰。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to