分支参数对天然气水合物羽状多分支井降压开采产能的影响规律

天然气水合物是未来极具发展潜力的清洁能源,而多分支井开采技术是天然气水合物高效开采的一种值得进一步探索的技术方法。基于南海神狐海域SHSC-4试采井测井曲线数据,建立了理想水合物藏分层地质模型。分析了羽状多分支井布设在水合物Ⅱ层中部时,分支参数对降压开采产能的影响规律。结果表明:(1)分支参数优化时,应首先考虑分支长度;尤其是当分支长度较短时,分支长度增加的增产效果最强;随着分支长度增加到一定长度,继续增加分支长度的产能增幅逐渐减弱。(2)其次应考虑分支数目和分支角度;相较于增加分支长度,增加分支数目和分支角度对产能影响较弱且增产效果相近;基于钻井成本考虑,分支数目不宜过多;分支角度大于45°时,产能增幅呈下降趋势,因此分支角度应小于45°。(3)在充分考虑上述分支参数的基础上,可适当考虑分支间距。相较于其他分支参数,增加分支间距对产能影响最弱,在保证较大控制面积和充分考虑钻井成本的前提下,分支井间距越大越好。     

多层非均质油藏双分支井产能影响因素分析

针对多层非均质油藏地层之间压力不平衡的特点,建立了多分支井半解析产能预测模型,分析了双分支井产能的影响因素。结果表明,由于分支之间存在干扰,分支夹角越小产能损失越大;两个分支所在地层的条件差别越大,产能高的分支越不易发挥最大潜力,从而影响总产量;井筒中摩擦压降和汇合点处的压力损失对分支井的产能的影响不大。因此,在设计双分支井时,应尽量增大分支之间的夹角,分支汇合点尽量远离油层;分支井的井底流压不大于任何一个分支处的地层压力;两个分支应尽量选取生产压差接近的油层,这样就可以使两个分支都能发挥产能潜力。     

鱼骨刺井电模拟实验研究

由于复杂结构井的复杂性,目前,应用数学解析和数值模拟方法很难准确描述地下流体的渗流规律,为了更为直接的观察流体的流动情况、模拟各种复杂条件,论文对鱼骨刺井进行了一系列的水电模拟实验,更为全面的研究了分支对称性、分支角度、分支数、分支长度等井眼结构参数对产能的影响。通过实验研究,论文提出了最佳参数,并发现最佳分支数的确定与其分支长度有关。引入分支间干扰度概念,4分支不对称鱼骨刺井的分支间、分支与主井筒间的干扰度都要低于对称井的干扰度,但分支对称井和不对称井的分支与主井筒间的干扰度相差很小;随着分支角度的增加,分支间干扰度减小;分支数增加,分支间干扰度增大,分支与主井筒间干扰度减小。该成果对鱼骨刺井的地下流体的渗流规律具有一定的参考价值。     

基于电模拟实验的多分支井产能研究

基于水电相似原理,设计分支井的电模拟实验.研究了分支数目、分支角度、模型电阻、注入井位置等参数对分支井产能的影响和各个分支对油井产能的贡献度.结果表明:产能随着分支角度和分支数目的增加而增大,但增加趋势逐渐变缓.分支井的分支与水平段间存在干扰导致每个分支的产能贡献度有差别;注入井位置对油井产量影响很大,选择合适的注采井网对多分支水平井的生产至关重要.实验结果为优化分支井的形态和注采井网提供了依据.     

煤层气多分支水平井分支间距优化研究

建立了非均质双孔介质煤层气储层多分支水平井开采的数学模型,模型中考虑了裂缝中气体的扩散和主支、分支井筒内压降的影响,分析了煤层气多分支水平井分支间距对产能的影响。研究表明：采用多分支水平井开采煤层气储藏时,给定井身结构条件下,存在最优分支间距,当分支间距小于最优分支间距时,实际控制面积小,峰值产气量和累计产气量小;当分支间距大于最优分支间距时,累计产气量降低,相同控制面积下采出程度降低;现场开采煤层气储层时,当最优分支间距较小时,相对而言实际控制区域内煤层气采出程度更高;本文计算条件下,煤层气多分支水平井最优分支间距为200-300m。     

2维Lengyel-Epstein模型的分支结构

在2维空间中用局部分支方法讨论Lengyel-Epstein模型的分支问题。 首先证明局部分支解的存在性,其次在分支点附近确定分支方向。     

多分支井结构优化研究

本文调阅了关于多分支井的产能预测与计算的文献,同时本实验针对多分支井的分支数目、位置与长度等结构设计实验、展开实验,得出了在实验压力的条件下,最佳泥砂比为1:5、水灰比0.51;得出产能最高的分支井结构特征,并最终得出成果。结论显示:随着分支距离油层中部越近,分支井的波及效率越高,分支井的总产能越大;随着分支数目的增加,产能减少,但产能减少的速度减缓,产能最终趋向于稳定;随着分支增长,分支井的产能随之增加,但产能增速减缓。     

广义 Davey-Stewartson 的精确解

利用动力系统分支方法研究广义Davey-Stewartson方程的精确行波解,给出了分支相图和分支分析,根据分支分析求出该方程的几组解.     

多层次细粒度特征三分支网络行人重识别方法

针对行人重识别中信息丢失导致判别性信息缺失的问题,提出了一种多层次细粒度特征三分支网络行人重识别方法.首先,在ResNet50网络上构建中层全局特征分支、多层次全局特征分支和局部特征分支,全局分支提供更加全面的特征表示,局部特征分支提供细粒度的特征表示;其次,在三分支网络上改进了损失函数,使用权重向量和特征向量归一化以...     

结合注意机制和局部擦除的行人重识别方法

针对行人重识别中行人姿态变化和遮挡问题,提出了一种结合注意机制和局部擦除的行人重识别方法.首先,构建由ResNet50为全局分支和注意擦除为局部分支组成的双分支网络.全局分支用来提取全局特征表示,在训练过程中可以监督注意擦除分支的训练.注意擦除局部分支由注意模块和擦除模块组成,该分支将输入特征映射的同一区域随机地分批擦...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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