高原型玫瑰花染料敏化太阳能电池的研究

文中采用酸、碱及中性溶液从高原型玫瑰花中提取色素制成染料敏化太阳能电池所需的染料。通过对提取出的高原型玫瑰花染料用于敏化太阳能电池后进行光电性能测试和量子效率测试,得到在一定的条件下提取的高原型玫瑰花染料用于敏化太阳能电池获得0.26%的光电转换效率。     

CdSe/CdS量子点共同敏化TiO_2纳米管阵列光阳极研究

为了探究量子点共敏化对TiO_2纳米管阵列太阳能电池的光电转换效率的影响,采用连续离子层沉积法制备了不同循环沉积次数的Cd Se量子点敏化和Cd Se/Cd S量子点共敏化TiO_2纳米管阵列光阳极,并采用能谱分析、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、紫外吸收光谱等方法对光阳极进行了表征。以制得的光阳极组装了太阳能电池,并对其光电转换效率和伏安特性进行了测试。研究结果表明:制备的Cd Se/Cd S量子点共敏化太阳能电池比Cd Se量子点单独敏化的太阳能电池更有效地吸收长波太阳光,在波长为575 nm处最大光电转化效率达到35.3%,对640 nm波长的光仍然有超过10%的量子效率;最大短路电流密度为5.45 m A/cm2,开路电压为0.64 V,光电转换效率达到1.95%,Cd Se/Cd S量子共敏化太阳能电池光电转换效率比Cd Se量子点单独敏化的提高了约2倍。     

染料敏化太阳能电池用固态电解质研究进展

染料敏化太阳能电池是近十几年来发展起来的新型高效率、低成本电池。电解质是关系到该电池稳定性的重要材料。介绍了染料敏化太阳能电池电解质的分类,讨论了准固态电解质和固态电解质的优缺点及其研究进展。使用传统的液态电解质获得的光电转换效率较高,但稳定性受到一定的影响,使用准固态电解质和固态电解质制备的染料敏化太阳能电池,稳定性有了较大的提高。重点讨论了准固态电解质以及无机p型半导体材料、有机p型半导体材料和导电高聚物等几种主要的固态电解质的特点和相应的电池稳定性。     

静电喷镀制备染料敏化太阳能电池

目的为了提高染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转化效率,优化染料制备太阳能薄膜工艺,实现Ti O2薄膜的自动喷镀加工.方法采用新型静电喷镀方法代替传统的浸泡方式将敏化染料喷镀到二氧化钛工作电极上,染料脱附后进行UV-Vis光谱的测试,并组装成染料敏化太阳能电池,检测其光电性能.结果用静电喷镀方法喷镀的染料吸光度都好于浸泡法,且喷镀40次染料的吸光度最高.喷镀法制备的电池的光电性能也高于浸泡方法得到的电池的光电性能,并且随着喷镀次数的增加光电性能也越来越好,40次的光电转化率为3.26%.结论静电喷镀技术在一定程度上优化了染料敏化太阳能电池的制备工艺,不但增大了染料的吸附量同时也节省了染料敏化电极的时间,从而提高了电池的效率.     

染料敏化TiO2纳晶太阳能电池研究进展

介绍染料敏化纳米晶 Ti O2 太阳电池的结构及其原理 ,对影响其光电转换效率的关键因素如纳米 Ti O2 膜、敏化染料、电解质做了探讨 .同时 ,对有机太阳能电池进行讨论并提出今后的研究方向 .     

微波辅助合成CdTe量子点及在太阳能电池中的应用

以CdCl2和Na2TeO3为反应物,巯基丙酸作为稳定剂和还原剂,通过微波辅助法快速合成高质量CdTe量子点,用CdTe量子点和染料N719共敏化TiO2纳米管阵列,以此为光阳极组装敏化太阳能电池。采用X射线衍射、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、扫描电镜和透射电镜等分析手段对样品进行表征,最后测定太阳能电池的光电转化效率。相对于传统CdTe量子点制备过程,采用巯基丙酸同时作为还原剂和稳定剂可以将以往的两步反应简化为一步,不需要复杂操作和氮气保护,减少了实验过程中有毒气体的排放;同时采用微波辅助法制备,还可以使量子点的生长更加快速。随着微波加热时间的增加,制得的量子点粒径增大,荧光发射峰红移,紫外可见吸收峰红移,量子产率最高达到63.6%。以CdTe量子点和染料N719共敏化TiO2纳米管阵列为光阳极的太阳能电池短路电流密度达到3.82mA/cm2,开路电压为0.518V,填充因子为0.32,光电转换效率达到0.63%,比未敏化太阳能电池光电转化效率高出152%。     

TiO2/P3HT复合太阳能电池的制备和性能研究

用简单易行的一步水热法在透明导电玻璃FTO上制备了直径、密度及取向可控的TiO2纳米阵列,FTO同时作为底电极,用旋涂法将有机P型聚合物P3HT复合到阵列表面,磁控溅射制备Pt电极,组装TiO2/P3HT有机无机复合太阳能电池.通过XRD、SEM、紫外-可见光谱仪、I-V/J-V特性曲线等表征TiO2阵列薄膜及器件的结构、形貌和光电特性.研究制备TiO2纳米阵列的水热时间及无水乙醇的量对薄膜质量及复合太阳能电池光电性能的影响.通过优化各项参数,FTO/TiO2/P3HT/Pt简单双层结构的光器件在AM1.5,光强100mW/cm2下开,路电压Voc达到0.50V,光电转换效率IPCE达到0.11%.     

基于Zn_2SnO_4纳米线固态染料敏化太阳能电池光生电荷分离与光电性质研究

采用水热法在不锈钢滤网上制备出Zn2SnO4纳米线.首次通过制备Zn2SnO4纳米线/CBS异质结构来提高复合体系的光生电荷分离效率;逐步改变CBS厚度系统研究了Zn2SnO4纳米线/CBS染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率.结果表明Cu4Bi4S9为1.0μm时,Zn2SnO4纳米线/Cu4Bi4S9异质结具有最强稳态和电场诱导表面光伏效应,对应染料敏化电池最高光电转换效率为4.12%.从光吸收、薄膜厚度、内建电场和能级匹配等几个方面,讨论了异质结和固态染料敏化电池中光生电荷分离的影响因素以及光生电荷传输机制.     

量子点敏化太阳能电池ZnO光阳极的制备及性能

先用水热法合成ZnO颗粒, 再用溶胶 凝胶法将ZnO颗粒制备成量子点敏化太阳能电池光阳极, 并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和光电流密度 电压曲线分析不同厚度的六方纤锌矿型ZnO光阳极对量子点敏化太阳能电池性能的影响. 结果表明, 增加量子点的吸附面积可使ZnO光阳极的UV-Vis谱吸收带边红移, 进而提升太阳能电池的光电转换效率.     

量子点敏化太阳能电池ZnO光阳极的制备及性能

先用水热法合成ZnO颗粒, 再用溶胶 凝胶法将ZnO颗粒制备成量子点敏化太阳能电池光阳极, 并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和光电流密度 电压曲线分析不同厚度的六方纤锌矿型ZnO光阳极对量子点敏化太阳能电池性能的影响. 结果表明, 增加量子点的吸附面积可使ZnO光阳极的UV-Vis谱吸收带边红移, 进而提升太阳能电池的光电转换效率.     

Flexible dye-sensitized solar cell based on PCBM/P3HT heterojunction

Using blend heterojunction consisting of C60 derivatives [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as charge carrier transferring medium to replace I3–/I– redox electrolyte,a novel flexible dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is fabricated.The characterization of infrared spectra and ultraviolet-visible spectra shows that the PCBM/P3HT heterojunction has not only the absorption in ultraviolet light for PCBM,but also the absorption in visible and near infrared light for P3HT,which widens the photoelectric response range for DSSC.The influence of PCBM/P3HT mass ratio on the performance of the solar cell is discussed.Under 100 mW cm–2 (AM 1.5) simulated solar irradiation,the flexible solar cell achieves a lightto-electric energy conversion efficiency of 1.43%,open circuit voltage of 0.87 V,short circuit current density of 3.0 mA cm–2 and fill factor of 0.54.     

双重优化对基于P3HT:PCBM有机太阳能电池效率的提高

有效提高太阳能电池对光的吸收效率是提高太阳能电池能量转换效率的重要因素.在以poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)为电子给体材料,[6,6]-phenyl C60-butyric acid methyl eater(PCBM)为电子受体材料的有机太阳能电池中,Poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)与活性层之间插入不同厚度的P3HT层,并在P3HT层最佳厚度的基础上,进一步在活性层中掺杂不同比例的Ag纳米粒子,双重优化了电池器件.当插入45 nm的P3HT层及掺杂质量比为5%的Ag纳米粒子时活性层薄膜的形貌及内部结构得到了改善,电池对光的吸收,及外量子效率得到了显著地提高,并出现红移现象.在25°C,光强为100 mW/cm2的条件下测量其短路电流密度JSC为11.21 mA/cm2,能量转化效率PCE为3.79%.     

Efficient organic photovoltaic diodes based on doped pentacene

Recent work on solar cells based on interpenetrating polymer networks and solid-state dye-sensitized devices shows that efficient solar-energy conversion is possible using organic materials. Further, it has been demonstrated that the performance of photovoltaic devices based on small molecules can be effectively enhanced by doping the organic material with electron-accepting molecules. But as inorganic solar cells show much higher efficiencies, well above 15 per cent, the practical utility of organic-based cells will require their fabrication by lower-cost techniques, ideally on flexible substrates. Here we demonstrate efficiency enhancement by molecular doping in Schottky-type photovoltaic diodes based on pentacene--an organic semiconductor that has received much attention as a promising material for organic thin-film transistors, but relatively little attention for use in photovoltaic devices. The incorporation of the dopant improves the internal quantum efficiency by more than five orders of magnitude and yields an external energy conversion efficiency as high as 2.4 per cent for a standard solar spectrum. Thin-film devices based on doped pentacene therefore appear promising for the production of efficient 'plastic' solar cells.     

All-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells with high efficiency

Dye-sensitized solar cells based on titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) are promising low-cost alternatives to conventional solid-state photovoltaic devices based on materials such as Si, CdTe and CuIn(1-x)Ga(x)Se(2) (refs 1, 2). Despite offering relatively high conversion efficiencies for solar energy, typical dye-sensitized solar cells suffer from durability problems that result from their use of organic liquid electrolytes containing the iodide/tri-iodide redox couple, which causes serious problems such as electrode corrosion and electrolyte leakage. Replacements for iodine-based liquid electrolytes have been extensively studied, but the efficiencies of the resulting devices remain low. Here we show that the solution-processable p-type direct bandgap semiconductor CsSnI(3) can be used for hole conduction in lieu of a liquid electrolyte. The resulting solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells consist of CsSnI(2.95)F(0.05) doped with SnF(2), nanoporous TiO(2) and the dye N719, and show conversion efficiencies of up to 10.2 per cent (8.51 per cent with a mask). With a bandgap of 1.3 electronvolts, CsSnI(3) enhances visible light absorption on the red side of the spectrum to outperform the typical dye-sensitized solar cells in this spectral region.     

ZnO纳米纤维:P3HT:PCBM杂化太阳能电池光性能研究

本文探索在空气中制备高效率ZnO纳米纤维:P3HT:PCBM杂化太阳能电池的方法（简称ZnO:P3HT:PCBM电池）,通过调控ZnO纳米纤维的纺丝时间,制备了效率达到2.94%的ZnO:P3HT:PCBM杂化太阳能电池。系统研究了纳米纤维的制备时间对电池光电性能的影响,采用扫描电镜（SEM）、电化学阻抗分析研究了ZnO纳米纤维的微观形貌及电池中的载流子传导特性。     

Sb2S3:P3HT共混物改善TiO2纳米棒阵列钙钛矿太阳电池的性能

为解决钙钛矿太阳电池中MAPbI₃的不稳定性问题,提高电池性能,对以TiO₂纳米棒阵列作为电子传输层、Sb₂S₃:P3HT共混物作为钙钛矿MAPbI₃修饰层的太阳电池进行了研究。首先,以SbCl₃作为锑源,Na₂S₂O₃作为硫源,采用溶剂热法制备合适尺寸的Sb₂S₃纳米球;其次,通过超声分散法将Sb₂S₃与P3HT在氯苯溶液中共混得到Sb₂S₃:P3HT共混物,将其旋涂于沉积了MAPbI₃薄膜的TiO₂纳米棒阵列上,形成FTO/TiO₂NR/MAPbI₃/Sb₂S₃:P3HT复合膜,制备成TiO₂纳米棒阵列MAPbI₃/Sb₂S₃:P3HT太阳电池;最后,采用SEM,XRD,J-V曲线和紫外可见吸收光谱等方法进行表征和测试。结果表明,制备的结构为FTO/TiO₂NR/MAPbI₃/Sb₂S₃:P3HT/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag的太阳电池,能量转换效率（PCE）最高达到了14.73％,与未采用Sb₂S₃:[JP]P3HT共混物修饰的TiO₂纳米棒阵列MAPbI₃太阳电池相比,能量转换效率得到了明显提升。因此,Sb₂S₃:P3HT共混物能避免出现钙钛矿MAPbI₃被氧化的不稳定性问题,可有效提高TiO₂纳米棒阵列MAPbI₃太阳电池的性能。     

P_3HT/PCBM基有机太阳能电池性能提高的研究

以P3HT作为电子给体材料,PCBM作为电子受体材料,制成不同厚度活性层的本体异质结有机太阳能电池.从I-V特性曲线分析了厚度对电池性能的影响.制备了添加PEDOTPSS和TiO2作为空穴阻挡层的有机电池,通过分析I-V特性曲线和吸收光谱,找到提高电池性能的方法.     

基于非富勒烯受体IEICO-4F的倍增型有机光电探测器

以非富勒烯材料O-IDTBR和IEICO-4F为电子受体,采用溶液法制备结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:O-IDTBR/Al和ITO/PEDOT:PSS/P3HT:IEICO-4F/Al的2种倍增型有机光电探测器.IEICO-4F器件在波长400 nm和790 nm处的最高外量子效率(EQE)分别达7220...     

A photovoltaic device structure based on internal electron emission

There has been an active search for cost-effective photovoltaic devices since the development of the first solar cells in the 1950s (refs 1-3). In conventional solid-state solar cells, electron-hole pairs are created by light absorption in a semiconductor, with charge separation and collection accomplished under the influence of electric fields within the semiconductor. Here we report a multilayer photovoltaic device structure in which photon absorption instead occurs in photoreceptors deposited on the surface of an ultrathin metal-semiconductor junction Schottky diode. Photoexcited electrons are transferred to the metal and travel ballistically to--and over--the Schottky barrier, so providing the photocurrent output. Low-energy (approximately 1 eV) electrons have surprisingly long ballistic path lengths in noble metals, allowing a large fraction of the electrons to be collected. Unlike conventional cells, the semiconductor in this device serves only for majority charge transport and separation. Devices fabricated using a fluorescein photoreceptor on an Au/TiO2/Ti multilayer structure had typical open-circuit photovoltages of 600-800 mV and short-circuit photocurrents of 10-18 micro A cm(-2) under 100 mW cm(-2) visible band illumination: the internal quantum efficiency (electrons measured per photon absorbed) was 10 per cent. This alternative approach to photovoltaic energy conversion might provide the basis for durable low-cost solar cells using a variety of materials.