Abundant gene conversion between arms of palindromes in human and ape Y chromosomes

Eight palindromes comprise one-quarter of the euchromatic DNA of the male-specific region of the human Y chromosome, the MSY. They contain many testis-specific genes and typically exhibit 99.97% intra-palindromic (arm-to-arm) sequence identity. This high degree of identity could be interpreted as evidence that the palindromes arose through duplication events that occurred about 100,000 years ago. Using comparative sequencing in great apes, we demonstrate here that at least six of these MSY palindromes predate the divergence of the human and chimpanzee lineages, which occurred about 5 million years ago. The arms of these palindromes must have subsequently engaged in gene conversion, driving the paired arms to evolve in concert. Indeed, analysis of MSY palindrome sequence variation in existing human populations provides evidence of recurrent arm-to-arm gene conversion in our species. We conclude that during recent evolution, an average of approximately 600 nucleotides per newborn male have undergone Y-Y gene conversion, which has had an important role in the evolution of multi-copy testis gene families in the MSY.     

DNA甲基化异常与人类肿瘤

DNA甲基化是表遗传学上研究最深入的一种机制,是一种酶介导的化学修饰过程,在DNA的某些碱基上增加一个甲基.在人类的肿瘤中都可以发现不同程度的DNA异常甲基化现象.介绍DNA甲基化在基因表达中的作用及其抑制基因转录、表达的机理,尤其发生在抑癌基因CpG岛和其他相关基因的甲基化异常与肿瘤发生、演进的关系,甲基化的检测方法以及去甲基化在肿瘤治疗方面的应用前景.     

南充地区主要灾害性天气与太阳活动关系的探讨

根据南充地区多年灾害性天气资料（１９５１—１９９１年）与太阳黑子资料（１９００－１９９１年），对南充地区主要灾害性天气与太阳活动的关系进行了初步探讨，发现南充地区的严重夏旱发生在太阳活动的上升时期，而严重伏旱、春旱、秋绵雨及洪涝大多出现在太阳活动的下降时期．     

试论实践的二极性与人的历史性存在的关系

从实践活动的二极性与人的历史性存在的关系来看,实践活动的合目的性与合规律性的统一是人历史性存在的价值尺度,实践主体的自然性和自为性的统一与人的历史性存在互为前提,主体客体化与客体主体化的统一是人历史性存在的价值再现。     

纤维粘连蛋白在人滋养上皮的不同定位与功能

从正常人不同发育时期,不明原因流产,增殖型和侵蚀型葡萄胎滋养细胞角度,用免疫组织化学方法观察纤维粘连蛋白（FN）的显微定位,比较研究其不同定位与滋养上皮增殖,生长，分化,凋亡，迁移和浸润的关系。结果显示 正常人不同发育时期,FN在早孕合体滋养细胞基底膜和绒毛外滋养细胞膜呈阳性着色,在中期非合体结处的滋养细胞质呈免疫反应阳性,在足月滋养细胞呈阴性着色; 不明原因流产,FN在合体滋养细胞核内呈阳性着色; FN在增殖型葡萄胎滋养细胞膜和绒毛外滋养细胞质呈强阳性着色;FN在侵蚀型葡萄胎滋养细胞质呈阳性着色。提示FN胞质定位与滋养上皮迁移和侵蚀密切相关,FN基底膜定位与滋养细胞分化密切相关,FN胞膜定位与滋养细胞增殖相关,FN的阴性着色与滋养细胞衰老,FN胞核转位与滋养细胞凋亡可能相关。     

Relationship between polymerization degree and cementitious activity of iron ore tailings

The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between the polymerization degree and cementitious activity of iron ore tailings. In light of the poor usage of iron ore tailings, stockpile samples from Tangshan were studied in terms of their ability to become cementitious materials. Compound thermal activation was used to improve the cementitious properties of the tailings, while analyzing methods, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), were employed to study the changes in phase and structure under different activation conditions. The results reveal clear relationships between the binding energies of Si2p and O1s, polymerization degree, and cementitious activity of iron ore tailings.     

咖啡因分子模板聚合物的合成及性能研究

 以咖啡因为模板,MAA为功能单体,EGDMA为交联剂,采用本体聚合方式在不同溶剂中合成了一系列咖啡因分子模板聚合物.采用紫外分光光度法测定了其对模板分子的吸附性能及其对相似物质的选择性能.讨论了溶剂种类、搅拌时间及介质的酸碱性对聚合速度及聚合物性能的影响.与非模板聚合物相比,以乙腈为致孔剂合成的聚合物具有较好的吸附性能和选择性能.     

南堡凹陷断层活动与油气成藏和富集的关系

基于生长断层活动性的定量评价、大量流体包裹体的光性特征和均一温度结合单井埋藏史等综合分析,对南堡凹陷断层活动与油气成藏和富集的关系进行研究。结果表明:除两条边界断层外,南堡凹陷切穿烃源岩层系且在明化镇期活动的断层总计45条;沙河街期至东营期断层活动性增强,馆陶期为相对静止期,在明化镇期断层活动性再次增强,断层停止活动时间主要为距今7～2.5Ma,平均距今4 Ma。根据明化镇早期断距的大小和断层停止活动时间,将45条断层划分为A、B、C 3类,油气主要富集在活动性相对较强、断层停止活动时间相对较晚的A、B两类断层附近的有利圈闭中。根据流体包裹体均一温度结合埋藏史得出研究区油气成藏期最晚时间主要为距今5～1 Ma,平均距今2 Ma,晚于断层停止活动时间2 Ma;断层停止活动后,当上覆地层沉积厚度为180～300 m时,其在垂向上的通道逐渐闭合。