泄洪洞出口扭曲斜切挑坎挑流数值模拟

采用RNGκ-ε湍流模型与VOF多相模型对扭曲斜切型挑坎进行水气两相流三维数值模拟,模拟了挑流水舌的空中形态,水舌挑距,水舌挑高,以及水舌速度分布、湍动能k与湍动能耗散率ε的分布情况.数值模拟成果与模型试验观测数据吻合良好,验证了该数值模拟方法的可靠性和合理性,可以为工程优化设计提供科学依据.     

大单宽流量岸边溢洪道水力特性三维数值模拟

采用κ~ε双方程紊流模型模拟了带掺气槽岸边溢洪道具有大曲率水气交界面的水流流场,给出了溢洪道溢流堰、泄槽及挑流鼻坎的压力分布、流速分布等水力特性并对掺气槽掺气特性进行了定性分析.其中部分结果与模型试验结果吻合良好.对连续式和差动式两种不同坎型挑流鼻坎消能效果进行对比,给出各自预挖坑底板紊动能分布,结果表明多股水舌消能效果优于单股水舌,可为挑流坎型优化设计提供参考.     

舌形挑流鼻坎水力特性研究

基于拱坝表孔泄洪的水槽实验,分析了舌形挑坎曲率和挑角的变化对水流横向扩散及下游水垫塘底板时均压力的影响。在不同泄流量和下游水深条件下,对不同曲率和挑角的舌形挑坎以及常规挑坎进行了比较研究。结果表明,水流经过舌形挑坎时流态稳定,水舌横向扩散明显。在挑坎末端高程相同的条件下,下泄流量较小时,曲率和挑角越大,水舌单宽流量的横向分布越均匀,水垫塘底板最大时均压力越小;大泄流量时,曲率和挑角不宜过大,以保证水舌扩散效果。     

溢洪道贴角斜挑坎挑流水舌水力特性研究

溢洪道出口挑坎体型的设计会依据工程的需求而有所不同.通过模型试验和数值模拟结合的方法,将常规的斜切式挑坎与加贴角的斜切式挑坎的水舌形态、水舌挑距、挑高、水舌及下游紊动能和紊动能耗散率进行比较分析,得出了加贴角后斜挑体型的新的特征.对于狭窄河道大交角溢洪道,加贴角斜切式挑坎能够使挑流翻转偏向一侧,有利于挑流的归槽,减小了入水宽度和对单侧岸坡的冲刷,且挑流在空中运动时紊动剧烈,砸落水垫时紊动能耗散迅速,有利于下游消能防冲.     

圆弧形鼻坎挑射流空中消能率的试验研究

运用量纲方法分析了圆弧形鼻坎挑射流空中消能率的影响因素,采用两个系列共5种圆弧形挑流鼻坎模型,研究空中消能率与鼻坎体型参数和射流起挑断面弗劳德数的关系。试验结果表明起挑断面弗劳德数和鼻坎挑角对空中消能率的影响较大,相对反弧半径对空中消能率的影响可以忽略。据试验数据拟合的空中消能率的计算公式是鼻坎挑角和起挑弗劳德数的函数,拟合公式计算值与试验值的误差小于8%。     

高拱坝深孔窄缝挑坎水舌空中运动特性及抛距计算

窄缝挑坎应用于高拱坝深孔后,其出射水流内外缘抛距是确定拱坝下游消能水垫塘长度的重要依据.结合窄缝挑坎应用于高拱坝深孔后的水舌空中运动特性,依据几何相似原理和自由抛射体运动原理,建立了其内外缘抛距的计算方法,计算结果同模型试验结果吻合良好.     

高拱坝表孔及中孔挑流水舌上下碰撞作用下基岩冲刷

分析了表孔及中孔挑流水舌上下碰撞能量损失、 3 -D扩散和漏碰等水力特点 ,用动量方程和水舌空中扩散宽度沿程变化规律导出 3 - D碰撞流速、碰撞效率和碰撞能量损失 ,得出碰撞最佳水力条件。分析碰撞水舌对基岩冲刷特点 ,提出表、中孔水舌上下碰撞作用下基岩冲刷平衡深度估算方法。小湾表孔、中孔碰撞工况下基岩冲刷试验表明 ,预报值和试验值在各级库水位下基本吻合。研究表明预报方法可行的     

掺气减蚀槽的消能效果

试验证明设掺气槽后消能作用增加主要表现在：增加泄流沿程消能效果，降低挑流出口流速系数 值，挑距缩短，增加空中扩散消能作用，挑流水舌入池尺度加大，入池水流的能量集度减小。并首次提出了设掺气槽后消能作用增强的计算公式。     

高拱坝挑流水舌左右碰撞作用下河床基岩冲刷平衡深度的数学模型

应用紊动射流理论和水流动量方程,建立了高拱坝挑流水舌左右碰撞作用下,考虑水舌空中扩散三维性、漏碰流量以及碰撞能量损失的河床基岩冲刷平衡深度的数学模型。试验验证模型是合理可行的,对高拱坝挑流水舌碰撞作用下的水垫塘设计和应用具有参考意义。     

三角形鼻坎射流挑距综合影响系数的试验研究

引用包含综合影响系数的质点抛物线方程描述平面挑射流水舌上、下缘轨迹方程;应用量纲分析方法得到,影响三角形鼻坎射流挑距综合影响系数的参数为,射流起挑断面弗劳德数和挑流鼻坎的体型参数。据物理模型试验结果,拟合挑距综合影响系数与弗劳德数的关系式;本文公式计算的挑距值与试验值相比,误差小于8%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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