含硅芳基炔丙基醚树脂及其复合材料的制备与性能

将双酚二炔丙醚和氯硅烷缩聚合成了两种含硅芳基炔丙基醚(PSPE)树脂：含硅双酚A二炔丙醚(PSPE-A)树脂和含硅二苯醚二炔丙醚(PSPE-O)树脂,并用乙炔基苯基封端PSPE制备了端乙炔基苯基PSPE(DPSPE)。合成的PSPE树脂固化温度高,用乙炔基苯基封端后可明显降低PSPE树脂的固化温度和固化反应表观活化能,并可使其在氮气中5%热失重温度(T_d5)和800℃残留率(Y_r,800℃)分别提升至486.3℃和75.1%,玻璃化转变温度(T_g)高于400℃。石英纤维布(QF)/PSPE-A的弯曲强度和层间剪切强度分别为461.3 MPa和35.6 MPa,T300碳纤维布(T300CF)/PSPE-A的弯曲强度和层间剪切强度分别为655.2 MPa和39.3 MPa。     

端羟基聚苯乙烯改性UVWPU涂料制备与性能研究

以异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四氢呋喃(PTMEG)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为主要原料,通过自制端羟基聚苯乙烯作为扩链剂,在紫外光固化水性聚氨酯(UVWPU)结构中引入刚性苯环基团来提高涂膜的耐热性及硬度,产物结构通过FT-IR来证实.同时研究了DMPA的用量、扩链参数以及端羟基聚苯乙烯改性对于乳液稳定性和涂膜性能的影响.结果表明,DMPA用量6%后,乳液的储存稳定期在6个月以上,扩链参数1.35时,涂膜外观及其涂膜性能较好;经端羟基聚苯乙烯扩链改性后的UV固化膜在5%和10%失重温度分别为245℃和282℃时,较改性前提高了32℃和27℃,涂膜的附着力、铅笔硬度均得到了提高.     

离子液体[BMIm]Cl中木质素基环氧树脂的合成

以离子液体为溶剂,对甲苯酚为酚化剂,浓硫酸为催化剂,对碱木质素(LG)进行酚化改性,然后再以Na OH为催化剂,酚化木质素(PLG)与环氧氯丙烷(ECH)进行环氧化反应,合成木质素基环氧树脂(LGEP)。利用傅里叶红外光谱对木质素及其改性和合成产物进行表征分析,示差紫外光谱法对PLG的酚羟基含量进行测定,环氧异丙醇法测定LGEF的环氧值,并设计正交实验,对酚化工艺及环氧树脂合成工艺进行了探究。实验表明:对甲苯酚的用量为10 m L/g,催化剂质量分数为60%的浓硫酸的用量为10 m L/g,改性温度为80℃,改性时间为3 h,酚化效果最佳,产物酚羟基含量达到1.453 2 mmol/g;p H=9,n(酚羟基):n(ECH)=1∶2.5,反应温度90℃,反应时间5 h,环氧效果最好,最高环氧值为0.431。     

阴离子型水性聚氨酯湿摩擦提升剂的制备及应用

以聚丙二醇(PPG-1000)为软段,以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、亲水扩链剂二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为硬段,采用预聚体法,制备不含有机溶剂的水性聚氨酯乳液.通过正交实验方法考察异氰酸酯指数(R)、DMPA的质量分数、饱和度、封端剂对乳液性能的影响,并讨论焙烘温度和时间对固色效果的影响,同时,将固色效果与市售产品进行比较.结果表明,在R=2.0,w(DMPA)=2.0%,饱和度为95%,环氧氯丙烷(ECH)作为封端交联剂且x(ECH)=90%,所合成的阴离子水性聚氨酯乳液具有较好的固色效果.在焙烘温度为120℃,焙烘时间为10 min,PU革的干摩擦牢度达4～5级、湿摩擦牢度达3～4级,优于市售产品的固色效果.     

末端交联准理想无规3,3-二叠氮甲基氧丁环-四氢呋喃共聚醚弹性体应力应变特性

聚合物应力应变特性与其应变过程聚集态演化密切相关,而有关应变诱发聚合物结晶研究多集中在均聚物与聚酯方面.以3,3-二叠氮甲基氧丁环（BAMO）和四氢呋喃（THF）等摩尔比准理想无规共聚醚端羟基3,3-二叠氮甲基氧丁环-四氢呋喃预聚物（PBT）为研究对象,利用氨基甲酸酯反应制备了末端三维交联PBT弹性体.变温力学性能测试表明PBT弹性体拉伸强度和延伸率由60℃时0.72 MPa,72%升至-40℃时16.2 MPa,740%,拉伸强度和延伸率随温度下降而单调上升;低于-20℃时弹性体拉伸强度和延伸率随温度下降迅速增加.理论分析表明,-40℃时弹性体网链沿应变方向取向,网链中BAMO微嵌段在应变320%处诱发结晶,增强分子链间相互作用,提高了PBT弹性体力学性能.定应变循环拉伸测试表明,PBT弹性体拉伸强度随循环次数增加而逐渐下降,低温、高应变下的拉伸强度高度依赖于弹性体拉伸前的有效网链密度.      

室温固化无溶剂双组份聚氨酯结构胶的研究

合成了4种相对分子质量和官能度各不相同的聚酯多元醇,并与MDI反应合成了端羟基及端异氰酸基预聚体,通过红外光谱对其结构进行了表征.研究了不同端羟基化合物与端异氰酸基化合物所构体系的粘接性能、热老化性能及热失重情况,结果表明该体系室温剪切强度为35~40 MPa,80℃,100℃和200℃剪切强度可达12~16 MPa,6~8 MPa和3~5 MPa,90°剥离强度为5~7 kN/m,T5最高为286℃,加入石棉后体系的高温剪切强度及耐热老化性能都得到提高.     

二氧化碳与环氧丙烷、苯基缩水甘油醚的三元共聚物的制备与性能

采用负载戊二酸锌催化剂催化二氧化碳与环氧丙烷、苯基缩水甘油醚共聚得到了高分子量的三元共聚物.核磁氢谱、碳谱的结果证明了得到的聚合产物是三元共聚聚碳酸酯.该三元共聚物的玻璃化转变温度大于35℃,5%失重温度高于250℃,拉伸强度达30 MPa.由于侧链苯基醚的加入,三元共聚物的柔韧性比二氧化碳与环氧丙烷的二元共聚物更大.     

遥爪聚合物的研究——四氢呋喃阳离子开环聚合机理

对BF_3·OEt_2/ECH引发体系引发THF阳离子开环聚合制备遥爪端羟基四氢呋喃进行了研究,发现BF_3·OEt_2和BF_3·THF有相同的引发作用;聚醚链为双端羟基封端,其中以伯羟基为主;在实验基础上提出了新的聚合机理。     

芳基二炔丙基醚改性含硅芳炔树脂的性能

合成了4,4'-双酚芴二炔丙基醚(DPO-BPF)和4,4'-二苯醚二炔丙基醚(DPO-BPE),将两种芳基二炔丙基醚与含硅芳炔(PSA)树脂通过溶液和熔融法制得改性的PSA。对改性PSA树脂的固化反应、树脂浇铸体的热稳定性和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:相比于PSA树脂,加入两种芳基二炔丙基醚改性的PSA树脂的固化反应起始温度变化小,固化反应峰值温度升高。改性PSA树脂在氮气中的热稳定性随加入芳基二炔丙基醚质量分数的增加而下降,30%(质量分数)的DPO-BPF改性PSA树脂固化物在氮气中5%热失重温度(T_(d5))为559℃,800℃残留率为87%。DPO-BPE和DPO-BPF改性PSA树脂浇铸体的力学性能高于纯PSA树脂浇铸体的力学性能,20%(质量分数)DPO-BPE改性PSA树脂浇铸体的弯曲强度和冲击强度可达51.6 MPa和5.2 kJ/m~2,分别比纯PSA树脂浇铸体的相应值增加了137%和136%;动态热力学分析可知改性后PSA树脂浇铸体在500℃内未发现玻璃化转变。改性PSA树脂力学性能显著提高,耐热性能优异,可用作耐热、结构一体化轻质材料。     

Ymer N120改性非离子型水性环氧乳液的制备与性能研究

为克服当前水性环氧乳液的环氧基团含量和固含量低导致的涂料和涂膜性能差的缺点，本文从分子结构设计的角度出发，首先以聚乙二醇400（PEG400）为软段，制备了非离子型水性环氧（WEP）乳液；然后以侧基亲水扩链剂（Ymer N120）对其进行改性，合成了改性非离子型水性环氧（YWEP）乳液，研究了Ymer N120的用量对YWEP乳液和涂膜性能的影响.结果表明，WEP乳液的环氧基团含量（以环氧值表示）最高可达0.36,引入侧基亲水基团后YWEP乳液可在保持较高环氧值的条件下进一步将固含量由30%提高至52%,提高了73.3%.固化后涂膜的拉伸强度由57.3 MPa增大至64.8 MPa.腐蚀电流密度由7.97×10^-8 mA·cm^-2减小至9.99×10^-9 mA·cm^-2.综上所述，亲水基团由主链转移至侧基后可有效提高水性环氧乳液、涂料和涂膜的性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with