2012年8月山西南部一次区域性暴雨过程成因分析

利用常规气象观测资料、自动站及区域加密资料,对2012年8月16—18日出现在山西南部的区域性暴雨天气过程进行了分析。结果表明:暴雨发生在短波槽东移与副热带高压南退的背景下,700 hPa、850 hPa切变线及地面中尺度辐合线是此次暴雨过程的主要影响系统,强烈的上升运动与热力不稳定条件为暴雨的产生提供了很好的动力及热力条件。地面中尺度辐合线与暴雨落区有很好的对应关系。     

2017年抚州市一次飑线天气诊断分析

基于常规天气图、地面自动站和多普勒雷达等资料,对2017年6月5日抚州市一次飑线过程的地面气象要素、环流形势以及天气尺度、不稳定能量、雷达回波演变特征等进行分析。分析表明:此次过程在中高纬度“两槽一脊”的环流形势下,中低层西南急流的形成促成了大气对流不稳定,地面辐合线是强对流天气发生的触发机制。飑线过境时温、压、湿等气象要素发生了剧烈变化。飑线形成之前,低层增温、增湿为强对流天气发生累积的不稳定能量起到促进的作用。快速东移的弓形回波带、在回波所经之地易出现雷暴大风天气;径向速度图上大片负的速度区前沿出现速度模糊,表明地面雷暴大风即将出现,这种速度场特征对抚州雷暴大风预警预报有指示作用。     

西江流域致洪暴雨的相似预报

分析和探讨了1966～1995年6～9月西江流域16个暴雨洪涝个例,总结出相似的天气形势.选取地面、850hPa、500hPa层的17个气象要素来表征三维空间的相似.计算相似系数时,分别对高度场、温度场、湿度场、极值位置和风场进行计算,在满足规定的阈值时,以加权综合评定的方式计算总相似系数,加以判别,作出预报.     

西江流域致江暴雨的相似预报

分析和探讨了1966－1995年6－9月西江流域16个暴雨洪涝个例,总结出相似的天气形势。选取地面、850hPa,500hPa层的17个气象要素来表征三维空间的相似。计算相似系数时,分别对高度场、温度场、湿度场、极值位置和风场进行计算,在满足规定的阈值时、以加权综合评定的方式计算总相似系数,加以判别,作出预报。     

地面气象综合观测业务软件ISOS2.0应用中存在的问题及处理方法

近年,随着地面气象自动观测站设备的不断升级,大部分气象要素的观测均实现了自动观测,随着通讯网络传输质量和效率的提高,地面气象要素的观测传输均向自动化发展,气象站真正实现全自动无人值守。2018年12月25日石河子气象局对四个国家气象观测站的地面气象综合观测业务软件ISOS进行了升级,版本由1.0版升级到2.0版。ISOS2.0版本的软件通过半年多的运行,通过观察、总结该软件运行中存在的问题和处理方法,总结软件应用中的注意事项,为保证地面气象要素的实时上传提供经验。     

一次区域性暴雨数值模拟及诊断分析

通过对陕西省2003年7月15日区域性暴雨过程进行分析发现,西太平洋副热带高压西侧的暖湿气流和新疆冷空气是这次暴雨的主要影响系统,充沛的水汽输送、能量的积聚和强烈的上升运动为暴雨的发生提供了充分的条件,700 hPa和850 hPa的低涡、切变线、地面倒槽是暴雨形成的触发机制.数值模拟结果表明:涡度场和散度场互耦;特强散度柱出现早于强涡度柱,而深厚的强气旋性涡柱则几乎与暴雨最强盛时期同时出现.     

一次多单体风暴和弓形回波过程的多普勒雷达探测特征研究

2006年5月8-9日,受中低层切变线和地面低压倒槽影响,浙江省西部及中北部地区出现了大范围的暴雨和地面大风天气。根据宁波和温州2部WSR-88D天气雷达提供的产品分析发现,8日08时至9日13时的大暴雨过程主要表现为3次多单体风暴的生成、发展加强和减弱消亡过程;9日16时至23时浙中地区自西向东出现的短时暴雨和地面大风天气是一次典型的弓形回波过境影响过程。     

天津市津南区一次持续性污染天气特征及气象条件分析

2018年3月9日～14日天津市津南区出现了一次持续性空气污染过程,利用津南区PM2.5质量浓度观测资料和地面气象要素观测数据,从天气形势和气象要素2方面对此次重污染过程进行分析。结果表明,此次持续性污染过程PM2.5质量浓度达271μg/m3,以细颗粒污染物为主;高空主要为高压脊前偏西风或平直的西风气流,低层受西南风控制;地面位于高压后部或低压前部,西南风不断将污染物从河北中南部向津南区输送。分析认为,高相对湿度、低风速和较低的混合层高度是造成此次持续性污染天气过程的主要气象要素,其中PM2.5质量浓度与混合层高度具有负相关。     

城市暴雨积水预报系统的理论模型及模拟计算

提出了一个城市暴雨积不预报系统的模式。这个系统由暴雨、地面径流、管网汇流和地面积水四个数学模型串联构成。在输入暴雨气预报信息后，系统即可对可能发生的城市暴雨积水进行模拟计算，最后对发生地面积水的概念、地点，持续时间和最大积水深度作出统计预报。     

开封市一次区域暴雨天气过程的综合诊断分析

利用NCEP 1°×1°的6 h再分析资料等,对2010年8月14日开封市一次区域暴雨天气过程进行综合分析,结果表明:此次过程是在贝加尔湖附近高空冷低压东移南下,伴随高空横槽转竖,引起华北切变线加强,地面倒槽北侧冷空气南下,饱和暖湿气流被迫抬升凝结而致暴雨.暴雨的水汽供应主要来自对流层中低层,强水汽辐合出现在华北切变线附近和强降水前,与暴雨区相对应.地面倒槽附近的上升气流与切变线附近的上升气流叠加,与副热带高压中心内部的下沉气流构成了经向闭合环流圈,为暴雨天气的出现提供了强上升气流.高层辐散、低层辐合的大气垂直结构增强了大气的抽吸作用,促进垂直上升运动的发展.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that