渤海大学大型仪器简介

正三维非接触式表面形貌仪仪器中文名:三维非接触式表面形貌仪仪器英文名:3D Non Contact Metrology型号:ST400制造商:美国NANOVEA公司产地:美国主要技术指标:300μm的光学测量探头:1.Z方向最小分辨率:12nm2.Z方向最大测量范围:300μm3.工作距离:11mm     

用于纳米三坐标机的非接触式触发探头的研制

在进行微米级测量时,纳米三坐标机常用的接触式探头会损伤软的或脆的待测品。该文研制了一种用蓝光DVD读取头作为传感器的非接触式触发探头。该探头的测量原理是当待测样品位于探头聚焦面时,聚焦误差信号返回值为零。将该探头安装于三维纳米平台上实验,结果显示触发分辨率达1nm,标准差约12nm。     

基于蓝光DVD光学读取头的非接触式探头

为解决微小器件的高精度、高分辨率的测量问题,文章研制了一台基于蓝光DVD光学读取头的非接触式探头,实现了对微小尺寸的三维高精度测量。该探头的设计是对市售的蓝光DVD光学读取头的改进,改装后使用数值孔径为0.85的聚焦透镜。蓝光DVD光学读取头发出波长405nm的蓝光扫描被测量器件,减小了聚焦弥散斑直径,提高了探头的分辨率。对组装好的探头进行了测试,实验结果证实,该探头的分辨率优于1nm,对阶高为2μm的标准器件重复测量的标准差为21nm。     

二维工作台正交性检测

应用非接触式电容测微仪以及平晶与多齿分度盘组合,检测二维工作台的正交性。调试为下层台200mm、上层台300mm行程时的正交性小于±0.5″,满足要求。     

基于图像处理的微钻芯厚测量

针对接触式芯厚测量设备不能测量直径小于0.30 mm的微钻的问题,提出了基于图像处理的微钻芯厚测量方法.为了提高设备的检测精度,对3种亚像素边缘检测算法进行了对比,综合各算法的误差和耗时,选取灰度矩法为亚像素边缘检测算法;并通过对直径0.40 mm、0.25 mm的钻头的芯厚测量来验证文中提出的测量方法的精确性.结果表明:对直径0.40 mm的钻头,基于图像处理的芯厚测量方法的重复精度可达1μm,重复精度优于接触式芯厚测量方法;对于直径0.25 mm的钻头,基于图像处理的芯厚测量方法的重复精度仍可达到1μm,说明该方法能够有效测量直径小于0.30 mm的微钻的芯厚.     

薄孔壁厚和小孔径测量系统

由于相邻孔壁厚度的测量根据进刀量进行计算时精度很低，故提出了一种应用电容传感器对2个微小孔间相邻孔壁进行精密测量的系统．基于非接触式电容测孔传感器，研究了测头的电场边缘效应影响及保护环的宽度选择，设计了电容瞄准测孔传感器的测头对相邻小孔中心定位，利用电容差动测厚传感器测量孔壁，系统由1个瞄准测孔传感器和2个差动测厚传感器及三通道测量电路组成，处理数据后直接显示孔径和孔间壁厚．系统属非接触测量，无需修正测头及工件变形误差，实验证明，测量精度为0．5μm，     

高精度激光点扫描三维测量系统及应用

针对复杂型面刀具的设计要求和结构特点,研究开发了一种基于点采集的高精度非接触式激光扫描测量系统.系统采用高精密点式激光头,通过数据采集与扫描过程的协调控制,数据采集点间距可达5μm,可有效捕捉刀具型面的微细特征.标准试样试验结果表明,该系统的测量精度达到±10μm,整体误差小于0.375%.对直径为2 mm的精密刀具进行测量的结果表明,刀具的复杂突变表面可以得到精确再现.该系统实现了小尺寸复杂型面的高精度测量,在精密刀具等小尺寸复杂型面零件的逆向工程中具有极大的应用价值.     

大型复杂结构件几何参量在线精密测量系统搭建及工程应用

针对大型复杂结构件几何参量在线精密测量的技术难题，本文开展了基于多轴联动激光扫描和结构光三目视觉摄影的尺寸测量技术研究；通过结构方案设计、算法研究、软件开发及系统搭建，研制了针对不同测量对象的多套非接触式几何尺寸测量系统.测试校准结果表明，激光扫描测量系统在15 m距离的测量不确定度为2.656 mm,结构光三目视觉测量系统在7 m距离的测量结果不确定度为1.552 mm,均满足大型结构件的测量范围及精度要求.在此基础上，本文采用两种类型的测量系统同时对生产现场大型热态锻件外圆直径参数进行在线测量，重复测量误差均小于±4 mm,测量结果表现出良好的一致性.研究结果为大型结构件表面和内部几何尺寸的高精度在线测量提供了有效的技术方法和装备.     

消光法微粒直径测量仪研制中几个问题的分析

本文改进了消光法微粒直径测量仪的光学系统。用极间距为1mm的氙灯作点光源时,通过用苯乙烯标准乳胶进行校核的方法指出,测量微粒直径时的光学系统误差小于0.6％。讨论了光波长的合理选择问题。当光波长取为0.4～0.8μm时,相应的单一均布的水珠直径的最佳测量范围是0.08～2.4μm。     

光外差干涉磁盘表面粗糙度测量仪

根据外差干涉计量术的原理,研制了非接触式的光外差干涉磁盘表面粗糙度测量仪.其垂直分辨率小于1nm,横向分辨率为2μm,对标准样板和计算机磁盘表面的测量结果也很令人满意.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that