固化Zn、Cl污染砂土的强度及浸出特性

为研究新型固化剂固化稳定复合Zn、Cl污染砂土的效果,依托某企业搬迁遗留场地修复工程开展现场中试试验,并结合室内无侧限抗压强度试验、pH测试以及毒性浸出等试验,探讨修复土物理力学、浸出等特性与固化剂成分、养护龄期的变化规律,分析比较了不同固化剂的固化稳定化效果.试验结果表明,固化土干密度较污染素土增加,增幅达11%~12%;固化土强度随养护龄期和固化剂掺量增加而增长,其中28 d龄期6%KMP掺量的固化土无侧限抗压强度较未固化土高6.17倍;掺加固化剂会显著提升污染土pH值,其中掺加GGBS-Mg O的固化土各龄期pH值均略大于掺加KMP的固化土;2种固化剂对Zn、Cl离子的稳定效果有所差别,总体而言,2种固化剂均能有效地稳定土壤中的Zn、Cl离子.     

石灰固化海砂海泥混合料作为填料的室内试验研究

为解决沿海地区缺乏填料的问题,将海砂海泥按质量比1.5∶1进行掺合,将混合料作为填筑材料,采用石灰作为固化剂,开展了一系列室内试验,包括无侧限抗压强度试验、直剪试验以及压缩试验。结果表明,固化混合料的无侧限抗压强度随着石灰掺量增加不断提高,掺量5%~7%之间时,强度变化最明显;7 d养护龄期的混合料的强度约为28 d养护龄期的50%左右,强度增长较为缓慢;石灰掺量大于7%之后,其强度增长速率明显减缓,甚至有减小的趋势;石灰掺量低于5%时固化效果不明显,在7%~9%之间时接近低压缩性土。     

超细矿粉对水泥土力学性能的影响

目的研究水泥和超细矿粉复掺对水泥土力学性能的影响,比较不同掺量水泥和超细矿粉所引起水泥土无侧限抗压强度变化之间的差异.方法在固化剂掺量10%条件下,分别测试了不同超细矿粉和氢氧化钙掺量下水泥土的无侧限抗压强度,分析水泥掺量对大掺量超细矿粉水泥土的应力-应变曲线;利用扫描电子显微镜分析固化水泥土的微观结构.结果养护龄期7 d时,超细矿粉水泥土无侧限抗压强度随超细矿粉取代率增加呈下降的趋势,但下降幅度逐渐减小;养护龄期14 d和28 d时,随超细矿粉取代率增加,水泥土无侧限抗压强度呈先减小后增大的趋势.当超细矿粉的取代率为80%时,养护7 d时的水泥土无侧限抗压强度下降了29%,而相同超细矿粉取代率的水泥土在14 d和28 d时的无侧限抗压强度分别提高了9.3%和15%.超细矿粉掺入有利于改善水泥土结构的密实性,掺量为80%的水泥土结构表面有絮状胶凝物和针状钙矾石生成.结论水泥土的无侧限抗压强度随水泥掺量的增大和养护龄期的延长而提高;水泥的掺入可以改变水泥土的弹性模量;随水泥掺量增加,水泥土应力峰值增大;超细矿粉可细化水泥土的孔隙,使结构更加密实.     

电石渣/偏高岭土固化铜污染土的浸泡试验研究

针对电石渣/偏高岭土地聚合物固化铜污染土开展去离子水和盐酸条件下的浸泡试验,研究固化污染土无侧限抗压强度变化规律,分析浸泡条件对固化污染土稳定性的影响。研究结果表明:在未浸泡条件下,固化污染土无侧限抗压强度随着电石渣掺量的增加而增大;当电石渣掺量较低时,固化污染土的应力随应变增加而缓慢增大,无明显峰值;当电石渣质量分数超过9%时,应力随应变增加而较快增大,强度峰值明显;在去离子水和盐酸浸泡条件下,固化污染土的无侧限抗压强度变化趋势基本一致,随着电石渣掺量增加而增大,且明显低于未浸泡固化污染土的无侧限抗压强度;当电石渣质量分数为10%,偏高岭土质量分数为5%时,电石渣/偏高岭土地聚合物对铜污染土具有较强的抗酸稳定性,修复效果良好。     

电石渣稳定土强度特性影响因素分析

将电石渣稳定土用作道路底基层的填料,对电石渣的资源化利用具有重要意义。采用电石渣稳定两种细粒土,进行无侧限抗压强度试验,分析电石渣掺量、压实度、养生温度和龄期4种因素对电石渣稳定土强度性能的影响。结果表明,随着电石渣掺量的增加,两种稳定土的无侧限抗压强度分别在其掺量为9%和5%左右出现峰值,即为最佳电石渣掺量;压实度每增加2%,两种电石渣稳定土的7 d无侧限抗压强度分别提高20%和10%以上;随着养生温度升高,两种电石渣稳定土的强度增大,当养生温度由10℃提高到30℃时,其抗压强度可提高50%;电石渣稳定土的无侧限抗压强度随龄期延长而增大,前期(7～28 d)增长速率比后期(60～180 d)快;基于压实度和养生条件,提出了电石渣稳定土无侧限抗压强度的预估模型,具有较好的相关性。为满足低等级道路底基层强度的要求,建议两种电石渣稳定土的压实度应分别大于95%和97%,养生温度应分别大于10℃和20℃。     

快速固化土工程特性试验

为探究长安大学研制的新型4#粉体固化剂的固化效果,以山西忻州定襄县粉质粘土为研究对象,进行了单掺长安大学新型4#粉体固化剂固化土制备。通过不同掺量与不同龄期固化土试件的浸水和不浸水无侧线抗压强度试验,分析了掺量和龄期对固化土力学特性的影响规律。结果表明:养护前期,固化剂固化土强度增幅随掺量增大而先快后慢,养护后期其强度增幅随掺量增大而先慢后快;低掺量固化剂固化土强度增幅随龄期延长而先快后慢,高掺量固化剂固化土强度增幅随龄期延长而先慢后快。然后在考虑固化剂掺量和龄期对强度影响的基础上,建立了符合该固化土力学特性的强度预测公式,为该固化剂在工程实际运用中开展强度保证理论和试验研究探索。     

水泥砂浆固化土抗压强度特性试验

为论证水泥砂浆固化土工程应用的可行性,通过设置不同掺砂量、含水率、砂料粒径和养护龄期条件,对水泥砂浆固化土进行无侧限抗压强度试验.试验结果表明:(a)掺砂可提高水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度,尤其是早期强度.一定水泥掺入比条件下,当掺砂量处于最优掺砂率(10％左右)时水泥砂浆固化土的强度特性改善幅度最大,掺砂量超过最优掺砂率后水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度无显著提高.(b)水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度随原料土含水率的增加而减小,当原料土的含水率较低或养护龄期较短时,水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度下降幅度均较大,当含水率较高时水泥土掺砂难以达到预期的固化效果.(c)砂料粒径变化对水泥砂浆固化土的抗压强度影响较小,水泥砂浆固化土强度随着粒径的增大略有提高;砂料粒径变化对水泥砂浆固化土变形系数的影响较大,两者近似成正比关系,在实际工程中无需对砂料进行筛分而直接运用即可获得较好的处理效果.(d)水泥砂浆固化土无侧限抗压强度试验的破坏模式多为脆性张裂破坏和塑性剪切破坏.随着养护龄期的延长以及掺砂量的增加,脆性张裂破坏更为显著.     

小剂量石灰稳定土强度特性的试验研究

为了研究小剂量石灰稳定土的强度特性,制备了石灰剂量4%～8%、压实度90%～95%的石灰稳定土试样,经标准养护后,分别进行了7～180 d龄期的无侧限抗压强度试验和劈裂强度试验.试验结果表明:石灰稳定土的强度指标都随压实度增大而增大,且随时间增长而增大,但剂量4%的石灰稳定土的无侧限抗压强度在超过28 d后基本趋于稳定...     

偏高岭土-水泥固化Cd污染土的工程特性

采用偏高岭土-水泥体系对Cd污染土固化/稳定处理。通过无侧限抗压强度试验和毒性浸出试验,探讨Cd2+含量和偏高岭土掺量对固化污染土强度和浸出特性的影响。结果表明:固化土体的无侧限抗压强度随着养护龄期的增加而呈不同程度的对数增长趋势;掺加偏高岭土后,固化土体随着Cd2+含量的增加,强度逐渐减小,无明显临界效应;各种Cd2+含量下,偏高岭土的掺入对固化土体的强度均有提高,且掺量达到2%时出现峰值;毒性浸出试验结果表明掺入偏高岭土对污染土中Cd2+具有更优异固化稳定效果;无论从固化效果还是从经济性出发,偏高岭土的最佳掺量均在2%左右,且可适当减少固化剂用量。     

固化淤泥长期强度和变形特性试验研究

采用INSTRON 5500R 4206-006型微机控制电子万能试验机,对基于水泥、石灰和低钙粉煤灰的固化淤泥进行无侧限抗压强度试验和间接抗拉强度试验,得到标准养护360 d淤泥固化土的应力-应变关系、破坏强度和破坏应变.研究结果表明:固化剂掺入导致固化土破坏应变明显减小,无侧限抗压强度和抗拉强度明显增大,且破坏模式由塑性破坏逐渐向脆性破坏方向发展;从长期强度和经济成本角度,石灰-低钙粉煤灰固化剂完全可取代同配比水泥-低钙粉煤灰固化剂;淤泥固化土的无侧限抗压强度与抗拉强度之比为10左右;掺加适当配比粉煤灰的设计固化材料可考虑用作低强度交通负载公路路基材料.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that