基于GA-BP神经网络的喷射成形锭坯形貌调控技术

随着现代技术的发展，在汽车和航空航天等领域都在追求材料的轻量化，而材料的高强度高韧性是轻量化的基础。7000系铝合金（Al-Zn-Mg-Cu系铝合金）具有高强度、高硬度、良好的耐腐蚀性能等优点，其中7055铝合金是所有铝合金中强度最高的。喷射成形工艺是7055铝合金常用的制备方法。铝合金锭坯在沉积过程中的稳定生长是喷射成形工艺制备形貌一致、沉积质量均匀的大规格锭坯的基础。受喷射成形过程中众多工艺参数变化的影响，现有的理论模型难以满足实际生产过程中质量控制要求。文中通过所采集的喷射成形过程工艺历史数据与锭坯沉积表面直径的相关性分析，结合BP神经网络与遗传算法，构建锭坯直径的GA-BP神经网络预测模型及生长速度调控模型；根据工艺参数的实时波动，计算直径变化量，作为输入层导入经过训练的速度调节神经网络模型，对沉积基底的升降速度进行优化调控，使得锭坯沉积生长形貌均匀稳定。最后采用该方法对锭坯沉积生长速度调控工艺进行实验分析。结果表明，通过该工艺参数优化方法制备的大规格锭坯直径尺寸偏差在5%以内，验证了生长速度调节的可行性。     

激光热应力成形工艺参数综合作用试验及评估

为了对激光热应力成形的工艺参数进行全面评估,通过改变激光束能量、光斑直径、扫描次数及扫描速度等参数,对0．6mm厚的AISI304不锈钢冷轧板进行激光热应力成形的正交试验,旨在评价参数的耦合作用,根据正交试验的原理,可判别相互影响的参数产生作用的主次关系．试验结果表明：在AISI304不锈钢冷轧板激光热应力成形时,正交试验的4个与能量有关工艺参数产生的作用是不同的,按对弯曲变形量影响的大小排序：扫描次数、扫描速度、光斑直径、激光束能量,其中扫描次数和扫描速度是两个重要的影响因素,它们对增加弯曲变形都有较大潜力。     

基于正交试验法的熔融沉积快速成形工艺参数优化研究

建立了以缩小成形样件表面条纹间距为目标,成形层厚ap和成形室温度T为因素的2因素5水平正交试验,研究了熔融沉积快速成形工艺参数优化问题,得到了成形层厚是影响表面质量的主要因素以及在环境温度为28℃时最佳成形层厚ap和成形室温度T的参数水平分别为0.2 mm和50℃,该方法对于研究其它特种加工方法的工艺参数优化提高工艺效益具有一定借鉴作用。     

高温气冷堆包覆燃料颗粒的化学气相沉积

我国正在建造１０ＭＷ高温气冷堆，包覆燃料颗粒的研制是高温气冷堆的关键技术之一。ＴＲＩＳＯ型包覆燃料颗粒是由燃料核芯、疏松热解碳层、内致密热解碳层、碳化硅层和外致密热解碳层组成。采用化学气相沉积方法，选用乙炔、丙烯、甲基三氯硅烷和氢气作为反应气体，在直径为５５ｍｍ锥形流化床包覆炉中制备包覆燃料颗粒。本文系统地研究了工艺参数和性能之间的关系，摸索出疏松热解碳层、致密热解碳层和碳化硅层的最佳包覆工艺条件，总结出经验公式，用扫描电镜观察了包覆燃料颗粒的微观结构，制备出满足设计要求的ＴＲＩＳＯ型包覆燃料颗粒。     

多层喷射沉积技术中的轨迹分析

提出了多层喷射沉积在板坯和管坯方面雾化液滴沉积到接收器表面的轨迹方程，分析了各工艺参数对轨迹的影响．结果表明，各参数中ωｙ／ωｘ对轨迹分布的均匀性影响最大．当ωｙ与ωｘ之比成整数时，多层喷射沉积工艺的第二层就开始沿着第一层轨迹线重喷；但随着ωｙ／ωｘ值越大，单层轨迹越复杂；ωｙ／ωｘ值偏离倍数关系时，多层喷射沉积轨迹分布趋向均匀．     

网眼多孔陶瓷中缺陷形成的有限元分析

根据有机泡沫模板孔筋实际结构，设计了合理的模型，采用有限单元法对脱胶过程中的热应力进行了计算．计算结果表明：凹三角形的棱角处最易破坏，随着涂覆厚度的增加，热应力逐渐减小，这样就可以减小热应力对涂覆层的破坏，提高材料的力学性能．在有限元分析的基础上，采用改进的两次离心挂浆工艺制备了网眼多孔陶瓷，增加了模板的涂覆厚度，材料的力学性能得到了显著提高．实验结果与理论计算相吻合，有力证明了有限元计算结果的正确性及其对工艺改进的重要指导意义．     

废旧纤维板材成型工艺的优化

利用废旧纤维、传统纺织和热压设备，研究了废旧聚酯／聚丙烯纤维复合板材的成型工艺，探讨了成型温度、时间、压力等工艺参数和聚丙烯纤维质量分数对复合板材力学性能的影响。得出废旧纤维板材最佳成型条件为：聚丙烯纤维质量分数为40％、成型温度200℃、成型时间4min、成型压力10MPa，此时制备的纤维复合板材力学性能最佳，其拉伸强度为51MPa，弯曲强度为65．4MPa。     

基于实体单元的板材渐进成形数值模拟分析

为研究渐进成形的成形机理及工艺参数对成形力的影响,应用三维实体单元对成形过程进行数值模拟分析和相应的实验研究.在解决数值模拟中运动轨迹加载等难点问题的基础上,合理简化有限元分析模型,提高数值模拟计算效率.采用坐标网格法实验,并通过检测板材厚度的变化,验证了模拟结果的准确性.通过对模拟和实验结果的研究分析,提出了一种不同于剪切变形的新的变形机理,即主要变形区的板材是平面内拉伸变形及局部反向弯曲变形的组合;对成形力的数值模拟正交实验表明层间距是成形力的主要影响因素,并且成形力随层间距的减小而减小.     

激光冲压金属板料成形的研究

随着现代科学技术的飞速发展，金属板材成形件的需求量日益广泛，因而探索板材成形的新工艺和新技术具有十分积极的意义。笔者首次提出利用激光冲击波技术来进行金属板料成形的新技术－金属材料的激光冲压成形，分析了其成形机理和特点，利用脉冲能量为10－30J，脉宽为20ns的高功率Na:Glass激光器，对金属板料进行了激光冲压成形的实验研究,探讨了激光参数，板料性能，约束边界等条件对板料成形的影响，获得了在激光单次冲击条件下，板料成形深度，成形区残余应力与工艺参数和约束边界条件之间的变化规律。     

PECVD法在聚酰亚胺上沉积氮化硅薄膜的工艺研究

采用了等离子体增强化学气相沉积法(Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition，PECVD)在聚酰亚胺(Polyimide，PI)牺牲层上生长氮化硅薄膜；利用微旋转结构测量氮化硅薄膜的残余应力；讨论沉积温度、射频功率、反应气体流量比等工艺参数对氮化硅薄膜的残余应力的影响，并把薄膜的残余应力分为热应力和本征应力加以分析，得出适合制作射频MEMS开关器件中的桥式梁的氮化硅薄膜的最佳工艺条件。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that