关于地图图像的半自动拼接技术研究＊

研究了将由扫描仪分块扫描输入的地图图像拼接成整幅地图的问题，给出了半自动拼接地图图像的方法和步骤，这些方法经在ＩＢＭ４８６微机上实践表明，拼接后的地图分割存储便于进行图像信息管理，并且可实现全图平移     

图像拼接的预处理算法研究

在基于图像的虚拟现实中，为了加快相邻图像的拼接速度，提出了对图像进行灰度化，然后将灰度图投影，进行粗略匹配的预处理算法。实例表明，该算法可以有效地实现图像预定位，缩小图像拼接时的搜索范围，提高拼接速度。     

车辆导航中地图匹配算法的研究

地图匹配是借助GIS电子地图数据库中的高精度道路信息作为分类模板来进行模式识别,根据识别结果计算和显示车辆行驶的正确位置并校正GPS接收数据的定位误差。本文通过比较分析现有的地图匹配算法,从效率、精度、程序设计三方面进行考虑,提出一种新型快速的地图匹配算法。在不降低计算准确性的基础上大大减少了运算复杂度,提高了时间效率,更能够适应实时车辆导航系统的需求。     

基于图像拼接的室外环境地面特征地图创建

为获取基于地图匹配的定位算法所要求的环境地图,提出了一种室外环境下基于图像拼接的地面特征地图创建方法.创建过程分为环境探索以及离线地图生成.在环境探索中,手动控制机器人在环境中漫游,实时保存有关的传感器数据,如GPS、里程计以及视频数据.在离线地图生成中,针对传感器误差导致地图不精确的问题,采用了地图分块存储方式以及基于图像拼接的优化算法来提高地图精度.仿真及实验证明了该地图创建方法的有效性.     

基于小波变换的遥感图像快速拼接方法

基于图像小波变换与低频区域特征匹配的拼接方法,实现无人机序列遥感图像的快速动态拼接.根据无人机遥感图像成像的内、外方位元素,采用直角空间变换及二次线性插补方法,实现了遥感图像校正.小波变换提取低频图像,在此图像区域中搜索和提取特征模板,然后利用序贯相似性检测法进行匹配计算.根据匹配结果,实现两幅图像的拼接.仿真实验结果表明,所提出的拼接方法具有较好的实时性和拼接精度.     

乐谱识别中的图象预处理技术

在印刷体乐谱识别过程中，首先要将乐谱文本用扫描仪输入到计算机。纸张的厚薄、光洁度及放置的位置等均可能造成图象变形，产生污点、断裂等干扰，所以在识别前要对这幅带有随机干扰噪声的乐谱图象数字信号进行预处理。本文提出的图象二值化、平滑和滤波及倾斜校正等算法能很好地解决乐谱识别中的干扰问题，这些算法也适用于字符识别及其他文本图象识别中的预处理。     

关于地图图像的半自动拼接技术研究

研究了将由扫描仪分块扫描输入的地图图像接接成整幅地图的问题，给出了半自动接接地图图像的方法和步骤，这些方法经在ＩＢＭ４８６微机上实践表明，接接后的地图分割存储便地进行图像信息管理，并且可实现全图平移。     

基于SIFT特征矢量图的快速图像拼接方法

为了减少图像拼接方法的计算复杂度,提出一种基于尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)特征矢量图的快速图像拼接方法.该方法首先结合相位相关算法,确定待拼接图像的重叠区域,限定SIFT特征点检测范围;然后考虑特征点的空间位置信息,构建SIFT特征矢量图像,以便在特征匹配时限制匹配点的搜索范围,快速获得匹配点对.实验结果表明,该方法减少了大量的不必要搜索,提高了图像拼接速度.     

多相机图像拼接算法的改进

为了加快图像拼接中特征检测的速率,避免图像中非重合区域对特征检测点与匹配的干扰,通过重合区域预估计算和图像的掩模处理的方法,研究了只针对重合区域的改进检测算法。为了降低由于多图拼接造成的累积误差,通过使用中间图像为基准的多图拼接的思路,研究了改进多图拼接算法并定义了平移矩阵并给出了平移量的计算公式。为了使融合效果更好,通过传统的加权线性融合算法,研究了分区域加权线性融合。结果表明:加快了特征检测速率,降低了特征点之间的误匹配率,优化了由于多图拼接带来的累积误差,提高了图像融合品质。可见上述提到的对多相机图像拼接的系列算法的改进在效果、速率上都有所改进。     

一种基于特征点的图像匹配算法

本文提出一种图像特征点匹配算法，并在该算法的基础上形成构建全景图的图像拼接算法．此算法采用Harris角检测算子进行特征点提取，并为其分配特征描述符．在进行相邻图片的特征比对时，提出一种基于小波系数的特征索引算法，提高搜索效率．运用稳健的RANSAC算法将伪匹配点集合划分成为内点与外点，在内点域中精确计算图像之间的变换关系．算法的重要特点为：基于小波系数的特征索引，可以使不同图像之间匹配特征点的搜索效率显著提高．实验结果表明：该算法得到的匹配点精确，受图像的形变、噪声影响较小；图像拼接处理的效果较好，具有较高的实用价值．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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