组织通过外部学习进行隐性知识转移的模型研究

针对隐性知识的特征及其传播特点,用微分动力学方法建立了组织通过外部学习进行隐性知识转移的分析模型,在此基础上,进一步分析了影响组织隐性知识转移渐近解的主要参数控制.模型揭示了组织通过外部学习进行隐性知识转移的规律,指出了组织获得外部隐性知识的条件及隐性知识在组织中传播的条件,同时也阐明了一些能改进隐性知识转移效果的途径,文中最后还分析了模型对管理的现实意义.     

Knowing and Acting in Conditions of Uncertainty: A Complexity Perspective

As practitioners working with groups and organizations, we have reflected together on what we think is happening when we find ourselves acting into situations in which the intention motivating the action as its goal is itself emerging in the very action. Along with others, we have been excited by the ideas of self-organization in the natural sciences and also theories of practice, for example, tacit and explicit knowledge, in the social sciences. Together, these promise fresh insights into the potential of organizations. However, we find ourselves diverging significantly from writers who at first sight seem to be using similar ideas, but they do so with an exclusive focus on strategic choice and intention. To illustrate what we mean, we explore the work of Nonaka and Takeuchi and how they use Polanyi's idea of the participant observer. We do this to identify contradictions we see in their approach. We also discuss the implications of an alternative understanding of participation and what this indicates about what can and cannot be managed in the creation of new knowledge.     

设计优化可视化研究综述

现代设计优化技术日益复杂,可视化技术的引入对促进优化技术在工程中的普及与应用,提高设计质量与优化效率具有重要意义.首先分析了设计优化中存在的未知因素多、求解不透明,优化效率低、结果分析不直观等问题,阐述了设计优化可视化概念,综述了国内外研究现状及发展趋势,建立了设计优化可视化功能框架,分析了设计优化可视化系统实现的技术难点,论述了综合应用多种可视化方法,多角度解决问题的技术策略.     

鱼雷外形多学科设计优化与仿真

分析了基于响应面近似模型的并行子空间设计方法RS-CSD的执行过程和步骤,将鱼雷外形设计划分为减阻设计和声学设计两个学科,建立了其学科分析模型和系统优化模型,针对某型鱼雷的原始线型进行了优化设计和FLUENT仿真验证,结果表明优化外形的阻力有较大的降低,噪声性能有一定的改善,优化结果和仿真结果具有一致性.     

Fostering Design Culture Through Cultivating the User-Designers' Design Thinking and Systems Thinking

In this paper, the essence of design thinking and systems thinking is reviewed, analyzed, and synthesized. Although there are many valuable schools of systems thinking, I focus on both Banathy's and Senge's since there are design spirit embedded in their systems thinking. I attempt to grasp the spirit of Banathy's systems models and the essence of Senge's systems thinking, incorporating them into my design inquiry. I propose adopting an enlightened, transformative design approach in order to enhance the revolution of the public's inner and outer systems through collaborative design engagement. It is expected that by utilizing the transformative design approach, the public or user–designers could gain the necessary skills to envision their own learning, assume responsibility for designing their own learning environments, and systematically reflect upon their habitual thinking and actions. Ultimately, the user-designers would be able to transform their model-driven or theory-driven approaches to systems application into a cultural approach to the cultivation of systems thinking and design thinking. Indeed, design thinking, as well as contemporary systems thinking are two powerful wings to make us fly in the capacious learning world of the 21st century.     

Connecting informal networks to management of tacit knowledge

The relationship between tacit knowledge and informal networks has not been fully explored.Tacit knowledge cannot be well managed directly,because it is deeply embedded in individual actions and experiences.This study proposes an approach to managing informal networks as a new middle way to facilitate the sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge,owing to the fact that tacit knowledge is mostly shared and transferred through informal networks.To support the idea of the approach,an empirical case study of applying the approach to management of a large scientific project is also included.Our findings suggest that informal networks play essential roles for management of tacit knowledge,and thus good management of informal networks can lead to efficient sharing and transferring of tacit knowledge.     

多媒体HCI设计的内涵

本文详细讨论了人－机界面（ＨＣＩ－ＨｕｍａｎＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＩｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ）设计的主要内容,论述了ＨＣＩ的处理机制、可用性以及设计周期等问题;并对与ＨＣＩ技术极为相关的认知心理学进行了研究,同时也分析了人脑处理信息的过程。     

运载火箭优化设计通用仿真类库设计与开发

在面向对象方法学的指导下，从运载火箭一体化优化设计实际要求出发，针对仿真计算的通用性需求，设计开发了运载火箭一体化优化设计通用仿真类库。首先进行了运载火箭一体化优化设计问题的面向对象建模，然后分析设计了通用仿真类库的主要类，介绍了利用Visual C 平台开发类库的主要技术和方法。基于该仿真类库可以完成针对不同类型火箭、不同设计要求的运载火箭参数优化设计计算，该仿真类库已经成功地应用到一个系列化运载火箭总体优化设计中。     

仿真软件开发中的面向对象设计

一些仿真软件还存在可重用性差，难以扩展和维护等问题。究其原因是软件开发人员，特别是设计人员没有深刻理解面向对象设计技术。介绍了面向对象设计准则、设计模式等先进的设计思想和技术；通过设计战斗机综合仿真模块的示例，说明如何贯彻设计准则、合理应用设计模式来提升仿真软件模块的可重用性，尽量避免重复设计，使其既针对当前的仿真任务，又通用于将来的需求。     

模具并行设计过程的结构化建模研究

针对并行设计的需求,分析了模具设计过程中活动之间的三种基本联系（非耦合、耦合与准耦合）;利用设计结构矩阵和图论的有关知识,提出了模具设计过程中耦合活动识别的算法,并进一步划分了模具设计中各活动的级别,经过活动重组和过程优化,最后给出了能体现并行设计特点的模具设计过程结构化模型。     

视频汇流环的小型化设计

本文从理论上阐明:在保证层叠式视频汇流环电气性能的前提下,欲减小结构尺寸、体积和重量,必须选择特性阻抗小的同轴电缆,采用介电系数尽可能小的绝缘材料作绝缘盘,同时必须从工艺上解决这种材料在加工过程中或加工后出现裂纹的问题。     

基于粒度计算的鲁棒性组织设计方法

介绍了面向使命的组织和组织设计,讨论了组织的鲁棒性设计问题。分析了组织设计中需要考虑的使命参数不确定性,定义了使命邻域的概念来设计不确定使命环境。通过扩展基于粒度计算的组织设计方法,提出了鲁棒性组织设计方法,设计过程包括两个阶段:平台集粒化阶段和决策分层阶段。讨论了两个阶段的设计方法,并给出了基于遗传算法的平台集粒化方法。案例分析和对比试验表明文中的方法具有较好的性能。     

TOWARD COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE OF ONLINE COMMUNITIES： A PRIMITIVE CONCEPTUAL MODEL

Inspired by the ideas of Swarm Intelligence and the global brain, a concept of community intelligence is suggested in the present paper, reflecting that some intelligent features may emerge in a Web-mediated online community from interactions and knowledge-transmissions between the community members. This possible research field of community intelligence is then examined under the backgrounds of community and intelligence researches. Furthermore, a conceptual model of community intelligence is developed from two views. From the structural view, the community intelligent system is modeled as a knowledge supernetwork that is comprised of triple interwoven networks of the media network, the human network, and the knowledge network. Furthermore, based on a dyad of knowledge in two forms of knowing and knoware, the dynamic view describes the basic mechanics of the formation and evolution of community intelligence. A few relevant research issues are shortly discussed on the basis of the proposed conceptual model.     

建筑工程并行设计过程规划与仿真研究

对建筑设计过程进行高效可靠的规划和仿真以增加设计过程的可预测性,缩短开发周期以及降低设计过程失败风险正变得越来越重要。将并行工程的思想和方法运用到建筑设计领域中,通过构建一种基于设计结构矩阵（DSM）的设计过程模型,对在资源约束条件下的设计过程进行有效规划和工期仿真计算。最后以一般商业办公楼的设计过程为例对仿真模型进行了验证。     

建筑工程设计过程规划研究

基于信息流的模糊设计结构矩阵,以矩阵形式建立建筑工程设计过程的动态模型并进一步提出了一种建筑产品开发过程优化重组的方法.对其模型进行研究,从而得出一个可控制的,更加有效的设计过程.     

面向对象的分析设计方法在导弹控制系统设计过程中的应用

本文把面向对象的分析设计方法应用于导弹控制系统设计过程.描述了导弹控制系统设计过程中的对象与类,数据封装,继承和派生,以及多态性等概念.证明了利用此方法可以提高导弹设计过程中安全性和可靠性,大大增加资源的重用性.对于型号研制可缩短周期节省经费.     

离心机控制系统设计

研究的目的是针对离心机系统中存在的延迟滞后、惯性、非线性和时变性 ,设计离心机控制系统。研究方法是先给出控制系统的结构 ,提出可调节PID控制算法 ,利用传感器获取离心机当前的工作状态信息 ,通过软件方法进行查表得到PID参数。最后实验结果证明该控制系统是有效的。该控制器能较好地实现对指令信号的跟踪 ,具有广泛的实际应用价值。     

航空喷雾飘移控制仿真器的设计

喷雾飘移是影响航空喷洒效果和造成环境污染的重要因素。在分析航空喷雾飘移影响因素的基础上,结合雾滴运动规律,提出了基于视景仿真的航空喷雾飘移控制仿真器设计方案。介绍了仿真器体系结构、基本功能、工作流程和关键技术,并建立了一个仿真系统。仿真结果显示,提出的方案合理,所设计的仿真器可作为一个模块,应用到人机交互-虚拟现实的模拟飞行喷雾系统中。     

参数设计的模拟退火并行计算法

针对参数设计中的一类非线性规划问题 ,基于均匀设计的思想 ,提出一种全局优化的模拟退火并行计算方法 .实例计算表明 ,该算法简单、有效 ,便于质量工程人员使用 .     

微通道热沉的稳健优化设计

将田口稳健设计方法用于硅基微通道热沉的优化设计，建立了微通道热沉的简化性能分析模型，确定了影响其散热性能的关键参数，利用正交试验和信噪比分析实现了参数的稳健优化。利用外部监控程序对CAD和CAE软件的脚本进行动态修改，并且创建专门的进程来执行修改后的脚本，采用共享文件和延时的方法实现主进程、几何建模进程和性能分析进程的同步运行，实现了稳健设计过程的自动化。