Mn对喷射沉积Al-25Si-xFe-yMn合金中Fe相的影响

通过喷射沉积工艺制备了Al-25Si-xFe-yMn(Mn/Fe质量比在0～1之间)系列合金的沉积坯,利用SEM、XRD和EDX对这些沉积坯的微观组织进行分析.结果表明,添加Mn元素,将生成颗粒状的α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2,取代了针状的δ-Al4FeSi2和β-Al5FeSi相,从而显著地改善高硅铝合金中的Fe相的形貌,并且随着Mn/Fe质量比的提高,沉积坯中颗粒状的α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2含量也增加,而针状相的含量却减少,当Mn/Fe质量比增加到0.83或1时,在沉积坯中只发现颗粒状的α-Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2.     

原位反应TiC颗粒对喷射沉积Al-20Si-5Fe合金微观组织的影响

利用熔铸－原位反应喷射沉积成形技术制备了TiC颗粒增强Al-20Si-5Fe复合材料,分析了内生TiC颗粒对喷射沉积Al-20Si-5Fe合金微观组织的影响。结果表明：喷射沉积Al-20Si-5Fe合金微观组织中常出现脆性、针状的Al-Si-Fe三元金属间化合物相,在Al-20Si-5Fe合金中内生一定量的TiC颗粒,有助于减小粗晶Si颗粒的尺寸、消除针状的Al-Si-Fe三元金属间化合物相。     

原位自生Sip/ZA40复合材料的组织及性能研究

采用原位自生铸造法制备了ZA40-1.5wt%Si、ZA40-3.0wt%Si、ZA40-4.5wt%Si和ZA40-6.0wt%Si合金,获得了Si颗粒分布均匀、尺寸细小、形貌规则的锌基复合材料。分析了复合材料的组织形貌,检测了复合材料的硬度和冲击性能。研究结果表明:高铝锌合金加入硅后,随着硅含量的增多,Si除了在组织中形成共晶硅相外,还析出初晶硅;随着硅含量的增加初晶硅相数量增多,合金的硬度提高,冲击韧性下降。     

喷射沉积AlFeVSi合金热暴露过程中相转变与沉积态组织特点

采用喷射沉积工艺制备快速凝固AlFeVSi合金薄片和沉积管坯,通过示差热分析、X射线衍射分析、金相显微组织观察、透射电镜组织观察、硬度测试等检测手段,研究了喷射沉积AlFeVSi合金快凝薄片在高温热暴露过程中的相变和组织演变规律,并分析了喷射沉积AlFeVSi合金坯组织特点。结果表明,喷射沉积AlFeVSi快凝薄片基本上为呈微胞状的过饱和α-Al固溶体。加热温度低于500℃时,在高温热暴露过程中微胞状结构发生分解,α-Al过饱和固溶体脱溶,形成α-Al Al12(Fe,V)3Si(bcc,a≈1.260 nm)弥散颗粒的分解产物,当温度高于500℃时,Al12(Fe,V)3Si颗粒粗化聚集,并以独立形核长大的方式生成θ-Al13Fe4块状相。随着热暴露温度升高,喷射沉积AlFeVSi合金薄片的硬度呈下降趋势。喷射沉积AlFeVSi坯主要由α-Al固溶体和Al12(Fe,V)3Si颗粒组成,但也存在少量含粗大片状或块状相的非快速凝固组织。     

铸态和沉积态Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu合金的显微组织与相形成

采用常规铸造和喷射成形工艺制备了含硅达25%(质量分数)的过共晶Al-Si合金,利用SEM(EDS)、XRD和DSC等分析方法对合金的显微组织和相熔解析出进行了分析研究.结果表明,铸态合金含有粗大块状初晶Si相和粗大针片状含铁相,而喷射成形工艺能够使二者的尺寸、形貌发生改变而有利于合金性能的提高.同时,铸态和沉积态合金中均含有基体Al、初晶Si和Al2Cu相,不同的是铸态合金中含铁相主要为δ-Al4FeSi2相,而沉积态合金中以β-Al5FeSi相为主.分析其原因主要是糊状层的存在引起沉积坯冷却速度降低而导致沉积坯中发生δ-Al4FeSi2相的转变及共晶组织增加,致使沉积态合金中β-Al5FeSi相为主要含铁相.采用DSC实验对沉积态合金在熔化和凝固过程中发生的反应进行了讨论.     

高硅铝合金高温微观力学行为研究

高硅铝合金以其优异的性能在电子封装领域具有广阔的应用前景,准确地测量其高温微观力学行为具有重要意义.本文基于数字图像相关(DIC)方法,对Al-27%Si、Al-42%Si、Al-60%Si3种不同硅含量高硅铝合金的拉伸试样开展了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下的高温原位拉伸实验研究.分析了在20～300℃下测得的3种合金的应力-应变曲线、微尺度全场应变分布规律以及拉伸试样的断口形貌.结果表明,硅的含量和温度对高硅铝合金拉伸力学行为具有显著的影响.随着温度的升高,3种合金的应变量均逐渐增大,其中Al-27%Si的应变量变化最大.3种合金的抗拉强度随温度的升高均近似呈线性趋势降低,常温下Al-27%Si最高,200℃以上时Al-42%Si最高,Al-60%Si合金的抗拉强度最低.在Al-27%Si与Al-42%Si合金的应变场中的铝基体相内部出现了明显的应变集中现象,而Al-60%Si的应变分布较均匀.温度对3种合金的微尺度拉伸变形场分布规律影响不大.合金的拉伸断口形貌表明,随着硅含量的增加,高硅铝合金主要的拉伸断裂机制由铝相的韧性断裂逐渐转变为硅相的脆性断裂,而温度对其影响较小.3种高硅铝合金在不同温度下拉伸时均无明显的屈服现象,也未出现颈缩现象.     

变质工艺对复合铝合金钎焊层Si的形貌及尺寸的影响

4045铝合金铸造过程中分别采用Na盐、Al-Sr中间合金、Al-P中间合金等不同的变质剂进行变质处理,检测并分析了铸造组织中的初晶Si、共晶Si以及复合铝合金钎焊层Si的形貌与尺寸。结果显示,经Al-Sr中间合金变质处理的铸造组织中没有块状初晶Si,且共晶Si为球化的短棒状。对复合铝合金钎焊层的形貌进行检测发现,经变质处理的试样中Si颗粒发生球化且呈短棒状,未发现大的块状Si颗粒;而未经变质处理的试样中有明显的呈长条状的Si颗粒,且平均最大Feret直径、平均最小Feret直径、平均颗粒面积、颗粒总面积、颗粒面积分数等较大。表明Al-Sr中间合金变质剂对高硅铝合金铸造组织中的Si相以及复合铝合金钎焊层Si颗粒的形貌与尺寸有明显改善作用。     

高硅铝合金材料高温充氧氧化工艺

针对应用广泛的高硅铝合金电子封装材料,采用高温充氧氧化工艺,对已挤压成形的Al-30Si及Al-40Si高硅铝合金材料进行后续处理,通过扫描电镜、金相显微镜、热物性测试仪及电子万能拉伸试验机等,对材料显微组织、密度、气密性、热膨胀系数、热导率及抗压强度进行了分析比较。研究结果表明:高温充氧氧化后材料晶粒长大,Si含量高的材料长大更为明显,并存在Si颗粒偏聚现象;高温氧化后材料致密度增加,气密性提高;氧化后Al-30Si材料热膨胀系数略有增加,而充氧氧化对Al-40Si材料的热膨胀系数的影响不明显,但可提高材料热导率,Al-30Si与Al-40Si材料热导率分别提高16.4%和23.5%;高温氧化工艺显著降低材料抗压强度,Al-30Si与Al-40Si材料经氧化后抗压强度分别下降26.8%和20.5%。     

基于正交试验对铸造铝合金电导率和抗拉强度影响规律的分析

挑选了铝合金中常用的9种合金元素,根据这些元素对铝合金物理性能和微观组织的影响规律和影响机制进行了分类。通过设计四因素三变量正交试验分析了这些合金元素对Al-7Si合金导电性能和抗拉强度的影响规律,为开发兼具高导电(热)性能和高强度铸造铝合金提供了有价值的工艺参考。通过对比发现,Sr元素能有效将共晶Si相变质为纤维状,这有利于合金电导率的提升;质量分数为0.6%的Fe也能适当提升合金的电导率。Sb元素能有效将共晶Si相变质为细小片状,这有利于合金抗拉强度的提升;质量分数为0.5%的Ni或0.5%的Zn也能适当提升合金的抗拉强度。Sr和Sb同时加入合金中,共晶Si相的变质效果会恶化,并导致粗大片状共晶Si相析出。     

稀土Ce对Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd合金微观组织和细化行为的影响

研究了稀土Ce添加量对Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd中间合金微观组织和细化行为的影响,结果表明:Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd中间合金基体上分布着条状的TiAl_3相,径向尺寸为10-200μm,轴向尺寸为30-40μm;当Ce加入量为0.5%时,Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd中的TiAl_3相尺寸明显降低,并随着Ce含量增加,TiAl_3相尺寸进一步降低,当Ce加入量增至1.5%时,细化剂中的TiAl_3颗粒相变得更加细小,并在轴向上发生离断;与Al-5Ti相比,Al-5Ti-0.5Mg-0.15Gd-1.5Ce对Al-7Si合金的α-Al细化更显著,并对合金中的共晶硅也有细化作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has